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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Gaubtinės ir tiesiosios žarnos vėžio chemoterapijos veiksmingumo įvertinimas / The evaluation of chemotherapy effectiveness for colorectal cancer patients

Jančiauskienė, Rasa 22 February 2006 (has links)
1. INTRODUCTION Colon and rectum cancers (CRC) accounted for about 1 million new cases in 2002 (9.4 % of the world total) with about 529,000 deaths and 2.8 million alive with CRC diagnosed within 5 years of diagnosis [Parkin DM et al, 2005]. Recent estimates indicate that in 2004 CRC among the most common incident form of cancer in the Europe was in the second position with more than 380,000 new cases (13.2% of total). CRC was also one of two most common causes of cancer deaths in Europe (203,700 per year) [Boyle P et al, 2005]. A favourable pattern in CRC mortality for both genders was observed in most of western European countries from the 1990s onwards, but CRC mortality rates were still in the upward direction in some eastern European countries [Fernandez E et al, 2005]. For patients diagnosed with CRC during the early 1990s, the EUROCARE study showed that differences in stage at diagnosis were a key explanation for differences in survival between western European countries, and differences in therapy contributed to survival differences between eastern and western European countries [Gatta G et al, 2000]. The number of new cases of CRC in Lithuania is increasing every year. According to the data of Lithuanian Cancer Registry, there were diagnosed 1442 new colorectal cancer cases and 973 deaths in 2004 in Lithuania [The main results of cancer control in Lithuania. Transitional report 2004. Lithuanian Cancer Registry]. CRC is in the third position according new cancer... [to full text]
2

Sergančiųjų II–III stadijos tiesiosios žarnos vėžiu chirurginio gydymo rezultatų įvertinimas po priešoperacinio spindulinio ir chemospindulinio gydymo / Preoperative chemoradiation versus short term radiation alone with delayed surgery for stage II and III resectable rectal cancer

Latkauskas, Tadas 08 July 2010 (has links)
Perspektyvinio atsitiktinių imčių tyrimo tikslas – palyginti II–III stadijos rezektabilaus tiesiosios žarnos vėžio chirurginio gydymo rezultatus po priešoperacinės smulkiafrakcijinės spindulinės terapijos ir chemoterapijos ar priešoperacinės stambiafrakcijinės spindulinės terapijos. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Atlikti sisteminės literatūros apžvalgos metu gautų duomenų matematinę analizę, tikslu palyginti smulkiafrakcijinės spindulinės tarapijos su chemoterapija ir stambiafrakcijinės spindulinės terapijos poveikį ir galimus skirtumus. 2. Nustatyti ir palyginti radikalių operacijų dažnį chST ir tST grupėse. 3. Nustatyti ar chemospindulinis gydymas padidina sfinkterį išsaugančių operacijų dažnį lyginant su stambiafrakcijine spinduline terapija ir atidėtu chirurginiu gydymu. 4. Nustatyti kaip taikytas priešoperacinis gydymas įtakojo artimuosius pooperacinius rezultatus, palyginti komplikacijų dažnį tiriamosiose grupėse. 5. Nustatyti ir palyginti histologinio „pilno pasveikimo“ ir „stadijos sumažėjimo“ (downstaging) dažnį abejose grupėse. 6. Įvertinti priešoperacinio chemospindulinio gydymo ir stambiafrakcijinės spindulinės terapijos įtaką bendram limfmazgių skaičių preparate ir metastatinių limfmazgių skaičių randamų pašalintame tiesiosios žarnos preparate. Grupės: 1. smulkiafrakcijinės spindulinės terapijos (50Gy) ir chemoterapijos 5-Fu/Lv (po 6–7 sav. operacinis gydymas). 2. stambiafrakcijinės spindulinės terapijos (5x5Gy, per 5 dienas, po 6–7 sav. operacija). Įtraukimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the randomized controlled trial was to compare the results of two different treatment options for stage II and III resectable rectal cancer: preoperative chemoradiotherapy and short term radiotherapy with delayed surgery (6 weeks). The objectives of the study were as follows: 1. to perform systematic literature review and meta-analysis comparing preoperative chemoradiotherapy with short-term radiotherapy 2. to compare radical resection rates between the groups; 3. to compare sphincter saving procedure rates; 4. to compare morbidity and mortality rates; 5. to evaluate the rates of downstaging and the rates of complete response; 6. to assess the role of preoperative treatment on the number of lymph nodes and the number of metastatic lymph nodes detected in the tumor bearing specimen. Arms 1. chemoradiotherapy arm - radiotherapy 50Gy/25fr, 1.8-2Gy per fraction over 5 weeks with chemotherapy 5-Fu/Lv ( 400mg/m² 5-Fluouracil, 20mg/m² Leucovorine) during first and last week of radiotherapy ( surgery after 6-7 weeks). 2. short-term radiotherapy with delayed surgery arm – radiotherapy 25Gy/5fr, 5Gy per fraction over 5 days (surgery after 6-7 weeks). preoperative short term radiation group 5x5 Gy during 5 days and surgery after 6 weeks Inclusion Criteria: • histologically confirmed stage II and III rectal cancer less than 15 cm from anal verge • less than 80 years old • no other cancer during 5 years period • compensate cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic and renal... [to full text]

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