Texte remanié de: Habilitationsschrift--Fachbereich Evangelische Theologie--Frankfurt am Main--Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, 1997. / Bibliogr. p. 411-425. Index.

Doct. diss.--Department of Theology--Uppsala, 1987.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / The problem of this dissertation is to present a critical exposition of the place of reason in Paul Tillich's conception of God. A discussion of the definition of reason as well as the place of reason in man and in his knowledge of God is a prerequisite to the consideration of the central problem of the dissertation. Reason is defined in terms of its ontological and technical functions. Ontological reason is active in the awareness or intuition of God and the ideal norms of goodness, beauty and truth. Ontological reason functions to relate man to that which is ultimately real. Technical reason, on the other hand, functions to appropriate all knowledge, to organize all experience into a consistent unity. But it is the same reason which is active in each case. Man is a composite unity of form (reason) and vitality (power). In essence man is in unity with God, man's logos is united with God's logos. In his essential nature, then, man is united with God and there is no distinction between reason and revelation. But man is free as well as rational, and he exercises his freedom to act by acting partially against his logos. In so doing man comes into existence. Thus existential man is in partial separation from and partial union with God. In existence man's reason is "fallen," it does not perceive God with absolute clarity. But existential reason is not wholly depraved; it still has the capacity to apprehend the world meaningfully and to be aware of God. Indeed, reason is the common basis upon which communication between God and man is possible. Though reason cannot produce the experience of unity with God, reason performs the important functions of receiving, judging and appropriating revelation. [TRUNCATED]

No abstract available. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Church History and Church Policy / unrestricted

Zugl.: Marburg, Univ., Diss., 2008.

Permission from the author to digitize this work is pending. Please contact the ICS library if you would like to view this work.

The purpose of this essay is to analyse Søren Kierkegaard’s “Fear and Trembling”, Karl Jaspers “Philosophy of Existence” and Paul Tillichs “Systematic Theology part 2” on their stand on Christian existentialism. The method used in the analysis is Hermeneutic, which is a must, when reading and understanding these three philosophical works. The essay will also have a comparative approach to obtain depth in the conclusions. Another purpose is to link the conclusions of the essay to the school values and the school curriculum. The link will not be strong but a correlation will become visible. The conclusions of this essay will show that the three authors have similarities and differences. The three authors unite in the idea that the purpose of life is faith in the Christian God. But how to reach that faith differs; Kierkegaard writes that an infinite resignation is a must, so that faith in the absurd will bring you everything back. Jaspers writes that science is a mean to create a framework for every individual. The framework will give you a perception of existence but can’t be used to achieve Existenz. Existenz is the goal in the search for the truth of yourself and what being means. Tillich writes that the purpose of life is to return to your being of essence, which means how man was supposed to be before “the fall”. Tillich writes an ontological analysis of being.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University. / The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the relationship between art and religion as found int he thought of Jacques Maritain and Paul Tillich in order to throw light upon the problems of the emergence of tensions and conflicts when art and religion confront each other. Tillich and Maritain are considered separately in the first two parts; in the last part they are brought together for comparison and evaluation. Tillich's position is considered in relation to his notion of the symbol since it is this notion which permeates the whole of his thought and provides the key to his entire system. Religion provides the most significant meaning of, and types of, symbolism; art is one of the most illuminating of all cultural creations in providing insights into ultimate reality. Maritain's concept of art is related especially to his consideration of infused contemplation although other facets of religion are included. Infused contemplation and art are alike in their mode of knowledge (connaturality), superiority, self-sufficiency, and operation by love [TRUNCATED]

