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The effects of social media on digital branding is analysed in this paper, to establish how to optimize brand awareness through non-administrated social media channels in a two-sided network. This is a relatively unexplored field which may prove to be important for future businesses. Different levels of cooperation between brands are increasing and the implementation of two-sided networks are becoming standardized. A new way of differentiation is needed for the ever changing field of social media. Social media changed the field of communications when its use in business started to grow exponentially in 2010. It has affected several digital business fields, as well as changing how companies interact with and appeal customers. Social media users have at the same time become more reluctant to following brands online since 2011, and their interaction patterns and behaviours have changed dramatically. Brands conducting businesses in the digital age are using social media as a standardized communications tool, but are not adapting as fast as their followers are to the rapidly ever changing digital environment. A quantitative method in the form of a case study of Urb-it and its partners’ social media and co-branding activities was conducted. Its purpose was to examine how a case would look like when it came to branding through non-administrated social media channels within a two-sided network. A qualitative method in the form of interviews with representatives from different companies in related business areas was conducted based on the data from the case study. With the purpose to examine why the acquired case data came out as it did. The results show that a higher rate of content interactivity or vividness does not increase the brands engagement rate, with the hypothesis that it is not a sufficient differentiator anymore. The results also show that social media have indirectly affected marketing and branding strategies by revolutionizing the field of communications. There are several problems when it comes to conducting a co-branding operation in a two-sided network, which is mainly due to lack of internal communications between the affected parties. They do not adapt their combined content enough to meet the standards and expectations of the combined target groups, and the field is suffering from a non-adaptive traditional approach when it comes to co-branding. Brands have to redevelop their customer approach on social media, and build more personal relationships with more narrow target groups to be able to stay relevant and differentiated against their competitors. Changing content to being more personalized is not the only necessary factor to succeed. Timing is as important as improved content. It is more important than a consistent posting frequency in the purpose too realize when, where and how your target group are receptible to your brands content. It is crucial when it comes to the creation of a sustainable business partnership within a two-sided network.

Tow-placement machines have made it possible to manufacture curved-fiber composite tow paths. A composite structure with curved-fiber tow paths can be formed in a manner similar to filament winding. The result is a laminate with spatially varying stiffness and response. This manufacturing method can also result in overlap regions between adjacent tow paths. In previous research, a closed-form solution was developed to determine the response of these variable-stiffness laminates, but the overlap regions were not included in this model. Additionally, the fiber-orientation angle throughout the panel was based on individual fiber path definitions and not tow path definitions. In this thesis, a method of creating a finite element model of tow-placed variable-stiffness composite panels is presented. This method provides a representation of the overlap regions and an accurate model of the fiber-orientation angle change throughout the laminate. The GENESIS finite element analysis and design package is used to solve for the static response of the models created. The results of these analyses compare favorably with the results of the previous research and give some insight into the interaction of the thickness and fiber-orientation variation. Additionally, some of the advanced design capabilities of the finite element modeling method, and some results of those designs are demonstrated. / Master of Science

A absorção é a etapa determinante da recuperação de acetona no Filter Tow, por reduzir a emissão de acetona e trazer melhorias à economia. Por isso, ela constitui o objeto deste estudo, que inclui desde a revisão dos conceitos fenomenológicos, considerando a escolha do melhor modelo de equilíbrio líquido-vapor, passando pela execução dos balanços coerentes de massa e o estabelecimento da Fotografia da situação original, relatando um caso complexo de transposição de pratos para recheios. Contudo, a operação das colunas de absorção é influenciada por outras variáveis de caráter desconhecido, ruídos em relação à fenomenologia, o que se pretende avaliar, justificando-se desenvolver estudo para avaliar seus efeitos. Com o objetivo geral de otimizar absorção, uma análise estatística foi executada a partir do levantamento de dados operacionais, utilizando todas suas variáveis, sejam