Reviews summarizing hundreds of studies cite Parent Management Training (PMT) and Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy (CBT) as some of the most effective interventions for aggressive youth (e.g., Brestan and Eyberg, 1998). However, variability in outcomes persists, and we have yet to understand why certain interventions only produce behaviour change in some children. Using a clinical sample of 57 children (53 boys, 4 girls) and their mothers enrolled in a combined PMT/CBT program, the current study examined the relation between changes in real-time parent-child interactions, and children’s externalizing outcomes from pre- to post-treatment. Results showed that dyads who were regulated in their interactions over time reported greater reductions in externalizing symptoms from pre- to post-treatment compared to dysregulated dyads. Changes in mean levels of affective content (e.g., negativity) were not associated with aggressive outcomes. Findings suggest that dyadic regulation may be an important process associated with treatment success for aggressive youth.

Reviews summarizing hundreds of studies cite Parent Management Training (PMT) and Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy (CBT) as some of the most effective interventions for aggressive youth (e.g., Brestan and Eyberg, 1998). However, variability in outcomes persists, and we have yet to understand why certain interventions only produce behaviour change in some children. Using a clinical sample of 57 children (53 boys, 4 girls) and their mothers enrolled in a combined PMT/CBT program, the current study examined the relation between changes in real-time parent-child interactions, and children’s externalizing outcomes from pre- to post-treatment. Results showed that dyads who were regulated in their interactions over time reported greater reductions in externalizing symptoms from pre- to post-treatment compared to dysregulated dyads. Changes in mean levels of affective content (e.g., negativity) were not associated with aggressive outcomes. Findings suggest that dyadic regulation may be an important process associated with treatment success for aggressive youth.

Les interactions sont partout : il peut s'agir de contacts entre individus, d'emails, d'appels téléphoniques, de trafic IP, d'achats en ligne, d'exécution de code, etc. Les interactions peuvent être dirigées, pondérées, enrichies d'informations supplémentaires, cependant, dans tous les cas, une interaction signifie que deux entités u et v ont interagi du temps b au temps e : par exemple, deux individus u et v se rencontrent du temps b au temps e, deux machines sur un réseau démarrent une session IP du temps b au temps e, deux personnes u et v se téléphonent du temps b au temps e, etc.Dans cette thèse, nous explorons une nouvelle approche visant à modéliser les interactions directement comme des flots de liens, c'est-à-dire des séquences de quadruplets (b,e,u,v) signifiant que u et v ont interagi du temps b au temps e. Nous posons les fondations du formalisme correspondant. Afin de valider notre travail théorique, nous nous concentrons sur l'analyse de trafic IP. Il est en effet crucial pour nous d'effectuer des aller-retours constants entre théorie et pratique : les cas pratiques doivent nourrir notre réflexion théorique, et, en retour, les outils formels doivent être conçus de façon à être appliqués de la manière la plus générale.Nous appliquons notre formalisme à l'analyse de trafic IP, dans le but de valider la pertinence de notre formalisme for l'analyse de trafic IP, ainsi que comme méthodologie de détection d'événements. Nous élaborons une méthode permettant d'identifier des événements recouvrant plusieurs échelles de temps, et l'appliquons à une trace de trafic issue du jeu de données MAWI. / Interactions are everywhere: in the contexts of face-to-face contacts, emails, phone calls, IP traffic, online purchases, running code, and many others. Interactions may be directed, weighted, enriched with supplementary information, yet the baseline remains: in all cases, an interaction means that two entities u and v interact together from time b to time e: for instance, two individuals u and v meet from time b to time e, two machines on a network start an IP session from time b to time e, two persons u and v phone each other from time b to time e, and so on.In this thesis, we explore a new approach consisting in modelling interactions directly as link streams, i.e. series of quadruplets ( b, e, u, v ) meaning that u and v interacted from time b to time e, and we develop the basis of the corresponding formalism. In order to guide and assess this fundamental work, we focus on the analysis of IP traffic. It is particularly important to us that we make both fundamental and applied progress: application cases should feed our theoretical thoughts, and formal tools are designed to have meaning on application cases in the most general way.We apply our framework to the analysis of IP traffic, with the aim of assessing the relevance of link streams for describing IP traffic as well as finding events inside the traffic. We devise a method to identify events at different scales, and apply it to a trace of traffic from the MAWI dataset.