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DETA! O yokai e as transformações das criaturas sobrenaturais japonesas / DETA! The yokai and the transformations of supernatural Japanese creaturesWanderley, Aline Majuri 09 August 2013 (has links)
Yokai é a designação comumente aplicada para nomear seres sobrenaturais como oni (ogro japonês), kappa (espécie de ser aquático), criados pelos homens para explicar fenômenos desconhecidos à sua volta, como epidemias e desastres naturais; dessa maneira, eventos nocivos ao ser humano tomaram a forma do yokai. Hoje, essas criaturas estão presentes no imaginário japonês sob a condição de personagens de anime (denominação das animações japonesas), mangá (histórias em quadrinhos nipônicas), games expressões modernas da cultura popular do Japão. A presente pesquisa buscou trilhar o caminho percorrido por esses seres até alcançarem o status de yokai-personagem. Os estudos concentraram-se nas principais representações dos ykai nas Época Heian (794-1192), Época Muromachi (1333-1573) e Época Edo (1603-1867), pois foi quando se verificou importantes mudanças nas expressões dessas criaturas, até culminar nos personagens criados pelo artista de mangá Mizuki Shigeru (1922- ), responsável por introduzir o yokai no imaginário nacional japonês no século XX. Pesquisas acadêmicas em língua portuguesa que tomam o yokai como objeto são escassas. Esperamos com esse estudo, apresentar essas criaturas na academia, e inseri-las no contexto acadêmico, despertando, quem sabe, interesse para futuros projetos. / Yokai is the designation commonly used to name supernatural beings as oni ( the Japanese ogre), kappa (a kind of aquatic being), created by men to explain the unknown phenomena around them like epidemics and natural disasters; this way, damaging events to men turned into a Yokai format. Nowadays these creatures are presented in the Japanese imaginary as an anime character (name given to Japanese animations), mangá (Japanese comics), games modern expressions of the popular culture of Japan. The goal of this research sought to trace the course made by these beings until they reached the yokai character status. The studies focused on the main representations of the yokai in the Heian Period (794-1192), in the Muromachi Period (1333-1573) and in the Edo Period (1603-1867), when several and important changes were perceived in the expression of these creatures until they culminated in characters created by the mangá artist Mizuki Shigeru (1922- ), responsible for introducing the ykai in the Japanese national imaginary world in the XX century. Academic research in the Portuguese language about the yokai is scarce. We expect with this study to present these creatures to the Academy and insert them in the academic context, awaking peoples interest for future projects.
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DETA! O yokai e as transformações das criaturas sobrenaturais japonesas / DETA! The yokai and the transformations of supernatural Japanese creaturesAline Majuri Wanderley 09 August 2013 (has links)
Yokai é a designação comumente aplicada para nomear seres sobrenaturais como oni (ogro japonês), kappa (espécie de ser aquático), criados pelos homens para explicar fenômenos desconhecidos à sua volta, como epidemias e desastres naturais; dessa maneira, eventos nocivos ao ser humano tomaram a forma do yokai. Hoje, essas criaturas estão presentes no imaginário japonês sob a condição de personagens de anime (denominação das animações japonesas), mangá (histórias em quadrinhos nipônicas), games expressões modernas da cultura popular do Japão. A presente pesquisa buscou trilhar o caminho percorrido por esses seres até alcançarem o status de yokai-personagem. Os estudos concentraram-se nas principais representações dos ykai nas Época Heian (794-1192), Época Muromachi (1333-1573) e Época Edo (1603-1867), pois foi quando se verificou importantes mudanças nas expressões dessas criaturas, até culminar nos personagens criados pelo artista de mangá Mizuki Shigeru (1922- ), responsável por introduzir o yokai no imaginário nacional japonês no século XX. Pesquisas acadêmicas em língua portuguesa que tomam o yokai como objeto são escassas. Esperamos com esse estudo, apresentar essas criaturas na academia, e inseri-las no contexto acadêmico, despertando, quem sabe, interesse para futuros projetos. / Yokai is the designation commonly used to name supernatural beings as oni ( the Japanese ogre), kappa (a kind of aquatic being), created by men to explain the unknown phenomena around them like epidemics and natural disasters; this way, damaging events to men turned into a Yokai format. Nowadays these creatures are presented in the Japanese imaginary as an anime character (name given to Japanese animations), mangá (Japanese comics), games modern expressions of the popular culture of Japan. The goal of this research sought to trace the course made by these beings until they reached the yokai character status. The studies focused on the main representations of the yokai in the Heian Period (794-1192), in the Muromachi Period (1333-1573) and in the Edo Period (1603-1867), when several and important changes were perceived in the expression of these creatures until they culminated in characters created by the mangá artist Mizuki Shigeru (1922- ), responsible for introducing the ykai in the Japanese national imaginary world in the XX century. Academic research in the Portuguese language about the yokai is scarce. We expect with this study to present these creatures to the Academy and insert them in the academic context, awaking peoples interest for future projects.
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Toriyama Sekien och hans arv : En analys av Toriyama Sekiens yōkai kataloger, deras kawaii-estetik och Sekiens inflytande på det japanska folkets föreställningsvärld / Toriyama Sekien and his legacy : An analysis of Toriyama Sekien's yōkai catalogues, their "kawaii" aesthetics and Sekien’s influence on the imagination of the Japanese peoplevan der Linden, Martin January 2018 (has links)
In this essay, I study Toriyama Sekien’s yōkai (supernatural beings) catalogues and undertake a diachronic examination surrounding Sekien's imprint on his contemporaries and modern times, striving to highlight the aesthetic dimension that adds to the popularity of yōkai today. Through an image analysis based on a modified version of Roman Jakobson's communication model and a diachronic examination of Sekien’s influence on the imagination of the Japanese people, I have investigated how and why Sekien chose to depict yōkai in his catalogues as kawaii (cute). The questions that have driven my study are as follows: 1. Why does Toriyama Sekien kawaii use aesthetic codes in his four catalogues? 2. In what ways have Toriyama Sekien's catalogues influenced the Japanese people's imagination and world view? The study is anchored in cute studies theories, and with the theory Displacement of Meaning, I have identified possible answers to how Sekien has influenced the Japanese people's imagination: (1) kawaii aesthetic codes are found in Toriyama Sekien's work, because Sekien tried to make his creations as attractive as possible. To accomplish this, he used aesthetic elements which cute studies theories have found control what we perceive as kawaii and thus attractive. (2) Toriyama Sekien demystified the supernatural, took it out of context and allowed Japanese people to take the supernatural out of its traditional setting. This paved the way for yōkai as consumer items and (3) allowed modern creators to fill the yōkai (consumer items) with nostalgia and reintroduce them as symbols of a lost and idealized past.
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