as fenomenológicas, como os ruídos, com o objetivo específico de obter modelos empíricos que complementem as simulações fenomenológicas, aumentando sua abrangência. Para a execução da análise estatística, os conjuntos de dados históricos foram levantados e validados pelos balanços coerentes de massa e pela Fotografia, o que tornou possível sua evolução, desde a seleção das variáveis, até estabelecer os modelos de regressão, com os quais pode-se obter um novo modo de controle, que estabiliza a operação, possibilitando a otimização. Em termos ambientais, a utilização destes modelos resulta em redução de até 15% das perdas de acetona para o ambiente, como também de consumo energético, com uma economia da ordem de 1 milhão de reais por ano, sem quaisquer custos adicionais. / Absorption is the key step of the acetone recovery at Filter Tow production, for reducing the acetone emission and improving economics. For this reason it is the subject of this study, including the revision of phenomenological concepts, considering the choice of the best vapor liquid equilibrium model, passing by the improvement of coherent mass balances and establishing the Photography of the original situation, detailing a complex case of transposition of sieve trays to structured packing. However, the operation of the absorption columns is influenced by other variables, with unknown impacts, noises in relation to the phenomenology, justifying the development of this study, for evaluating them. With the general objective of optimizing the absorption, a statistical analysis is performed from collecting operating data, considering all variables, phenomenological and noises, with the specific objective of getting empirical models complementing the phenomenological simulations, increasing their comprising. For performing the statistical analysis sets of historical data have been collected and validated by coherent mass balances and the Photography, making possible its evolution, from the selection of the variables till establishing the regression models, and with them getting a new control way, which stabilizes the operation, allowing the optimization. In environmental terms, the use of these models results in up to 15% decrease in acetone losses to the environment, as well as power consumption with a saving of approximately 1 million reais per year, without any additional costs.

O trabalho de pesquisa realizado trata do comportamento dinâmico e aeroelástico em compósitos laminados de rigidez variável (LCRV). Em virtude dos avanços das técnicas de manufatura de laminados, este tema tem ganhado notoriedade internacional e sua importância se justifica pelo crescente número de trabalhos na área. Neste contexto, foram analisados dois tipos distintos de LCRV: o primeiro diz respeito a laminados fabricados com espaçamento variável entre as fibras paralelas; e o segundo trata de laminados fabricados com deposição das fibras por caminhos curvilíneos, termo em inglês tow steering. Com objetivo de explorar as características dos LCRV, foi desenvolvido um modelo aeroelástico baseado no método dos modos admitidos (Rayleigh-Ritz), utilizando as hipóteses da teoria clássica de laminação (TCL), e foi utilizado o modelo aerodinâmico baseado na teoria das faixas quase estacionária para as análises em escoamentos subsônicos, e na teoria dos pistões, para escoamentos supersônicos nas análises de flutter de painel. Assim, foi investigada a influência do efeito de diferentes funções de distribuição do volume de fibras no comportamento aeroelástico e nas três primeiras frequências naturais, constatando-se uma significativa influência nos resultados, justificando um tratamento adequado para modelagem microestrutural dos laminados com espaçamento variável. Por outro lado, com objetivo de analisar o efeito de incertezas no processo de fabricação nos LCRV fabricados com a tecnologia de tow steering, foi desenvolvida uma estratégia de identificação de incertezas e sua propagação no modelo numérico, além da otimização para obtenção de um projeto robusto. Constatou-se que a melhor configuração obtida pela otimização determinística apresentou grande dispersão quando perturbado o ângulo de definição da trajetória das fibras, diferentemente da configuração selecionada de maneira robusta, que apresentou resultados menos sensíveis a perturbações nos ângulos de deposição das fibras. Foi investigada também a viabilidade da utilização de LCRV do ponto de vista dinâmico, visando aumentar a frequência natural fundamental, e com aplicação em flutter de painel. Em ambas as aplicações foi otimizada a trajetória da deposição das fibras, com base nos polinômios interpoladores de Lagrange, sendo encontrados ganhos razoáveis quando comparados com os laminados de material composto tradicionais de rigidez constante (LCRC). Adicionalmente, foi verificado que os resultados obtidos para o LCRC e o LCRV analisados experimentalmente corroboraram os resultados obtidos numericamente no que diz respeito às frequências naturais e aos modos de vibrar. / The developed research work is related to the dynamic and aeroelastic behaviors of variable stiffness composite laminate plates (VSCL). Due to the advances in the manufacturing techniques, this research theme has been gaining international relevance and its importance is justified by the increasing number