Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1925. / Biographical. Bibliography: p. [34].

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1927.

Objective: To study the accuracy and value of immediate wet preparation (WP) procedure on effusion and washing cytologic specimens. Study Design: Two hundred specimens were identified over 3 months in our cytology laboratory, including 102 pleural effusion, 59 peritoneal effusion, 28 pelvic washing and 11 pericardial fluid specimens. WP slides were prepared, stained with toluidine blue (TB) and evaluated. Findings were reported as negative, suspicious or positive for malignant cells. For negative specimens, the remaining prepared slides were stained together. For suspicious or positive interpretation, slides were stained separately. Accuracy and additional benefits from this immediate triage step were studied. Results: Interpretation of slides resulted in 152 negative, 34 positive and 14 suspicious for malignancy. Analysis for additional values resulted in immediate interpretation relayed to clinicians, additional fluid centrifuged for adequate sediment in samples with scant cellularity, selection of bloody specimens for acid washing procedures, selection of cases to optimize cell block preparation when pivotal histologic evaluation or immunohistochemistry was anticipated and selection of cases for potentially needed ancillary studies. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were high. Conclusion: WP using the TB is accurate, sensitive and highly specific and has considerable value beyond segregating potential neoplastic cases.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Full text release at OhioLINK's ETD Center delayed at author's request

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Submitted by Izabella Pazzoto Alves null (izapazzoto@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-29T18:48:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mestrado - Alves, IP 2017.pdf: 1322169 bytes, checksum: 9b200f325b4ed42b13b4e4aafcd85329 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-03-30T18:04:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 alves_ip_me_jabo.pdf: 1322169 bytes, checksum: 9b200f325b4ed42b13b4e4aafcd85329 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-30T18:04:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 alves_ip_me_jabo.pdf: 1322169 bytes, checksum: 9b200f325b4ed42b13b4e4aafcd85329 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A avaliação de espermatozoides em tecnologias de reprodução assistida raramente analisa a integridade do DNA, crucial para o desenvolvimento embrionário. A técnica do azul de toluidina permite identificar alterações da cromatina com avaliação concomitante da morfometria espermática. O método foi descrito em diversas espécies, mas ao conhecimento dos autores, ainda não foi relatado em gatos. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a aplicabilidade da técnica de coloração de azul de toluidina em avaliar as anormalidades de DNA de espermatozoides epididimários (cabeça, corpo e cauda) de gatos. Investigar ainda se houve correlação entre as variáveis: condensação do DNA, morfologia e morfometria da cabeça espermática. Para este propósito, os índices de alteração de DNA obtidos pela técnica de azul de toluidina e laranja de acridina foram comparados, observando correlação de 65,38% (p<0,001). A estabilidade da cromatina aumentou significativamente da região da cabeça (92,06%) do epidídimo para a cauda (97,94%, p=0,0023), mas não houve diferença entre as regiões do corpo e da cauda, demonstrando que os espermatozoides provenientes destas regiões já possuem maturidade reprodutiva. Não houve correlação entre a anormalidade do DNA e a morfologia espermática como nas demais espécies, mas sim com a morfometria. Observou-se diminuição significativa do tamanho da cabeça do espermatozoide durante a passagem pelas três regiões epididimárias (p < 0,0001). A porcentagem de espermatozoides com cromatina descondensada diminuiu significativamente da região da cabeça até a cauda do epidídimo (26,36%, 15,69%, 3,38%, respectivamente, p<0,0001). Assim, concluímos que existe correlação entre área da cabeça do espermatozoide felino e condensação da cromatina. / Sperm selection in assisted reproductive technologies rarely evaluates the DNA integrity, which is crucial to the embryo’s development. The toluidine blue technique allows identification of chromatin alterations, simultaneously with evaluation of sperm morphometry. The method has been described in many species, but to the authors’ knowledge, it has yet to be described in cats. The objective of this study was to verify the applicability of the toluidine blue technique in analyzing DNA abnormalities of epididymal sperm (caput, corpus and cauda) in cats and further investigating if there was correlation between the variables: DNA condensation, morphology and morphometry of the sperm head. For this purpose, the DNA alteration indexes obtained by both toluidine blue and acridine orange techniques were compared and a 65.38% (p < 0.001) correlation was observed. The chromatin stability increased significantly in the head region of the epididymis (92.06%) in relation to the cauda (97.94%, p = 0.0023), however there was no difference between the caput and cauda regions, which demonstrates that sperm coming from these region are already mature. There was no correlation between the DNA abnormality and the sperm morphology as observed in other species, however there was correlation to morphometry. A significant decrease of the sperm head size was observed during the passage of the three epididymal regions (p < 0.0001). The percentage of sperm with deficient chromatin condensation decreased significantly from caput region to cauda of the epididymis (26.36%, 15.69%, 3.38%, respectively, p < 0.0001). Therefore, the evaluation of sperm head size can predict the quality of chromatin condensation.

