Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 148-158).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-135).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of English, General Literature, And Rhetoric, 2008.

In hierdie studie is Tourettesindroom as neuro-genetiese toestand aangespreek en die wyse waarop dit in verskillende leer-, gedrags- en emosionele problema by begaafde Tourettesindroomlyers manifesteer. Begaafde Tourettesindroomlyers se relasievorming en leefwereldstigting word gekonstitueer met hul kognitiewe en affektiewe vermoans asook genetiese potensiaal, wat vir beida hul Tourettesindroom en begaafdheid verantwoordelik is. Die verwarring tussen begaafde Tourettesindroomlyers se superieure intellek en hul emosionele onvolwassenheid is die oorsaak van hul relasieprobleme. Negatiewe betekenisgewing en betrokkenheid by hulle relasievorminge bel"nvloed elke faset van hul menswees en gee aanleiding tot die degradering van hul siening van hul eie waarde. Gebrekkige kennis oor begaafdheid en Tourettesindroom veroorsaak dat waardevolle potensiaal en talente vir Suid-Afrika verlore gaan. Daarom moet daar daadwerklike pogings aangewend word om kennis oor begaafde Tourettesindroomlyers aan ouers, skole en universiteite, beskikbaar te stel met 'n konstruktiewe plan van aksie ter ondersteuning van die betrokkenes en tot voordeel van Suid-Afrika. / This study addresses Tourette syndrome as a neuro-genetic condition and the manner whereby it manifests itself in various learning, behavioural and emotional problems experienced by gifted Tourette syndrome sufferers. Their relationship-formation and life world are constituted by their cognitive, emotive and genetic capacity which manifests itself in Tourette syndrome and giftedness. The emotional immaturity which accompanies their superior intellect causes disorientation which results in problems in their relationships. Negative connotations and involvement in their relationship-formation influences each facet of their being and gives rise to the lowering of their perception of their self worth. In South Africa, valuable potential and talent is lost because of an inadequate knowledge of giftedness and Tourette syndrome. Efforts must be directed towards making information about gifted Tourette syndrome sufferers available to parents, schools and universities. A constructive plan of action is necessary that will support gifted Tourette syndrome sufferers to the benefit of South Africa. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Sielkundige Opvoedkunde)

Children with Tourette Syndrome (CWTS) frequently exhibit a high prevalence of disfluent speech behaviors which are often labeled stuttering. The present study analyzed the fluency characteristics of CWTS, in comparison to children who stutter (CWS) and typically developing peers (TDP). It was predicted that CWTS would be less fluent than TDP but more fluent than CWS. A related purpose was to explore whether differences existed in the pattern of disfluencies demonstrated by these groups. To this end, it was predicted that CWTS would demonstrate significantly lower proportions of stuttering-like disfluencies than CWS and significantly higher proportions of stuttering-like disfluencies than TDP. Participants included eight CWTS, eight CWS and eight TDP. Speech samples, collected during a narrative story telling task, were analyzed to determine whether significant differences in the type and frequency of disfluencies were evident between the groups. Results revealed that CWTS were significantly more fluent than CWS and that CWTS produced significantly lower proportions of stuttering-like disfluencies than CWS. Although not statistically significant, CWTS were twice as disfluent as TDP and CWTS produced significantly higher proportions of stuttering-like disfluencies than TDP. These findings confirmed that CWTS present with an atypical disfluency pattern which can be differentiated from that of CWS and TDP based on the total disfluency level and the proportion of stuttering-like disfluencies. / Communication Sciences

This study was designed to examine Adlerian personality priorities of siblings of individuals with Tourette Syndrome (TS). This study aimed to investigate whether a difference exists between TS siblings and siblings of those without disabilities on variables related to personality priorities. It was hypothesized that TS siblings would score significantly higher than the control group on the superiority and pleasing personality priorities and significantly lower on the comfort and control personality priorities. Both of the hypotheses were rejected. First, no significant difference was found between TS siblings and the control group on the superiority and pleasing personality priorities. Second, no significant difference was found between TS siblings and the control group on the comfort personality priority, and TS siblings scored significantly higher than the control group on the control personality priority.