of research works in this area. In this context, two different types of VSCL are analyzed: the first regards variable fiber spacing laminates, and the second is manufactured using curvilinear paths (tow steering). In order to explore the VSCL characteristics, it was developed an aeroelastic model based on the assumed modes approach (Rayleigh-Ritz), using the hypotheses of “classical lamination theory” (CLT). Moreover, it was used the aerodynamic model based on the quasi-steady strip theory in the subsonic analyses, and the piston theory, for supersonic flows used in the evaluation of panel flutter. It was investigated the influence of different fiber volume distribution on the aeroelastic behavior and on the first three natural frequencies; it has been found that those influences are significant, which justifies the adequate treatment for the micro -structural model of VSCL. Also, to cope with uncertainties during manufacturing of steered composite laminates, it was developed a strategy for identification of those uncertainties and their propagation through the numerical model; also, an optimization procedure was proposed to achieve robust designs. It was noticed that the response of the optimal configuration obtained from deterministic optimization presented a large dispersion when the tow steering angles were perturbed, in contrast with the selected configuration obtained from robust optimization, in which the results were much less sensible to perturbations in the tow steering angles. Also, it was investigated the viability to use LCRV from the dynamic standpoint, aiming at increasing the fundamental frequency, and with application in flutter panel. For both applications, the fiber placement trajectory was optimized based on Lagrange polynomials. Reasonable gains were found with respect to constant stiffness composite laminates (CSCL). Additionally, it was verified that the obtained experimental results for VSCL and CSCL corroborate the counterparts obtained from numerical simulations regarding natural frequencies and mode shapes. / Tese (Doutorado)

A absorção é a etapa determinante da recuperação de acetona no Filter Tow, por reduzir a emissão de acetona e trazer melhorias à economia. Por isso, ela constitui o objeto deste estudo, que inclui desde a revisão dos conceitos fenomenológicos, considerando a escolha do melhor modelo de equilíbrio líquido-vapor, passando pela execução dos balanços coerentes de massa e o estabelecimento da Fotografia da situação original, relatando um caso complexo de transposição de pratos para recheios. Contudo, a operação das colunas de absorção é influenciada por outras variáveis de caráter desconhecido, ruídos em relação à fenomenologia, o que se pretende avaliar, justificando-se desenvolver estudo para avaliar seus efeitos. Com o objetivo geral de otimizar absorção, uma análise estatística foi executada a partir do levantamento de dados operacionais, utilizando todas suas variáveis, sejam as fenomenológicas, como os ruídos, com o objetivo específico de obter modelos empíricos que complementem as simulações fenomenológicas, aumentando sua abrangência. Para a execução da análise estatística, os conjuntos de dados históricos foram levantados e validados pelos balanços coerentes de massa e pela Fotografia, o que tornou possível sua evolução, desde a seleção das variáveis, até estabelecer os modelos de regressão, com os quais pode-se obter um novo modo de controle, que estabiliza a operação, possibilitando a otimização. Em termos ambientais, a utilização destes modelos resulta em redução de até 15% das perdas de acetona para o ambiente, como também de consumo energético, com uma economia da ordem de 1 milhão de reais por ano, sem quaisquer custos adicionais. / Absorption is the key step of the acetone recovery at Filter Tow production, for reducing the acetone emission and improving economics. For this reason it is the subject of this study, including the revision of phenomenological concepts, considering the choice of the best vapor liquid equilibrium model, passing by the improvement of coherent mass balances and establishing the Photography of the original situation, detailing a complex case of transposition of sieve trays to structured packing. However, the operation of the absorption columns is influenced by other variables, with unknown impacts, noises in relation to the phenomenology, justifying the development of this study, for evaluating them. With the general objective of optimizing the absorption, a statistical analysis is performed from collecting operating data, considering all variables, phenomenological and noises, with the specific objective of getting empirical models complementing the phenomenological simulations, increasing their comprising. For performing the statistical analysis sets of historical data have been collected and validated by coherent mass balances and the Photography, making possible its evolution, from the selection of the variables till establishing the regression models, and with them getting a new control way, which stabilizes the operation, allowing the optimization. In environmental terms, the use of these models results in up to 15% decrease in acetone losses to the environment, as well as power consumption with a saving of approximately 1 million reais per year, without any additional costs.