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University / The purpose of this thesis, as the title indicates, is to examine Tillich's concept of religious experience in the light of the phenomenological method. Tillich follows St. Augustine in his approach to the problem of the knowledge of God, believing that one finds clues to the basic nature of religious experience in man himself rather than in nature or by rational deduction. For Tillich the key question is not, "Does God exist?" but what does the experience of God mean in terms of finite human experience. To carry out his analysis of the ontological nature of human existence as finite and as raising the question of God (that which can account for the fact that despite all the threats to the contingent order, this order persists and therefore must be grounded on something non-contingent and unconditional) Tillich finds the phenomenological method a valuable tool. He does not accept this method uncritically though he is greatly indebted to Husserl and Heidegger. Tillich feels that if phenomenology is to be an adequate tool for theology, it must be "corrected" by reference to final revelation (the New Being in Christ) as the criterion of the type of experience that needs to be subjected to a phenomenological analysis. What Tillich finds missing in Husserl's approach is any recognition of the importance of the experience selected as normative. Not only must phenomenology describe meanings, it must also indicate where and to whom the experience has occurred. Nonetheless, before we can understand the particular approach Tillich takes, we must have a general knowledge of what the phenomenological movement is, especially as found in the writings of the two phenomenologists who directly influenced Tillich: Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger. Accordingly, the main body of the thesis begins with a chapter entitled "The Phenomenological Movement". This chapter begins with a general discussion of the principles and techniques of the phenomenological method. Here it is pointed out that one of the major tenets of the phenomenological method is to avoid pre-suppositional prejudices which would distort one's approach to the subject matter. The most common prejudice cited by the phenomenologists is that of the natural standpoint. This is discussed at some length by Husserl in Ideas as he wishes to point out that we do not primarily and basically experience the world as independent and "out there", somehow making impressions on a largely passive consciousness. Rather, our world is always permeated by certain valuations and perspective variations. This leads us to think that consciousness has a more active and formative role in the knowing process than common sense assumes. Therefore, to study objectively the world and thus make it possible for philosophy to be a "rigorous science" (Husserl), we must turn our gaze away from the natural objects to the structures of consciousness and concentrate on what it is that makes it possible for us to have the experiences that we do in the way that we do. In order to do this we must "bracket" (shut off) any references which assume the world as objectively given, and reduce what is presented to us until we are aware of their essences (what makes them what they are). One of the things we discover when we bracket the transcendent referents of consciousness (Husserl) is that we become aware that consciousness is intentional, i.e. it always has an object. In Heidegger, this concept is signifi• cant because it opens the possibility of discovering or becoming aware of Being, the goal of human existence and knowing. What intentionality reveals, for Heidegger, is the fundamental fact of the self's relatedness to the world. Man is Dasein, Being-in-the-world and an analysis of Being as manifest in this structure is our best means of access to the nature of Being. In Heidegger, then, phenomenology is changed from an abstract methodology (Husserl) to an existential hermeneutic. Tillich is indebted to both approaches. He is indebted to Husserl for his emphasis on the need to focus on what concepts mean, quite apart from their existential references, and he is indebted to Heidegger for his concept of phenomenology as the means by which one can discover Being (God in religious terms) as manifest in the human self. Therefore, the relation between Tillich and the phenomenologists is very close at key points. For example, Tillich's concern for the meaning of religious statements involves a bracketing of such questions as ''Does God exist?" which involve the "natural standpoint" assumption that there is a being "God", 'out there' somewhere and to whom one may choose to be related or not, or about whose existence one may argue. Tillich points out that unless what is meant by the word "God" is somehow present to man even in the very asking of the question and unless the question deals with a matter of threatening or saving one's being, we are not really dealing with a religious question at all. Granted that the experience of God is a reality to man before he becomes aware of it and makes explicit the question of God, how should we proceed to discover this fact? How may the "hidden" God of our experience be brought to awareness? Here Tillich relies on Heidegger and the use of phenomenology as an existential hermeneutic. If God is present to man even in his pre-reflective experience, and if what is meant by "God" is the Being or Reality which sustains the finite order and gives meaning to human life, then the kind of approach that must be taken is to analyze human experience in the attempt to see what is really given in that experience. What Tillich finds explicitly as the result of his ontological investigation by means of the phenomenological method is the amazing fact that despite the contingency and threat of nonbeing, experienced as anxiety, man still exists and can affirm his being. How is this possible? Only because, says Tillich, man experiences an unconditional power which gives him the courage to be and this power of being is what is meant by and pointed to by the religious symbol "God".

李駿康. / "2004年6月". / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2004. / 參考文獻 (p. 158-170) / 附中英文摘要. / "2004 nian 6 yue". / Li Junkang. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2004. / Can kao wen xian (p. 158-170) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 第一章： --- 導言 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二章： --- ：蒂利希宗教社會主義思想的背景 --- p.5 / Chapter I) --- 引言 --- p.5 / Chapter II) --- 社會及生平背景 --- p.6 / Chapter (a) --- 1914 以前 --- p.6 / Chapter (b) --- 1914-1918 --- p.9 / Chapter (c) --- 1919-1925 --- p.12 / Chapter (d) --- 1925-1933 --- p.15 / Chapter III) --- 小結 --- p.20 / Chapter IV) --- 思想源頭 --- p.21 / Chapter (a) --- 「凱邏斯圈」 --- p.21 / Chapter (b) --- 特洛爾奇與韋伯 --- p.23 / Chapter (c) --- 法蘭克福學派 --- p.28 / Chapter V) --- 總結 --- p.31 / Chapter 第三章： --- 1933年前蒂利希的宗教社會主義 --- p.32 / Chapter I) --- 引言 --- p.32 / Chapter II) --- 文化神學 --- p.32 / Chapter III) --- 宗教社會主義 --- p.42 / Chapter (A) --- 社會主_克思主義共產主義 --- p.43 / Chapter (B) --- 對資本主義的批判 --- p.46 / Chapter (C) --- 「凱邏斯」 --- p.49 / Chapter (D) --- 神律 --- p.54 / Chapter (E) --- 魔魅 --- p.58 / Chapter (F) --- 宗教社會主義原則 --- p.61 / Chapter (G) --- 社會主義的抉擇 --- p.67 / Chapter IV) --- 宗教社會主義的分析和轉向 --- p.72 / Chapter V) --- 總結 --- p.80 / Chapter 第四章： --- 1933年後蒂利希的宗教社會主義 --- p.81 / Chapter I) --- 引言 --- p.81 / Chapter II) --- 1933年後的行動與論著 --- p.82 / Chapter III) --- 文化神學與宗教社會主義 --- p.92 / Chapter IV) --- 後期思想與宗教社會主義 --- p.96 / Chapter (A) --- 愛、力量與公義 --- p.97 / Chapter (B) --- 意識形態與偶像崇拜 --- p.100 / Chapter (C) --- 教會觀 --- p.104 / Chapter (D) --- 上帝國 --- p.109 / Chapter V) --- 總結 --- p.116 / Chapter 第五章： --- 蒂利希的宗教社會主義與現代處境 --- p.117 / Chapter I) --- 引言 --- p.117 / Chapter II) --- 全球的處境 --- p.118 / Chapter III) --- 中國處境 --- p.131 / Chapter IV) --- 香港處境 --- p.144 / Chapter V) --- 結論 --- p.156 / Chapter 第六章： --- 總結 --- p.157 / Chapter 第七章： --- 參考書目 --- p.158 / Chapter I) --- 蒂利希的著作 --- p.158 / Chapter II) --- 硏究蒂利希的著作 --- p.162 / Chapter III) --- 其他參考文獻 --- p.165 / Chapter IV) --- 報刊 --- p.170