Shrimp and mussel samples were cleaned, washed and exposed to steam before freezing. HHP treatment was performed at combinations of 200, 220 and 250 MPa at 25, 30, 40 and 50&deg / C for 10 and 20 minutes. Microbial analysis were performed by analyzing the effect of treatments on the microbial reduction in the samples. Based on the results of the microbial reduction, the best combinations of HHP treatments were determined as 250 MPa, 50&deg / C, 10 minute for shrimps and 220 MPa, 50&deg / C, 10 minute for mussels where total microbial inactivation was achieved. Storage analysis was performed on the samples, treated at the selected HHP combinations and stored at room (25&deg / C) and refrigeration temperatures (4&deg / C). For the storage analysis, variations in Total Volatile Bases (TVB-N) and pH were measured. According to the results evaluated, shelf-life of the shrimps were detected as 10 and 16 days for storage at room and refrigeration temperature, respectively as compared to 4 days of untreated sample at 4oC. Similarly shelf-life for the mussel samples were obtained as 12 days for storage at room and 18 day for storage at refrigeration temperature as compared to 4 days of untreated sample at 4oC. HHP-at the studied parameters for shrimps and mussels- can be offered as an alternative method for the preservation of shell-fish instead of conventional frozen food technology, which is currently used in the industry, since it gives the opportunity to handle the samples at lower temperatures for the post-production period resulting in both reduction of energy required and operational costs without sacrificing from the quality as measured by microbial reduction, TVB-N and pH.

Submitted by Simone Souza (simonecgsouza@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-24T15:17:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Kelly de Gaiva Carmona.pdf: 1305192 bytes, checksum: 130a12e376106a20bfef053a6c7f3863 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-08-24T15:22:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Kelly de Gaiva Carmona.pdf: 1305192 bytes, checksum: 130a12e376106a20bfef053a6c7f3863 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-24T15:22:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Kelly de Gaiva Carmona.pdf: 1305192 bytes, checksum: 130a12e376106a20bfef053a6c7f3863 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-21 / A carne de pescado é um dos alimentos mais susceptíveis à deterioração por microrganismos. Por esse motivo, procurou-se verificar o efeito da sangria sobre a qualidade da carne do tambaqui armazenado em gelo (2:1) (0ºC ± 4ºC) por 29 dias. Para tanto, foram utilizados 90 exemplares (1,230 ± 0,80kg e 36,20 ± 7,10cm) do peixe em questão, sendo divididos em dois grupos: 45 exemplares sangrados e 45 exemplares não sangrados. Em intervalos de 2 a 3 dias, amostras foram retiradas para as análises microbiológicas e físico-químicas. Nos tempos estabelecidos realizou-se as análises de contagem total de microrganismos heterotróficos aeróbios mesófilos, aeróbios psicrotróficos, bactérias do gênero Aeromonas spp, contagem de bactérias da família Enterobacteriaceae, e análises físico-químicas de pH e BVT (Bases Voláteis Totais). Não houve efeito significativo (p>0,05) entre peixes sangrados e não sangrados em relação à quantificação de mesófilos e Aeromonas spp. No entanto, para a quantificação de psicrotróficos e Enterobactérias, e determinação do pH e BVT, o teste de comparação de médias Tukey foi significativo ao nível de 5%, sendo que o grupo de peixes sangrados apresentou resultados mais satisfatórios em relação a manutenção da qualidade da carne. / The fresh fish is one of the most susceptible food to deterioration by microorganisms. Therefore, one intended to verified the effect of the difference between fish bled and not bled on the meat quality of tambaqui stored on ice (0°C to 4°C) for 29 days. Therefore, 90 samples(1.230 ± 0.80 kg and 36.20 ± 7.10 cm) of the fish in question were divided into two groups: 45 samples were bled and 45 samples were not bled. Within 2 to 3 days, samples were taken for microbiological and physico-chemical analysis. In the established times held the analyzes of total count of aerobic heterotrophic mesophilic microorganisms, quantification of aerobic heterotrophic microorganisms psychrotrophic bacteria from Aeromonas, Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, and physico-chemical analysis of pH and TVB (total volatile bases). There was no significant effect (p> 0.05) between fish bled and not bled on meat quality for the quantification of BHAM and Aeromonas. However, for the quantification of BHAP and Enterobacteriaceae, and determination of pH and TVB, the comparison Tukey test was significant at the 5% level, and the group bled fish showed better results.