No description available.

隨著網路平台的蓬勃發展，消費者得以從網路上進行各種消費經驗的搜尋及分享，網路平台上流傳的口碑資訊成為了消費者更深入評判產品及服務的參考資訊，相對而言，過去傳統廣告浮誇、隱惡揚善的包裝手法對於產品行銷以及消費者態度的提升效果則日漸趨弱。本研究旨在探討網路口碑、單雙面廣告以及情境涉入對於消費者態度的影響。更重要的是，本研究期望能針對雙面廣告是否具有降低負面評價之傷害的能力做一主題性的探討。 本研究採用了2（情境涉入程度：高涉入、低涉入）×2（廣告訊息：雙面、單面）×2（網路口碑：正面傾向、負面傾向）的三因子實驗設計。實驗結果有幾項發現：首先，正面傾向的網路口碑對受測者對於廣告信任、廣告觀感、產品觀感、產品喜好、購買意願有顯著的正面影響。其次，受測者對廣告的信任程度，會因情境涉入程度和單雙面廣告而有所差異。高情境涉入者對單面和雙面廣告的信任程度並沒有顯著差異，而低情境涉入者則對單面廣告的信任程度較高、對雙面廣告的信任程度較低。再來，在廣告觀感的部分，受測者則會受單雙面廣告和網路口碑正負面傾向的交互影響。當受測者閱讀的是單面廣告，其對單面廣告的觀感會因網路口碑的正負面傾向而有顯著差異；而當受測者閱讀的是雙面廣告，其對雙面廣告的觀感則不會因網路口碑的正負面傾向而有顯著差異。最後，在網路口碑觀感的部分，受測者亦會受單雙面廣告和網路口碑正負面傾向的交互影響。當受測者閱讀的是單面廣告，其正面及負面傾向網路口碑之觀感的評分上有顯著的差異；而當受測者閱讀的是雙面廣告，其正面及負面傾向網路口碑之觀感的評分上則沒有顯著的差異。 整體而言，本研究點出網路口碑對於不同涉入程度消費者的態度皆具有深度影響力，提醒廠商必須採取更積極的作為，同時也討論了雙面廣告的利益與風險，比方預防網路口碑對消費者態度造成波動的可能性等正面效益，以及使廣告及產品觀感降低等風險，給予廠商一個兼具正反面探討的參考策略。 / With the rapid development of the network platform , consumers are able to search and share a variety of consumption experiences through the Internet. Electronic word of mouth (eWOM) has become a more reliable reference information of products and services. In contrast, those traditional pompous advertising has weaker marketing effects for products and service. This study aimed to explore the influence of eWOM, one or two -sided advertisement, and situational involvement toward consumer attitudes . More importantly , this study expect to explore if two-sided ad has the ability to reduce the damage of negative eWOM. The study used a 2 ( situational involvement : high, low ) × 2 ( ad message: one-sided, two-sided ) × 2 ( eWOM : positive tendency, negative tendency ) three-factor experimental design. The result has several findings : First , the positive-tendency eWOM has a significant positive impact on ad-trust, ad-recognition, product- recognition, product-likeness and purchase intention. Second, the trust in ad seems to be impaced by situational involvement and one or two-sided ad . Subjects with high situational involvement have no significant differences in trust of one or two sided-ad. While subjects with low situational involvement have higher degree of trust in one-sided ad , and lower degree of trust in two-sided ad. Third , ad-recognition seems to be impacted by the type of ad and the tendency of eWOM . When the subjects read a one-sided ad , their recognition of one-sided ad have been significantly impacted by positive or negative eWOM; When subjects read a two-sided ad , their recognition of one-sided ad haven’t been significantly impacted by positive or negative eWOM. Forth, eWOM-recognition seems to be impacted by the type of ad and the tendency of eWOM, too . When the subjects read a one-sided ad , their recognition of positive or negative eWOM have significant difference. When subjects read a two-sided ad , their recognition of positive or negative eWOM have no significant differences. Overall, the study points out the deep influence of eWOM on consumer attitudes, which remind manufacturers must take a more proactive actions. The study also discusses the benefits and risks of two-sided ad, such as reducing the influence of negative eWOM but also lower the ad-recognition , giving manufacturers a reference for strategy development .

