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At least four glacial stands occurred since 6.5 ka B.P. based on moraines located on the eastern flanks of the Three Sisters Volcanoes and the northern flanks of Broken Top Mountain in the Central Oregon Cascades. The youngest of these advances was the Little Ice Age (LIA) glaciation, which reached its maximum advance 150-200 yrs. B.P. and is defined by the large sharp crested and unvegetated moraines adjacent to the modern glaciers. In isolated locations less than 100 m downslope from these moraines, a second set of sparsely vegetated lateral moraines marks the Late-Neoglacial stand of the glaciers between 2.1 ± 0.4 and 7.7 ka B.P, A third set of Early-Neoglacial end moraines is 300-700 meters downslope of the modern glacier termini, and postdates 7.7 ka B.P. From SST temperature data (Barron et al., 2003) and a speleothem record (Vacco, 2003), we infer that this advance occurred between 4.5 and 6.5 ka B.P. Finally, the Fountonnor stand is marked by moraines 500-900 meters downslope of the modern glacier termini, and we infer these are latest Pleistocene or early Holocene. Modem equilibrium line altitudes (ELAs) at the Three Sisters and Broken Top are approximately 2500 - 2600 m. During the LIA, the ELAs were 40 - 180 m lower, requiring cooler mean summer temperatures by 0.7 - 1.0°C and winter snowfall to increase by 10 - 60 cm water equivalent. The average Early Neoglacial and Fountonnor ELAs were 130 - 300 m and 290 - 320 m lower than modem glaciers, respectively, requiring air temperatures to be 0.7 - 1.6°C and 1.5 - 1.7°C cooler during the summer and winter snowfall to be 40 - 100 cm water equivalent and 90 - 100 cm water equivalent greater.

Ninety-five oriented samples were obtained from nine Recent Cascade lava flows in Oregon. Directions and intensities of remanent magnetization were measured on a spinner magnetometer which measures directions of magnetization to within 1.2° s.d. Angle measurements were plotted graphically using an equal area projection. Mean directions and statistics were calculated by digital computer. Samples were demagnetized in alternating magnetic fields while being rotated in a two axis tumbling device. All flow means, except one, calculated from the original magnetization vectors are distinct from the present geomagnetic field direction. A correspondence is found between scatter observed in a flow and the type of outcrop sampled (whether natural or man-made). This is believed to be a consequence of excessive blockiness and aa characteristics of the lavas. Results of demagnetization tests indicate low secondary magnetizations. Stability is indicated by lack of anisotropy, lack of isothermal and chemical remanent magnetizations, low viscous magnetization, and divergence of flow means from the present field direction. Flow mean directions for five dated flows are used to trace the secular variation of the paleomagnetic field back to 3000 B.P. This secular variation curve agrees with data taken in southwestern United States for the same period of time. It has generally been found that Recent mean pole positions are coincident with the geographical pole within the limits of error of the data. This study yielded a mean direction distinct from an axial dipole direction. However, the age span is limited as eight of the nine flows have ages between 300 and 3850 years. / Graduation date: 1968

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A glacier responds to changes in climate by subsequent retreat and advance as a result of changes in snow inputs and outputs. Understanding these changes is important because shrinking glaciers limit and diminish local water resources. They contribute to alpine runoff in the late-summer months by delaying the maximum runoff until late in the melt season. A comprehensive glacier and perennial snowfield inventory has not been completed for the Three Sisters in Central Oregon. Using aerial photography, Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), previous studies, and historical ground based photographs these glacier and perennial snowfields were defined and their surface area change was quantified along with surface area and volume change for the 15 named glaciers for multiple years. The glaciers and perennial snowfields totaled 9.03 ± 1.65 km2 in 1949 and decreased to 7.1 ± 1.16 km2 in 2003 giving a total loss of -1.914 ± 0.974 km2 ( 21%). The 15 named glaciers totaled 12.43 ± 0.417 km2 in ~1900 and decreased to 5.65 ± 0.135 km2 in 2003 giving a total loss of -6.70 ± 0.439 km2 (54%) with more loss occurring in the early part of the century. It's estimated that the 15 named glaciers lost roughly 61% of volume from 1900 to 2010. From 1957 to 2010 their surface's dropped in elevation on average by -8.9m, losing an estimated 71.96 x 106 ± 2.87 x 106 m3 (53%) in total volume, seen across accumulation and ablation zones, with more loss happening from 1957 to 1990. There was no relationship found between topography and area. A small correlation was found between slope and increased volume change. Debris cover on glacier surfaces has increased and showed a correlation between decreasing area loss (no correlation with volume changes).

This thesis serves as documentation of my efforts to define accurately my creative process as an actor in creating the role of Masha in The Three Sisters by Anton Chekhov. This includes research, character analysis, rehearsal journal and an evaluation of my performance. The Three Sisters was produced by the University of New Orleans Department of Film, Theatre and Communication Arts in New Orleans, Louisiana. The play was performed in the Thrust Theatre of the Performing Arts Center at 8:00 pm on the evenings of April 19 through 21 and April 26 through 28, with one matinee at 2:30 pm on Sunday, April 29, 2007.

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No description available.