A fenomenologia da síndrome de Tourette (ST) é complexa. Apesar de tiques motores e vocais serem as características definidoras da síndrome, muitas pessoas relatam ter urgências premonitórias (fenômenos sensoriais) de difícil descrição. A história natural da ST também é variável, com alguns indivíduos que experimentam uma redução acentuada nos tiques até o final da segunda década de vida, enquanto outros permanecem com sintomas ao longo de toda a vida adulta. Os objetivos principais desta tese são três: (1) desenvolver um instrumento de avaliação clínica com boa validade e confiabilidade para ST; (2) investigar os fenômenos sensoriais (FS) associados a ST; e (3) documentar o curso da gravidade dos tiques durante as duas primeiras décadas de vida. Para atingir esses objetivos incluíram-se grupos de pacientes clinicamente bem caracterizados e de artigos científicos publicados em periódicos internacionais de alto impacto. A Escala de Gravidade Global de tiques de Yale (YGTSS) apresentou excelentes propriedades psicométricas, o que foi replicado em estudos independentes. Também emergiu como a escala de gravidade mais utilizada em ensaios clínicos randomizados para ST em todo o mundo. Os FS, particularmente urgências premonitórias, são comumente relatados entre os indivíduos com ST com a partir da idade de 10 anos. Há uma sobreposição considerável com os FS descritos por indivíduos com Transtorno Obsessivo- Compulsivo (TOC). Os tiques costumam ter seu início na primeira década de vida e, então, seguem um curso flutuante com mudança do seu repertório. Conforme documentado no terceiro estudo, para a maioria dos pacientes, o período de pior gravidade dos tiques ocorre geralmente entre 7 e 15 anos de idade, após o qual a gravidade declina gradualmente. Esta queda dos sintomas de tiques é consistente com os dados epidemiológicos disponíveis que indicam uma prevalência muito menor de ST entre adultos do que crianças. Em resumo, há um esforço para incremento da caracterização fenomenológica e da história natural da ST. Revisões da YGTSS devem ser consideradas. Avanços significativos foram feitos para caracterizar e mensurar os FS associados a ST. Estudos acerca das bases neurobiológicas, da fenomenologia e da história natural da ST estão em andamento no sentido de identificar os indicadores prognósticos / The phenomenology of Tourette syndrome is complex. Although overt motor and vocal tics are the defining features of Tourette syndrome, many individuals report experiencing sensory \"urges,\" which are often difficult to describe. The natural history of this condition is also variable, with some individuals experiencing a marked reduction in tics by the end of the second decade of life while others go on to have a lifelong condition. The aim of this thesis was three-fold: (1) to develop a valid and reliable clinical rating instrument; (2) to investigate the sensory phenomena associated with Tourette syndrome; and (3) to document the course of tic severity over the course of the first two decades of life. Each of these three studies involved groups of patients with Tourette syndrome or a chronic tic disorder and each of these studies has been published in a peer-reviewed journal. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) has excellent psychometric properties that have been independently replicated. It has also emerged as the most widely used clinician-rated tic severity scale in randomized clinical trials around the world. Sensory phenomena, particularly premonitory urges, are commonly reported among individuals with Tourette syndrome by the age of 10 years. There is considerable overlap with the sensory phenomena described by individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Tics usually have their onset in the first decade of life. They then follow a waxing and waning course and a changing repertoire of tics. As documented in the third study, for a majority of patients the period of worst tic severity usually falls between the ages of 7 and 15 years of age, after which tic severity gradually declines. This falloff in tic symptoms is consistent with available epidemiological data that indicate a much lower prevalence of Tourette syndrome among adults than children. This decline in tic severity has been confirmed in subsequent studies. In summary, incremental progress is being made in our efforts to characterize the phenomenology and natural history of Tourette syndrome. Revisions to the YGTSS should be considered. Significant advances have been made in measuring the premonitory urges associated with Tourette syndrome. The neurobiological underpinnings of the phenomenology and natural history of Tourette syndrome are currently underway in an effort to identify prognostic indicators

A fenomenologia da síndrome de Tourette (ST) é complexa. Apesar de tiques motores e vocais serem as características definidoras da síndrome, muitas pessoas relatam ter urgências premonitórias (fenômenos sensoriais) de difícil descrição. A história natural da ST também é variável, com alguns indivíduos que experimentam uma redução acentuada nos tiques até o final da segunda década de vida, enquanto outros permanecem com sintomas ao longo de toda a vida adulta. Os objetivos principais desta tese são três: (1) desenvolver um instrumento de avaliação clínica com boa validade e confiabilidade para ST; (2) investigar os fenômenos sensoriais (FS) associados a ST; e (3) documentar o curso da gravidade dos tiques durante as duas primeiras décadas de vida. Para atingir esses objetivos incluíram-se grupos de pacientes clinicamente bem caracterizados e de artigos científicos publicados em periódicos internacionais de alto impacto. A Escala de Gravidade Global de tiques de Yale (YGTSS) apresentou excelentes propriedades psicométricas, o que foi replicado em estudos independentes. Também emergiu como a escala de gravidade mais utilizada em ensaios clínicos randomizados para ST em todo o mundo. Os FS, particularmente urgências premonitórias, são comumente relatados entre os indivíduos com ST com a partir da idade de 10 anos. Há uma sobreposição considerável com os FS descritos por indivíduos com Transtorno Obsessivo- Compulsivo (TOC). Os tiques costumam ter seu início na primeira década de vida e, então, seguem um curso flutuante com mudança do seu repertório. Conforme documentado no terceiro estudo, para a maioria dos pacientes, o período de pior gravidade dos tiques ocorre geralmente entre 7 e 15 anos de idade, após o qual a gravidade declina gradualmente. Esta queda dos sintomas de tiques é consistente com os dados epidemiológicos disponíveis que indicam uma prevalência muito menor de ST entre adultos do que crianças. Em resumo, há um esforço para incremento da caracterização fenomenológica e da história natural da ST. Revisões da YGTSS devem ser consideradas. Avanços significativos foram feitos para caracterizar e mensurar os FS associados a ST. Estudos acerca das bases neurobiológicas, da fenomenologia e da história natural da ST estão em andamento no sentido de identificar os indicadores prognósticos / The phenomenology of Tourette syndrome is complex. Although overt motor and vocal tics are the defining features of Tourette syndrome, many individuals report experiencing sensory \"urges,\" which are often difficult to describe. The natural history of this condition is also variable, with some individuals experiencing a marked reduction in tics by the end of the second decade of life while others go on to have a lifelong condition. The aim of this thesis was three-fold: (1) to develop a valid and reliable clinical rating instrument; (2) to investigate the sensory phenomena associated with Tourette syndrome; and (3) to document the course of tic severity over the course of the first two decades of life. Each of these three studies involved groups of patients with Tourette syndrome or a chronic tic disorder and each of these studies has been published in a peer-reviewed journal. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) has excellent psychometric properties that have been independently replicated. It has also emerged as the most widely used clinician-rated tic severity scale in randomized clinical trials around the world. Sensory phenomena, particularly premonitory urges, are commonly reported among individuals with Tourette syndrome by the age of 10 years. There is considerable overlap with the sensory phenomena described by individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Tics usually have their onset in the first decade of life. They then follow a waxing and waning course and a changing repertoire of tics. As documented in the third study, for a majority of patients the period of worst tic severity usually falls between the ages of 7 and 15 years of age, after which tic severity gradually declines. This falloff in tic symptoms is consistent with available epidemiological data that indicate a much lower prevalence of Tourette syndrome among adults than children. This decline in tic severity has been confirmed in subsequent studies. In summary, incremental progress is being made in our efforts to characterize the phenomenology and natural history of Tourette syndrome. Revisions to the YGTSS should be considered. Significant advances have been made in measuring the premonitory urges associated with Tourette syndrome. The neurobiological underpinnings of the phenomenology and natural history of Tourette syndrome are currently underway in an effort to identify prognostic indicators

<p>Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att i en litteraturstudie ge en allmän beskrivning av Tourettes syndrom och övriga ticstillstånd, samt att granska förhållandena för barn med TS och tics i skolan och vilka förslag som i litteraturen ges på anpassad skolgång för dessa barn. Studien är en kunskapsöversikt med följande frågeställningar: Hur beskrivs Tourettes syndrom och tics i vald litteratur? Vilka problem kan ses hos barn med Tourettes syndrom och tics i skolan enligt vald litteratur? samt Vilka förslag ges i vald litteratur på anpassad skolgång eller pedagogiska insatser för barn med Tourettes syndrom eller ticsbesvär? Dessa frågeställningar har utgjort kategorier i struktureringen av materialet via meningskategorisering. Tourettes syndrom är en neuropsykiatrisk störning vars bakomliggande orsaker troligtvis är ärftlighet. Syndromet förekommer hos ungefär en halv procent av alla skolbarn som då besväras av en kombination av motoriska och vokala tics. Dessa kan ta sig uttryck som ryckningar, grimaser, blinkningar, harklingar, grymtande och skall men kan också innebära exempelvis upprepande av egna eller andras ord och fraser, tvångsmässigt uttalande av obsceniteter och socialt oacceptabla gester eller handlingar. I skolan kan barn med TS ha kognitiva problem, svårigheter att förstå och ta emot muntlig information, kontrollera impulser och ouppmärksamhet på lektioner. Retningar, mobbing, utstötning och dålig självkänsla förekommer oftare hos dessa barn jämfört med andra. I analysen används socialkonstruktionistiska och diskursanalytiska tankegångar.</p>