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Evaluating drainage water recycling in tile-drained systemsBenjamin D Reinhart (8071469) 03 December 2019 (has links)
<p>Drainage water recycling (DWR) is the practice of capturing,
storing, and reusing subsurface drained agricultural water to support
supplemental irrigation and has recently been proposed as a practice for
improving the crop production and water quality performance in the tile-drained
landscape of the U.S. Midwest. This study describes the development of a
modeling framework to quantify the potential irrigation and water quality
benefits of DWR systems in tile-drained landscapes and the application of the model
using ten years of measured weather, tile drain flow and nutrient
concentrations, water table, and soil data from two sites in the U.S. Midwest.
From this modeling framework, the development and testing of an open-source
online tool is also presented.</p><p></p><p>A spreadsheet model was developed to track water flows
between a reservoir and drained and irrigated field area at each site. The
amount of tile drain flow and associated nutrient loads that could be captured
from the field and stored in the reservoir was estimated to calculate the
potential water quality benefits of the system. Irrigation benefits were
quantified based on the amount of applied irrigation annually. A reservoir size
representing 6% to 8% of the field area with an average depth of 3.05 m was sufficient
in meeting the annual irrigation requirements during the 10-year period at each
site. At this reservoir size, average annual nitrate-N loads were reduced by
20% to 40% and soluble reactive phosphorus loads by 17% to 41%. Variability in
precipitation within and across years, and differences in soil water
characteristics, resulted in a wide range of potential benefits at the two
sites.</p><p>An online tool was developed from the model, and a
variance-based global sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine
influential and low-sensitivity input parameters. The input parameter, depth of
root zone, was the most influential input parameter suggesting that the
estimation of total available water for the field water balance is a critical
component of the model. Input settings describing the irrigation management and
crop coefficients for the initial establishment and mid-season crop growth
periods were also influential in impacting the field water balance. Reservoir
seepage rate was influential in regard to the reservoir water balance,
particularly at larger reservoir sizes. Sensitivity analysis results were used
to develop a user-interface for the tool, Evaluating Drainage Water Recycling
Decisions (EDWRD).</p><p>This study shows that DWR is capable of providing both irrigation and water quality benefits in the tile-drained landscape of the U.S. Midwest. The developed modeling framework supports future research on the development of strategies to implement and manage DWR systems, and the online tool serves as a resource for users to increase their awareness and understanding of the potential benefits of this novel practice.</p><p></p>
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Water management effects on potato production and the environmentSatchithanantham, Sanjayan January 2012 (has links)
Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) were grown in a fine sandy loam soil in southern Manitoba in a three-year field study comparing four water management treatments: No Drainage with No Irrigation (NDNI), No Drainage with Overhead Irrigation (NDIR), Free Drainage with Overhead Irrigation (FDIR), and Controlled Drainage with Subirrigation (CDSI). The objectives of the study were (i) to evaluate the effect of the four treatments on yield and quality of potatoes, (ii) to evaluate the effect of water management on the environment, (iii) to estimate the shallow groundwater contribution to potato water requirement, and (iv) to simulate the shallow groundwater hydrology using the DRAINMOD and HYDRUS 1-D model. Subsurface drains were installed at 0.9 m depth and at spacings of 15 m (FDIR) and 8 m (CDSI). Subirrigation was done by pumping water back into the tiles through the drainage control structures. Overhead irrigation was carried out using a travelling gun. Water table depth, soil water content, drainage outflow, nutrient concentration in drainage water, irrigation rate, weather variables, potato yield and quality parameters, and biomass were measured. Compared to the NDNI treatment, the potato yield increase in the other treatments ranged between 15-32% in 2011 and 2-14% in 2012. In 2011, potato yield from FDIR was higher than CDSI (p = 0.011) and NDNI (p = 0.001), and yield from NDIR was higher than NDNI (p = 0.034). In 2012, potato yield was higher in FDIR in comparison to NDNI (p = 0.021). In 2012, the NDIR gave higher dark ends (p = 0.008) compared to other treatments. Under dry conditions, up to 92% of the potato crop water demand could be met by shallow groundwater contribution. Compared to free drainage, controlled drainage was able to lower the nitrate export by 98% (p = 0.033) in 2010 and by 67% (p = 0.076) in 2011, and the phosphate export decreased by 94% (p = 0.0117) in 2010. A major part of the drainage flow and nutrient export took place between April and June in southern Manitoba. DRAINMOD was able to accurately predict the shallow groundwater hydrology for this particular research site.
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Harmful Algal Blooms in Small Lakes: Causes, Health Risks, and Novel Exposure Prevention StrategiesMrdjen, Igor 28 September 2018 (has links)
No description available.
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Digital Soil Mapping of the Purdue Agronomy Center for Research and EducationShams R Rahmani (8300103) 07 May 2020 (has links)
This research work concentrate on developing digital soil maps to support field based plant phenotyping research. We have developed soil organic matter content (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), natural soil drainage class, and tile drainage line maps using topographic indices and aerial imagery. Various prediction models (universal kriging, cubist, random forest, C5.0, artificial neural network, and multinomial logistic regression) were used to estimate the soil properties of interest.
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