The following work examines the hydrogenation of p-nitrotoluene in the liquid phase and the partial hydrogenation of acroleine in the gas phase. For both reactions a microchannel reactor (MCR) with catalytically active walls and fixed bed catalysts have been prepared and applicated. In case of the hydrogenation of p-nitrotoluene using the MCR the aim was to prepare a catalytically active wall coating. To achieve this the inner surface of the MCR was anodically oxidized and followed by a deposition of palladium in the resulting oxide layer by means of electrochemical and wetchemical reduction. The resulting coating was modified by promoting it with lanthane. The maximum space time yield of p-toluidine was 7 mols per liter and hour. This is significantly more than the state-of-the-art today which is limited by heat transfer and enables a space time yield in the range of 0.15 to 1.5 mol per liter and hour. Thus, the MCR could be profitably used for this reaction. In case of the partial hydrogenation of acroleine with allyl alcohol as the desired product silver based real and model catalysts have been used. The aim was to identify correlations between the chosen catalyst support and immobilization procedure on one side and the catalytical properties of the resulting catalyst on the other. Aluminum and silicon dioxide have been used as catalyst support. The catalytically active component silver was deposited using conventional wet impregnation procedures as well as electrochemical silver deposition and sputtering of silver. It was possible to discriminate between effects due to the choice of the support material and effects due to the choice of the immobilization procedure. For this reaction, the MCR could not be used profitably. / In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Hydrierung von p-Nitrotoluol in der Flüssigphase und die partielle Hydrierung von Acrolein in der Gasphase untersucht. Für beide Reaktionen wurden Mikrostrukturreaktoren (MSR) mit katalytisch aktiven Wänden sowie Schüttgutkatalysatoren präpariert und eingesetzt. Im Fall der Hydrierung von p-Nitrotoluol im MSR bestand das Ziel in der Präparation einer geeigneten katalytisch aktiven Wandbeschichtung. Dazu wurde die innere Oberfläche des MSR anodisch oxidiert und in der resultierenden Oxidschicht Palladium durch elektrochemische und nasschemische Reduktion abgeschieden. Modifiziert wurden die erhaltenen Beschichtungen durch Lanthanpromotierung. Es wurde eine maximale Raumzeitausbeute an p-Toluidin im MSR von 7 mol pro Liter und Stunde erreicht. Dies ist deutlich höher als der durch die Grenzen des Wärmetransportes limitierte Stand der Technik, der für konventionelle Rührkesselreaktoren im Bereich von 0,15 bis 1,5 mol pro Liter und Stunde liegt. Der MSR konnte damit gewinnbringend für diese Reaktion eingesetzt werden. Für die Hydrierung von Acrolein mit dem Zielprodukt Allylalkohol wurden auf Silber basierende reale und Modellkatalysatoren eingesetzt. Ziel war es, Zusammenhänge zu finden zwischen der Wahl des Katalysatorträgers und der Techniken zur Silberimmobilisierung auf der einen Seite und den katalytischen Eigenschaften des resultierenden Katalysators auf der anderen. Als Trägermaterialien wurden Aluminium und Siliziumdioxid verwendet. Die Aktivkomponente Silber wurde konventionell nasschemisch, elektrochemisch und durch Sputtern abgeschieden. Einflüsse des Trägermaterials auf Aktivität und Selektivität des Katalysators konnten deutlich von den Einflüssen der verschiedenen Techniken der Silberimmobilisierung unterschieden werden. Der Mikrostrukturreaktor konnte für diese Reaktion nicht gewinnbringend eingesetzt werden.