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-04-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:46:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 paulo_em_dr_ilha.pdf: 392548 bytes, checksum: 5fc7a09763e6a48500ac59e54134ef10 (MD5) / A produção trienal de café, os atributos químicos do solo e o teor foliar dos macronutrientes em cultivares de cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.) sob diferentes densidades de plantio foram avaliados em Adamantina, município situado na região da Alta Paulista (SP), entre maio de 1995 e fevereiro de 2000. As cultivares de café Catuaí Amarelo (IAC 47) e Obatã (IAC 1669- 20), de porte baixo, e Acaiá (IAC 474-19) e Icatu Amarelo (IAC 2944), de porte alto foram estabelecidas em covas com uma planta, distanciadas por 1,0 m entre si na linha de plantio, nas densidades populacionais de 2500, 5000, 7519 e 10000 plantas por hectare. A população de 2500 plantas por hectare com duas plantas por cova também foi estudada. Adotou-se o delineamento estatístico de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, com parcelas subdivididas, correspondendo às parcelas as populações e às subparcelas as cultivares. A adubação recomendada por área foi distribuída igualmente entre as plantas de cada tratamento. A calagem não foi feita após o plantio dos cafeeiros. A produção trienal de café por área e por planta foi maior nos cafeeiros de porte baixo, que não diferiram entre si. O aumento da população de cafeeiros causou maior produção trienal de café por área e diminuição da produção por planta. Os cafeeiros das covas com duas plantas produziram mais café. Cinco anos após o plantio os solos das cultivares de cafeeiro diferiram nos teores de matéria orgânica, de cálcio e de potássio, respectivamente nas camadas 0-20 e 20-40 cm, 0-20 cm e 20-40 cm, e foram semelhantes nos demais atributos químicos do solo. Nas camadas 0-20 cm e 20-40 cm dos solos da Icatu Amarelo e Catuaí Amarelo a matéria orgânica aumentou com a população dessas cultivares e foi maior nos solos com dois cafeeiros por cova. O aumento da densidade populacional resultou na camada 20-40 cm do solo maiores teores... / The triennial production of coffee, the soil chemical attributes and the leaf content of nutrients coffee cultivars (Coffea arabica L.) under plant densities were evaluated in Adamantina, region of Alta Paulista, São Paulo state, Brazil, from May 1995 to February 2000. The coffee tree cultivars Yellow Catuaí (IAC 47) and Obatã (IAC 1669-20) (low height) and Acaiá (IAC 474-19) and Yellow Icatu (IAC 2944) (high height) were submitted to the populations of 2500, 5000, 7519 and 10000 plants per hectare with a coffee tree per hole row spacing with in of 1,0 m. The population of 2500 plants per hectare with two plants per hole was also studied. The treatments were the combinations between cultivars and populations arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with tree replications and the plots as the populations and the subplots as the cultivars. The NPK fertilizations by area were distributed equally among the plants in each treatment. Liming was not made after the planting of coffee. The three-year coffee production per area and per plant was higher in low height cultivars, which did not differ among themselves. Increasing the population of coffee caused increased production of coffee by area and reduced production per plant. The production of a coffee tree was higher in the holes with a plant. Five years after planting the soil of coffee cultivars differ in contents of organic matter, calcium and potassium, respectively, in sections 0-20 and 20-40 cm, 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm and were similar in the others soil chemicals attributes. In sections 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm of soil and Yellow Catuaí and Yellow Icatu organic matter increased with the population of these cultivars and was higher in the soil with two coffees per hole. The increase in population density resulted in the 20-40 cm section of soil greater content of calcium and magnesium and higher values of sum of bases... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Enes Furlani Junior / Banca: Orivaldo Arf / Banca: Edson Lazarini / Banca: José Laércio Favarin / Banca: Heitor Cantarella / Resumo: A produção trienal de café, os atributos químicos do solo e o teor foliar dos macronutrientes em cultivares de cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.) sob diferentes densidades de plantio foram avaliados em Adamantina, município situado na região da Alta Paulista (SP), entre maio de 1995 e fevereiro de 2000. As cultivares de café Catuaí Amarelo (IAC 47) e Obatã (IAC 1669- 20), de porte baixo, e Acaiá (IAC 474-19) e Icatu Amarelo (IAC 2944), de porte alto foram estabelecidas em covas com uma planta, distanciadas por 1,0 m entre si na linha de plantio, nas densidades populacionais de 2500, 5000, 7519 e 10000 plantas por hectare. A população de 2500 plantas por hectare com duas plantas por cova também foi estudada. Adotou-se o delineamento estatístico de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, com parcelas subdivididas, correspondendo às parcelas as populações e às subparcelas as cultivares. A adubação recomendada por área foi distribuída igualmente entre as plantas de cada tratamento. A calagem não foi feita após o plantio dos cafeeiros. A produção trienal de café por área e por planta foi maior nos cafeeiros de porte baixo, que não diferiram entre si. O aumento da população de cafeeiros causou maior produção trienal de café por área e diminuição da produção por planta. Os cafeeiros das covas com duas plantas produziram mais café. Cinco anos após o plantio os solos das cultivares de cafeeiro diferiram nos teores de matéria orgânica, de cálcio e de potássio, respectivamente nas camadas 0-20 e 20-40 cm, 0-20 cm e 20-40 cm, e foram semelhantes nos demais atributos químicos do solo. Nas camadas 0-20 cm e 20-40 cm dos solos da Icatu Amarelo e Catuaí Amarelo a matéria orgânica aumentou com a população dessas cultivares e foi maior nos solos com dois cafeeiros por cova. O aumento da densidade populacional resultou na camada 20-40 cm do solo maiores teores ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The triennial production of coffee, the soil chemical attributes and the leaf content of nutrients coffee cultivars (Coffea arabica L.) under plant densities were evaluated in Adamantina, region of Alta Paulista, São Paulo state, Brazil, from May 1995 to February 2000. The coffee tree cultivars Yellow Catuaí (IAC 47) and Obatã (IAC 1669-20) (low height) and Acaiá (IAC 474-19) and Yellow Icatu (IAC 2944) (high height) were submitted to the populations of 2500, 5000, 7519 and 10000 plants per hectare with a coffee tree per hole row spacing with in of 1,0 m. The population of 2500 plants per hectare with two plants per hole was also studied. The treatments were the combinations between cultivars and populations arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with tree replications and the plots as the populations and the subplots as the cultivars. The NPK fertilizations by area were distributed equally among the plants in each treatment. Liming was not made after the planting of coffee. The three-year coffee production per area and per plant was higher in low height cultivars, which did not differ among themselves. Increasing the population of coffee caused increased production of coffee by area and reduced production per plant. The production of a coffee tree was higher in the holes with a plant. Five years after planting the soil of coffee cultivars differ in contents of organic matter, calcium and potassium, respectively, in sections 0-20 and 20-40 cm, 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm and were similar in the others soil chemicals attributes. In sections 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm of soil and Yellow Catuaí and Yellow Icatu organic matter increased with the population of these cultivars and was higher in the soil with two coffees per hole. The increase in population density resulted in the 20-40 cm section of soil greater content of calcium and magnesium and higher values of sum of bases... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor