The Municipal administration of Glasgow, 1833-1912, examines the evolution of civic government in Scotland's major industrial city during a period of unprecedented urban development. The thesis is centred on the contribution of town councillors in determining a distinctly Scottish municipal identity, and the extent to which social, economic and political influences helped shape prevailing attitudes towards the public service. Biographical sources have been used to construct a collective profile of the 577 representatives who served on Glasgow Town Council during this time. However, attention is also focused on the municipal bureaucracy, especially the role of the Town Clerks. The 1833 Burgh Reform Act redefined the civic entity of Glasgow, and removed the traditional burgess basis of authcirity. Yet it was not until 1846 that the Council was able to overcome numerous legal obstacles and extend its sphere of operations. Thereafter, municipal policy was directed towards a programme of city improvenent, beginning with the spectacularly successful Loch Katrine water supply in 1855. The quality of urban life was a major civic preoccupation, and the importance of issues such as temperance reflected the concern of many councillors to present a more positive image for Glasgow. The notion of "civic pride" took firm root during the 1850s, and the following decades represented a period of steady consolidation. During this time the Council expended considerable energy in attempting to extend the municipal boundaries, particularly as many outlying areas already benefited from Glasgow's public utilities. After several false starts, success was achieved in 1891, and the municipality underwent extensive administrative restructuring. Yet by the 1900s, the rise of Labour and the spectre of "municipal socialism" had called Glasgow's civic priorities into question. Despite the controversy, there was no significant reversal of the Council's long-held expansionist strategy, and territorial additions in 1912 enlarged the city substantially.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to present the impact of the Josephine reforms of town-councils on the administrative development of a minor South Bohemian liege town. The work is divided into several chapters, which study the local administrative organization in Lhenice just before the mentioned reform and the life of the local inhabitants at the turn of the 18th and 19th century. Being put into context, there was even outlined the progress of establishing regulated town-councils in some Bohemian and Moravian towns and the influence of no implementation of this system on the administration functioning in the town.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo mais abrangente a análise e compreensão dos fatores determinantes para a constituição, estrutura e atuação dos poderes locais na primeira metade do século dezoito na comarca de Vila Rica, com o enfoque principal direcionado a atuação de suas câmaras municipais. Assim, dentro de uma perspectiva de longa duração buscou-se estabelecer a gênese de constituição dos poderes locais na metrópole portuguesa e sua transposição para as demais partes constitutivas do império colonial português. Na colônia brasileira, as câmaras municipais foram a instituição de caráter público que mais presenciaram o assento de suas elites locais, sendo que diferentemente das câmaras localizadas na costa brasileira, as câmaras municipais constituídas nos sertões brasílicos assistiram a formatação de uma elite distinta, mais voltada aos interesses e contradições de interesses que a economia da mineração criou quando de seu advento no Brasil no ocaso do século XVII. Por fim, a partir da atuação dos poderes locais e da segmentação social na região das Minas discutese se aquela sociedade, a despeito da escravidão, passava por um processo de transição de uma sociedade de estamentos para o de uma sociedade de classes. / This work has as its most ranging objective the analysis and understanding of the determining factors for the constitution, structure and acting of the local governors in the first half of eighteen century in Vila Rica county, with the main foccus directed to their town councils. Thus, within a long duration perspective it has been searched to establish the origins of the local powers constitution in the Portuguese metropolis and their transposing to the other constituent parts of the Portuguese Colonial Empire. In the brasililan colony the Town Councils have been the Institution with a public character that had witnessed the seat of their local élite, being that differently from the councils located on the brasilian coast the town councils constituted in the brasilic interior presented the constitution of a distinctive élite, mainly directed to the interests and contradictions of interests that the mining economy created on times of its advent in Brasil at the end of XVII century. Finally, from the acting of the local powers and caracteristic social segmentation of the mines region it has been discussed if that society, despite the slavery, were going through a transitional process from an society of orders to a class society .

Este trabalho tem como objetivo mais abrangente a análise e compreensão dos fatores determinantes para a constituição, estrutura e atuação dos poderes locais na primeira metade do século dezoito na comarca de Vila Rica, com o enfoque principal direcionado a atuação de suas câmaras municipais. Assim, dentro de uma perspectiva de longa duração buscou-se estabelecer a gênese de constituição dos poderes locais na metrópole portuguesa e sua transposição para as demais partes constitutivas do império colonial português. Na colônia brasileira, as câmaras municipais foram a instituição de caráter público que mais presenciaram o assento de suas elites locais, sendo que diferentemente das câmaras localizadas na costa brasileira, as câmaras municipais constituídas nos sertões brasílicos assistiram a formatação de uma elite distinta, mais voltada aos interesses e contradições de interesses que a economia da mineração criou quando de seu advento no Brasil no ocaso do século XVII. Por fim, a partir da atuação dos poderes locais e da segmentação social na região das Minas discutese se aquela sociedade, a despeito da escravidão, passava por um processo de transição de uma sociedade de estamentos para o de uma sociedade de classes. / This work has as its most ranging objective the analysis and understanding of the determining factors for the constitution, structure and acting of the local governors in the first half of eighteen century in Vila Rica county, with the main foccus directed to their town councils. Thus, within a long duration perspective it has been searched to establish the origins of the local powers constitution in the Portuguese metropolis and their transposing to the other constituent parts of the Portuguese Colonial Empire. In the brasililan colony the Town Councils have been the Institution with a public character that had witnessed the seat of their local élite, being that differently from the councils located on the brasilian coast the town councils constituted in the brasilic interior presented the constitution of a distinctive élite, mainly directed to the interests and contradictions of interests that the mining economy created on times of its advent in Brasil at the end of XVII century. Finally, from the acting of the local powers and caracteristic social segmentation of the mines region it has been discussed if that society, despite the slavery, were going through a transitional process from an society of orders to a class society .

The aim of this diploma thesis is to compile the personal structure of town councils in 17th century in České Budějovice. The work shows functioning of the two highest institutions in town, the town council and local elders. It will shows families, which participated in local administrative. Also present important councillors and their careers. It will tries to reveal their social origin. All of these findings will be compared with the works of authors, which done the same researches for other towns. The last chapter will be focused on relationships between councillors

Nas décadas de 1820 e 1830, o Estado imperial brasileiro passou por uma reestruturação em seu sistema político-administrativo. As Câmaras Municipais, antigos sustentáculos do império português na América, tiveram suas atribuições alteradas com o intuito de enfraquecer o poder local e fortalecer o poder que emanava do imperador Dom Pedro I. No início dos anos 1830, durante o período regencial, o âmbito provincial ganhou espaço no sistema administrativo, como demonstra a submissão das Câmaras Municipais ao Conselho Provincial (inicialmente), ao presidente da Província e à Assembleia Provincial Legislativa. Frente a essa realidade, optamos por estudar a Câmara Municipal de São Francisco de Paula (atual cidade de Pelotas) com o intuito de demonstrar como funcionava a Câmara entre 1832 e 1836, além de, através da análise das relações de compadrio dos vereadores, perceber como se davam os vínculos e como se sustentava o poder local nessa vila sul-rio-grandense, que rapidamente se desenvolvia graças ao enriquecimento de famílias ligadas ao comércio de charque. Para tanto, a presente pesquisa foi realizada a partir da análise das atas das sessões da Câmara entre 1832 e 1836, assim como de registros de batismo da localidade entre 1812 e 1847. / In the 1820s and 1830s, the Brazilian Imperial State went through a restructuring in its political-administrative system. The Town Councils, old fulcrums of the Portuguese Empire in America, had their assignements changed in order to weaken the local power and strengthen the emperor Dom Pedro I’s power. In the early 1830s, during the Regency period, the provincial scope gained ground in the administrative system, as is demonstrated by the Town Councils’ submission to the Provincial Council (initially), to the Province President and to the Legislative Provincial Assembley. Facing this reality, we chose to study the Town Council of São Francisco de Paula (current city of Pelotas), in order to demonstrate, by analyzing the town councilors’ compadrazgo relations, how the Council worked between 1832 and 1836, besides realizing how the bonds were tied and how the local power was sustained in this Southern riograndense village, which quickly developed, thanks to the enrichment of the families linked to beef jerky trading. To do so, this research was conducted by analyzing the Council’s sessions minutes between 1832 and 1836, as well as the baptismal records of the town between 1812 and 1847.

Nas décadas de 1820 e 1830, o Estado imperial brasileiro passou por uma reestruturação em seu sistema político-administrativo. As Câmaras Municipais, antigos sustentáculos do império português na América, tiveram suas atribuições alteradas com o intuito de enfraquecer o poder local e fortalecer o poder que emanava do imperador Dom Pedro I. No início dos anos 1830, durante o período regencial, o âmbito provincial ganhou espaço no sistema administrativo, como demonstra a submissão das Câmaras Municipais ao Conselho Provincial (inicialmente), ao presidente da Província e à Assembleia Provincial Legislativa. Frente a essa realidade, optamos por estudar a Câmara Municipal de São Francisco de Paula (atual cidade de Pelotas) com o intuito de demonstrar como funcionava a Câmara entre 1832 e 1836, além de, através da análise das relações de compadrio dos vereadores, perceber como se davam os vínculos e como se sustentava o poder local nessa vila sul-rio-grandense, que rapidamente se desenvolvia graças ao enriquecimento de famílias ligadas ao comércio de charque. Para tanto, a presente pesquisa foi realizada a partir da análise das atas das sessões da Câmara entre 1832 e 1836, assim como de registros de batismo da localidade entre 1812 e 1847. / In the 1820s and 1830s, the Brazilian Imperial State went through a restructuring in its political-administrative system. The Town Councils, old fulcrums of the Portuguese Empire in America, had their assignements changed in order to weaken the local power and strengthen the emperor Dom Pedro I’s power. In the early 1830s, during the Regency period, the provincial scope gained ground in the administrative system, as is demonstrated by the Town Councils’ submission to the Provincial Council (initially), to the Province President and to the Legislative Provincial Assembley. Facing this reality, we chose to study the Town Council of São Francisco de Paula (current city of Pelotas), in order to demonstrate, by analyzing the town councilors’ compadrazgo relations, how the Council worked between 1832 and 1836, besides realizing how the bonds were tied and how the local power was sustained in this Southern riograndense village, which quickly developed, thanks to the enrichment of the families linked to beef jerky trading. To do so, this research was conducted by analyzing the Council’s sessions minutes between 1832 and 1836, as well as the baptismal records of the town between 1812 and 1847.

Nas décadas de 1820 e 1830, o Estado imperial brasileiro passou por uma reestruturação em seu sistema político-administrativo. As Câmaras Municipais, antigos sustentáculos do império português na América, tiveram suas atribuições alteradas com o intuito de enfraquecer o poder local e fortalecer o poder que emanava do imperador Dom Pedro I. No início dos anos 1830, durante o período regencial, o âmbito provincial ganhou espaço no sistema administrativo, como demonstra a submissão das Câmaras Municipais ao Conselho Provincial (inicialmente), ao presidente da Província e à Assembleia Provincial Legislativa. Frente a essa realidade, optamos por estudar a Câmara Municipal de São Francisco de Paula (atual cidade de Pelotas) com o intuito de demonstrar como funcionava a Câmara entre 1832 e 1836, além de, através da análise das relações de compadrio dos vereadores, perceber como se davam os vínculos e como se sustentava o poder local nessa vila sul-rio-grandense, que rapidamente se desenvolvia graças ao enriquecimento de famílias ligadas ao comércio de charque. Para tanto, a presente pesquisa foi realizada a partir da análise das atas das sessões da Câmara entre 1832 e 1836, assim como de registros de batismo da localidade entre 1812 e 1847. / In the 1820s and 1830s, the Brazilian Imperial State went through a restructuring in its political-administrative system. The Town Councils, old fulcrums of the Portuguese Empire in America, had their assignements changed in order to weaken the local power and strengthen the emperor Dom Pedro I’s power. In the early 1830s, during the Regency period, the provincial scope gained ground in the administrative system, as is demonstrated by the Town Councils’ submission to the Provincial Council (initially), to the Province President and to the Legislative Provincial Assembley. Facing this reality, we chose to study the Town Council of São Francisco de Paula (current city of Pelotas), in order to demonstrate, by analyzing the town councilors’ compadrazgo relations, how the Council worked between 1832 and 1836, besides realizing how the bonds were tied and how the local power was sustained in this Southern riograndense village, which quickly developed, thanks to the enrichment of the families linked to beef jerky trading. To do so, this research was conducted by analyzing the Council’s sessions minutes between 1832 and 1836, as well as the baptismal records of the town between 1812 and 1847.