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:21:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCO DAVI DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 2348003 bytes, checksum: da46d36d9f2f5938c4cc9aaf05a9b924 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-13 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This research aims to reflect on the influence of faith for the social transformation in Heliopolis shanty town through religious practices. Focused on some representative actions in the fight for housing in the 1970-1993 period and better life conditions in the shanty town as well as in the city of São Paulo, the research observes whether the religious practices can be considered a motivator for the social transformation or not. The research wants to question about the influence of faith for the engagement of the people actively involved in the housing movement in the shanty town and how this faith is shown amidst the fight for better life conditions. / A pesquisa se propõe a refletir sobre a influência da fé na transformação social da favela de Heliópolis. Focada em algumas ações representativas da luta por moradia, no período de 1970 a 1993, e na conquista de melhores condições de vida na favela e na cidade de São Paulo, a pesquisa observa como as práticas religiosas servem ou não de motivação para a transformação social. A pesquisa pergunta pela influência da fé no engajamento de indivíduos denvolvidos ativamente no movimento de moradia na favela e como essa fé se evidencia em meio à luta por melhores condições de vida.

<p>Demand for lightweight, cost-effective, structural components is driving the development of continuous fiber thermoplastic tow preforms, also known as 3D-tow or tow reinforcements, to add material performance to hybrid-molded structures as an alternative to metal components. Tow reinforcements offer the performance advantages of continuous fiber composites within molded structures. The tow reinforcements also feature more tailorability of performance compared to fabric or organo-sheet reinforced hybrid-molded structures, improving their potential for design optimization. However, the added complexity of 3D-tow reinforcement structure requires the development of unique design principles and computer aided engineering (CAE) methodologies to effectively design components which meet manufacturing and performance requirements. </p> <p><br></p> <p>A systematic evaluation of design considerations was performed comparing parts manufactured with various design features, configurations, and materials. Choosing the structural profile and balance of material properties was shown to be an important component of achieving the desired performance especially where the tow reinforcement must work in conjunction with the overmolding material to provide structural performance. </p> <p><br></p> <p>By experimentally testing representative structures with features found on automobile components and molded sports equipment, performance was evaluated for a range of material combinations and reinforcement content. Tow reinforcements were made from continuous glass or carbon fiber reinforced PA6 prepreg tape and injection overmolded with unfilled or glass fiber filled PA6 adding a shear web and rib structures. Tow reinforcement significantly reduced warpage, and in tensile loading, demonstrated potential for 340\% strength increase over parts without tow. However, three-point bend performance was dominated by the overmolding material. High strain to break overmolding materials are recommended to avoid premature overmolding material cracking. </p> <p><br></p> <p>Tensile performance of tow reinforced structures is not accurately captured by conventional modeling processes. When wrapped around load introduction points, the fibers of a thick tow traverse a shorter distance at the inner radius than the outer radius leading to waviness on the inner region of each wrap. The Hsaio and Daniel model was used to predict local elastic properties of the wavy fiber composite and spatially varying material properties were applied to 3D finite element models of a suspension link. Neglecting fiber waviness overpredicted experimental tensile stiffness and strength by 36\% and 33\% respectively while modeling waviness overpredicted stiffness and strength by only 9\% and 14\% respectively. Tow wrap configuration, waviness propagation, and material parameters have significant effect on tensile performance while the tow has little effect on compressive performance.</p> <p><br></p> <p>In addition to fiber waviness, tow bundles also spread to reconcile path length differences. A method for accounting for tow spread orientations was developed and combined with fiber waviness modeling techniques. The effects of simulating the resulting fiber orientations and effective elastic properties was used to model representative beams in tension and bending load cases and compared to previous experimental results. Accounting for fiber waviness in tension demonstrated greatly improved part stiffness predictions. Spread tow bundles improved predicted strength and stiffness over simulations where tow was constrained to a uniform cross section. Increased tow reinforcement increased bending stiffness, but failure behavior was significantly influenced by the overmolding material.  </p> <p><br></p> <p>The studies in this work identified key performance attributes of 3D-tow reinforced hybrid composite structures. Design principles and modeling techniques were developed in this work, providing improved performance predictions which brings the technology closer to widespread adoption. </p>