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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Um método numérico para o tratamento de mudanças topológicas em escoamentos viscoelásticos com superfície livre / A numerical method for the treatment of topological changes in viscoelastic free surface flows

França, Hugo Leonardo 10 September 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Hugo Leonardo França (franca.hugo1@gmail.com) on 2018-10-04T18:04:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao-HugoFranca.pdf: 3793817 bytes, checksum: 12fb2ae28a169e9a5f6d50a5bce46b71 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ALESSANDRA KUBA OSHIRO ASSUNÇÃO (alessandra@fct.unesp.br) on 2018-10-04T18:51:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 franca_hl_me_prud.pdf: 3820297 bytes, checksum: dafdb7b68a6401f200440004051ffa37 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-04T18:51:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 franca_hl_me_prud.pdf: 3820297 bytes, checksum: dafdb7b68a6401f200440004051ffa37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-10 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Neste trabalho é apresentado o estudo de um método numérico para resolver as equações de Navier-Stokes incompressíveis em escoamentos que possuem superfícies livres e mudanças topológicas. As equações governantes são resolvidas por um método de projeção que desacopla as incógnitas velocidade e pressão. A discretização é feita através de aproximações por diferenças finitas aplicadas a uma malha computacional não-uniforme. O método numérico é aplicado para a solução de problemas envolvendo fluidos Newtonianos e não-Newtonianos. Em particular, os efeitos viscoelásticos são descritos pelo modelo Oldroyd-B, utilizando a formulação Cartesiana clássica e uma forma alternativa para a decomposição da parte polimérica do tensor tensão extra. Esta estratégia alternativa de decomposição, conhecida como Formulação Tensão Natural, é muito atual e resultados numéricos são originalmente discutidos neste trabalho. O novo código com malha nãouniforme é testado nos seguintes problemas: escoamento na cavidade (lid-driven cavity), escoamento no cross-slot, e escoamento no canal com contração. A representação da superfície livre é feita através do método Front-Tracking, que descreve a interface de forma explícita através de partículas marcadoras. O algoritmo de mudanças topológicas é baseado em uma técnica que detecta e desfaz embaraçamentos presentes na interface. Este algoritmo é testado em simulações numéricas como: o impacto entre uma gota e uma camada de fluido, o impacto entre gotas e uma parede rígida, e o alongamento de um jato pela tensão superficial. / This work presents the study of a numerical method for solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations for free-surface flows that undergo topological changes. The governing equations are solved through a projection method that decouples the velocity and pressure fields. The discretization is performed via finite differences approximations applied to a non-uniform mesh. The numerical scheme is applied for solving Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid flows. In particular, the viscoelastic effects are described by the Oldroyd-B model, using the classic Cartesian formulation and also an alternative approach for the decomposition of the polimeric part of the extra stress tensor. This alternative decomposition strategy is known as Natural Stress Formulation, and numerical results are originally discussed in this work. The new code with a non-uniform mesh is tested in the following problems: the lid-driven cavity, the cross-slot problem, and the flow through a channel with contraction. In order to represent the free-surface, a Front-Tracking method that describes the interface explicitly using marker particles is used. The algorithm for topological changes is based in a technique that detects when the interface is tangled and untangles it. This algorithm is tested in numerical simulations such as: the impact between a drop and a layer of fluid, the impact between drops and a solid wall, and the jetting break-up process under the effect of surface tension. / FAPESP: 2016/00456-2
2

Topological changes in simulations of deformable objects / Changements topologiques pour la simulation d'objets déformables

Paulus, Christoph Joachim 03 April 2017 (has links)
La découpe virtuelle d'objets déformables est au coeur de nombreuses applications pour la simulation interactive. Nous présentons un nouvel algorithme de remaillage permettant la simulation de découpes avec la méthode des éléments finis. Nous avons combiné notre algorithme avec la méthode du «snapping» déplaçant les noeuds la surface de coupe, pour des tétradres linéaires. Notre approche permet de maîtriser le nombre de noeuds et de la qualité numérique du maillage durant les coupes. Elle donne des résultats similaires pour les fonctions de forme quadratiques. Dans ce cadre, nous avons évalué le «snapping» pour simuler la fracture de surfaces triangulées. Nous avons appliqué nos résultats en 3D pour l'assistance aux gestes chirurgicaux, en étant les premiers présenter des résultats sur la détection de déchirures dans un flux vidéo monoculaire. La robustesse de notre algorithme et l'augmentation des structures internes des organes. / Virtual cutting of deformable objects is at the core of many applications in interactive simulation for computational medicine. We present a new remeshing algorithm simulating cuts based on the finite element method. For tetrahedral elements with linear shape tunctions, we combined our algorithm with the movement of the nodes on the cutting surface, called snapping. Our approach shows benefits when evaluating the impact of cuts on the number of nodes and the numerical quality of the mesh. The remeshing algorithm yields similar results for quadratic elements. However, the snapping of nodes entails higher challenges and has been evaluated on triangular elements, simulating fractures. For augmented reality applications, we are the first to present results on the detection of fractures, tearing and cutting from a monocular video stream. Examples in different contexts show the robustness of our algorithm and the augmentation of internai organ structures highlights the clinical interest.

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