Šiame darbe naudojamas Epsilon potenciastato modelis, sujungtas su Epsilon EC-2000-XP(Ver. 1.40.67_NT) programa ir kompiuteriu. Tyrimo metu naudojama trijų elektrodų celė. Darbiniu ir pagalbiniu elektrodais naudojami platinos elektrodas. Palyginamuoju naudojamas Ag/AgCl/KClsot elektrodas. Visos potencialų vertės nurodomos palyginamojo elektrodo atžvilgiu. POT sluoksnis nusodintas potenciostatiniu ir potenciodinaminiu būdu ant platinos elektrodo, keičiant eksperimento sąlygas. Potenciodinaminiai dengimo matavimai atlikti keičiant elektrodo potencialą nuo -0,1V iki 1,0V ir nuo -0,1V iki 1,2V. Dengiant Pt elektrodą buvo atliekama 10 arba 20 ciklų. Potencialo skleidimo greitis – 10, 20, 50 ir 100 mV/s. Potenciostatiniai dengimo matavimai atlikti esant pastoviam potencialui Econst 0,9V, 1,0V ir 1,2V ir dengimo laikui (tdeng) 1, 3 arba 5 minutės. Poli(o-metilanilinu) modifikuoti elektrodai gali būti naudojami askorbo rūgšties analizei tirpaluose, kurių pH 5,5. Askorbo rūgšties koncentracijų intervale nuo 0,1mM iki 1mM gaunama tiesinė oksidacijos ribinių srovių priklausomybė nuo koncentracijos, jei askorbo rūgšties matavimai atliekami potenciostatinėmis sąlygomis. Žemiausia askorbo rūgšties nustatymo riba – 0,1mM. / The Epsilon potentiometer model combined with a PC running Epsilon EC-2000-XP (Ver. 1.40.67_NT) software was used in these theses. During the research, a three-electrode cell was used. A platinum electrode was utilised as the working and auxiliary electrode. An Ag/AgCl/KClsot electrode was used as reference electrode. All values of the potentials refer to this electrode. An POT layer was deposited under potentiostatic or potentiodynamic conditions on platinum electrode by varying parameters of the experiment. Potentiodynamic polymer formation measurements were performed by alternating the electrode potential from 0.1V to 1.0V and from 0.1V to 1.2V. When modifying Pt electrode, 10 or 20 potential cycles were performed. The potential scan rate was 10, 20, 50, and 100 mV/s. Potentiostatic polymer formation measurements were performed under the constant potential Econst 0.9V, 1.0V, and 1.2V, and the time of coating (tcoating) was 1, 3 or 5 minutes. Poly (o-methylaniline) modified electrodes can be used for the analysis of ascorbic acid in solutions with pH values 5,5. Within the concentration interval of ascorbic acid between 0,1mM and 1mM, a linear dependence between oxidation limit currents and concentration was observed when ascorbic acid measurements were carried out potentiostatic conditions. The lowest sensing limit of ascorbic acid was 0,1mM.

