Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnitaML_TESE.pdf: 2153007 bytes, checksum: 4498269ecb21fd44cb7474c6b79c7b7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The development of research that aim to reduce or even eliminate the environmental impacts provided by anthropogenic actions. One of these main action is the discard of industrial waste in the biotic compartments such as soil, water and air, gained more space in academic settings and in private. A technique of phytoremediation involving the use of plants (trees, shrubs, creepers and aquatic) and their associated microorganisms in order to remove, degrade or isolate toxic substances to the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the potential for phytoremediation of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), wild crops suitable region of Rio Grande do Norte, to reduce concentrations of lead and toluene present in synthetic wastewater that simulate the characteristics of treated water production originated in the petrochemical Guamar?. The experiment was accomplished in randomized blocks in four replicates. Seeds of BRS Energy for the development of seedlings of castor beans and sunflower for Catissol 01, both provided by EMPARN (Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu?ria do Rio Grande do Norte) were used. Lead concentrations tested were 250, 500 and 1000 mg/L called T2, T3 and T4, respectively, for toluene the concentrations used were 125, 256 and 501 μg/L, called T5, T6 and T7, respectively. The data for removal of lead in relation to sewage systems applied in castor bean and sunflower were 43.89 and 51.85% (T2), 73.60 and 73.74% (T3) and 85.66 and 87.80 % (T4), respectively, and toluene were approximately 52.12 and 25.54% (T5), 55.10 and 58.05% (T6) and 79.77 and 74.76% (T7) for castor and sunflower seeds, respectively. From the data obtained, it can be deduce that mechanisms involved in reducing the contaminants were of phytoextraction, in relation to lead and phytodegradation for toluene. However, it can be concluded that the castor bean and sunflower crops can be used in exhaust after-treatment of industrial effluents that have this type of contaminant / O desenvolvimento de pesquisas que visam atenuar ou at? mesmo eliminar os impactos ambientais proporcionados pelas a??es antropog?nicas, sobretudo pelo reflexo direto dos res?duos industriais nos compartimentos bi?ticos como solo, ?gua e ar, ganharam maior espa?o nos ambientes acad?micos e na iniciativa privada. Uma t?cnica de remedia??o natural ? a fitorremedia??o que consiste na utiliza??o de vegetais (?rvores, arbustos, plantas rasteiras e aqu?ticas) e de sua microbiota associada com o fim de remover, degradar ou isolar subst?ncias t?xicas ao ambiente. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial fitorremediador da mamona (Ricinus communis L) e girassol (Helianthus annuus L), culturas adaptadas da regi?o agreste do Rio Grande do Norte, quanto ? redu??o das concentra??es de chumbo e tolueno presentes em efluentes sint?ticos que simulam as caracter?sticas da ?gua de produ??o tratada originada no p?lo petroqu?mico de Guamar?. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados em 4 r?plicas. Foram utilizadas sementes da variedade BRS Energia para o desenvolvimento das mudas de mamona e Catissol 01 para o girassol, ambas cedidas pela EMPARN (Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu?ria do Rio Grande do Norte). As concentra??es de chumbo testadas foram 250, 500 e 1000 mg/L denominados de T2, T3 e T4, respectivamente, para o tolueno as concentra??es utilizadas foram 125, 256 e 501 μg/L, denominadas de T5, T6 e T7, respectivamente. Os dados obtidos para remo??o de chumbo em rela??o ao efluente aplicado nos sistemas mamona e girassol foram de 43,89 e 51,85 % (T2), 73,60 e 73,74% (T3) e 85,66 e 87,80% (T4), respectivamente, e para o tolueno foram aproximadamente 52,12e 25,54% (T5), 55,10 e 58,05% (T6) e 79,77 e 74,76% (T7), para mamona e girassol, respectivamente. A partir dos dados obtidos pode-se inferir que mecanismos envolvidos na redu??o dos contaminantes foram o da fitoextra??o, com rela??o ao chumbo e fitodegrada??o para o tolueno. Contudo podese concluir que as culturas mamona e girassol podem ser utilizadas em sistemas de p?stratamento de efluentes industriais que apresentem este tipo de contaminante