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio (fiscina@bahia.fiocruz.br) on 2015-09-29T16:35:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson F. Suzart Miranda ...2015.pdf: 1366998 bytes, checksum: 77aaca114530e82c696b0330413431a9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio (fiscina@bahia.fiocruz.br) on 2015-09-29T16:35:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson F. Suzart Miranda ...2015.pdf: 1366998 bytes, checksum: 77aaca114530e82c696b0330413431a9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-29T16:35:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson F. Suzart Miranda ...2015.pdf: 1366998 bytes, checksum: 77aaca114530e82c696b0330413431a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / O câncer é considerado a segunda maior causa de morte em países ocidentais. Nos Estados Unidos da América (EUA) as mortes por câncer anualmente superam a soma das mortes provocadas em guerras como Vietnã, Coreia e as Grandes Guerras Mundiais. Apresentando-se como a mais agressiva das neoplasias dermatológicas, o melanoma cutâneo está associado à cerca de 75% das causas de morte por câncer de pele. Um dos tratamentos estudados para aplicação em pacientes com esta e outras patologias é a Terapia Fotodinâmica (TFD), que é baseada no uso de corantes de baixa toxicidade, que tem seletividade por alguns tecidos ou células e quando ativados por baixas doses de luz visível induzam alterações celulares como a produção ERO. Os fenotiazínicos são moléculas catiônicas com, absorção de luz na região entre 620-660nm, espectro que permite maior penetração nos tecidos, promovendo maior ação do composto em tecidos mais profundos. A irradiação foi feita com luz lazer com λ= 660nm, com potência de 100 mW, densidade de energia de 150 J/cm2 por 1 min. As quantificações de viabilidade celular foram feitas por método colorimétrico, e realizada a leitura em leitor de microplaca a 655 nm. A determinação das IC50 do Azul de Metileno e Azul de Toluidina O foi 2,5 μM e 8,4 μM, respectivamente. Utilizando a TFD observamos que os efeitos citotóxicos dos compostos fenotiazínicos apresentam significância estatística (p<0,05) tanto em AM quanto em ATO. Em microscopia óptica com coloração por May-Grunwald-Giemsa observamos que existe uma aparente diminuição do conteúdo citoplasmático e preservação nuclear nas células tratadas com TFD, além da diminuição da quantidade de células por campo. A avaliação ultraestrutural por Microscopia de varredura mostra células com visível extração citoplasmática após a TFD, apontando uma lesão membranar. Novas avaliações precisam ser feitas como estabelecer um melhor protocolo para aumentar os efeitos da TFD. / Cancer is considered the second leading cause of death in Western countries. In the United States of America (USA) cancer deaths annually exceed the total of deaths in wars like Vietnam, Korea and the Great World Wars. Presenting as the most aggressive of the skin neoplasms, cutaneous melanoma is associated with circa 75% of the deaths from skin cancer. One of the therapies used in patients with melanoma and other pathologies is Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), which is based upon the use of dyes of low toxicity, which has selectivity for certain tissues or cells and low doses when activated by visible light induce cellular changes such as ROS production. The phenothiazic dyes are cationic molecules, absorption of light in the region between 620-660 nm, allowing greater spectrum tissue penetration, promoting higher activity of the compound in deeper tissues. The irradiation was performed with laser light with λ = 660 nm with 100 mW, energy density of 150 J/cm2 for 1 min. Quantification of cell viability was performed by the colorimetric method, and performed a reading in a microplate reader at 655nm. Determination of IC50 of Methylene Blue and Toluidine Blue O was 2.5 μM and 8.4 μM respectively. Using the protocol of PDT observed that there is one of the cytotoxic effects of phenothiazine compounds with statistical significance (p <0.05) in both MB and in TBO. Through optical microscopy by staining with fast Panotic was observed that there is an apparent decrease in the cytoplasm in cells treated with MB and TBO as well as reduced number of cells per field. The Scanning Electron Microscopy, shows cells with cytoplasm extraction, after PDT, indicated possibility, membrane damage. New assessments need to be made to establish a better protocol to potentiate the effects of PDT.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:46:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:04:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 07496.pdf: 4298184 bytes, checksum: 0ea1a09cef64fb7f7cb7c36f765c879b (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado Profissionalizante Lasers em Odontologia)) / IPEN/D-MPLO / Intituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP; Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo