Thesis (M.S.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 22, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

xi, 43 p. : ill. (some col.) A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / Car use has become the dominant form of transportation, contributing to the health, environmental, and sprawl issues our nation is facing. Alternative modes of transport within urban environments are viable options in alleviating many of these problems. This thesis looks the habits and trends of bicyclists along the Midtown Greenway, a bicycle/pedestrian pathway that runs through Minneapolis, Minnesota and questions whether implementing non-auto throughways has encouraged bicyclists to bike further and to more destinations since its completion in 2006. The methods used to gather data were in-person five-minute surveys given to bicyclists, and analysis of existing data provided by non-profit organizations. Results included mapping each surveyed trip to see taken routes as well as qualitative and quantitative answers. Answers varied, but overall, it seemed that both commuting and leisure riders have increased their trips and distance within Minneapolis since completion of the path, advocating for off-street routes within the city. / Committee in Charge: Dr. Jean Stockard; Dr. Marc Schlossberg, AICP; Lisa Peterson-Bender, AICP

Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Ambiental, Instituto de Educação, 2010. / Submitted by Luize Santos (lui_rg@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-12T01:15:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula Pohren.pdf: 2730772 bytes, checksum: b27ee7fcd15c5ecf8d805d78cd95be63 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2012-09-20T19:06:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula Pohren.pdf: 2730772 bytes, checksum: b27ee7fcd15c5ecf8d805d78cd95be63 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-09-20T19:06:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula Pohren.pdf: 2730772 bytes, checksum: b27ee7fcd15c5ecf8d805d78cd95be63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Este estudo pretende compreender se o projeto “Fim da Picada” com suas trilhas ambientais, desenvolvido a mais de uma década pela ONG ambientalista “Movimento Roessler para Defesa Ambiental”, que atua a aproximadamente trinta anos na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre-RS, pode ser considerado um espaço de Educação Ambiental não formal. O presente estudo se justifica na medida em que busca reconhecer tal projeto como uma ponte para o deslumbramento de seus participantes com um mundo em miniatura, repleto de detalhes e possibilidades para experenciar relações mais harmônicas consigo mesmo, com os demais caminhantes e com os ambientes de natureza não humana. Considerando a reverberação das vivências impressas em seus cotidianos, uma mudança nos sentimentos é percebida como potencial propulsor de atitudes pró ambientais, baseadas no respeito e amorosidade com toda, e qualquer, forma de vida existente. A metodologia empregada neste estudo apóia-se em uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, envolvendo observações participantes e questionário semi estruturado, mediados pelas teorias de Gaston Bachelard, Humberto Maturana, Leonardo Boff, entre outros. As repercussões desta proposta buscam estabelecer o quanto a experiência do contato direto com a natureza não humana pode, e deve despertar em seus participantes uma mudança de sentimentos, através de um emocionar comprometido e responsável com o outro, e com o todo. Pois o caminhante ao refletir sobre o seu modo de andar, e os demais elementos que o cercam, pode experimentar também a oportunidade de percorrer trilhas internas, que o conduzam a novos caminhos para o reconhecimento de si mesmo, reencontrando sua essência solidária, enquanto seres constituídos e constituintes do AMOR. / Its work focuses on the project "The End of The Sting" with its environmental trails developed about a decade for environmentalist ONG Movement for the Defense Environmental Roessler about thirty years of existence and in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre \ RS can be considered an effective area of Environmental Education. This proposed work is justified insofar as it seeks to recognize the above-mentioned project as an effective experience of environmental education, in which participants glimpse into possibilities of having such an experience more harmonious relationships with themselves and once with the environments of non- human. Coming to reverberate in their daily change of feelings that can cause pro-environmental attitudes of respect, loving with all forms of life in the universe. The methodology of this study is based on a qualitative research with focus as participant observation linked the theory of the philosopher Gaston Bachelard, Leonardo Boff, Humberto Maturana and others. The implications of this study attempted to understand how the experience of direct contact with nonhuman nature can awaken in its participants a change of heart, a thrill committed and responsible to the planet, thanks to its internal trails, paths of knowing ourselves and our essence of being constituted and constituent of love.

Master of Landscape Architecture / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional & Community Planning / Laurence A. Clement / The City of Manhattan, Kansas (“the City”) is planning a landscape improvement project for a 0.3-mile portion of one of its non-vehicular rights-of-way (“the Trail”). The focus of the City’s project is to resolve safety issues that have arisen due to a lack of nighttime lighting. While the City’s plan is to implement lighting, this plan would not comprehensively address the Trail users’ and stakeholders’ needs. This study asks, “What design alternatives can be generated to address lighting, safety, and other user and stakeholder concerns for the Trail?” This study employs a literature review, a site inventory and analysis, and a pair of surveys to facilitate the synthesis of a series of design alternatives. The literature review analyzes urban design theory and environmental psychology research to develop a series of design considerations. The site inventory and analysis documents the Trail’s existing conditions through photography, drafting, inventory, observation, and dérive. User and stakeholder surveys were also conducted to gauge existing usage patterns and perceptions of the Trail. From the findings of these methods, a series of environmental designs were developed which respond to users’ experience and stakeholders’ needs as they use and consider the Trail. These designs range on a spectrum of intervention from “minimal” to “high.” It was determined that there are two key regions of the Trail which need immediate attention: an area of thick overgrowth (“the Tunnel”) and an area of ponding and erosion (“the Low Water Crossing”). Additional design considerations were also revealed and addressed by the design alternatives. These designs where then presented to a group of stakeholders who determined that rather than implementing one intervention level, a phasing strategy to implement all intervention levels would be of particular interest. This study also reveals the potential need for a future study about the Trail which would allow stakeholders to analyze the effects of specific, constructed design interventions.

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The current status of the Appalachian Trail in the Commonwealth of Virginia is presented, and the role that easements will play in promoting Virginia's efforts to protect the Trail is investigated. Various aspects of easements are analyzed, including approaches to the appraisal of easements, and the effect of easements on income and property taxes. In concluding, easements are compared with fee acquisition of recreational lands and purchase and lease back. Both positive and negative aspects of easements as reflected in the Virginia Appalachian Trail program are discussed. / M.S.

This dissertation is an inquiry into two disciplines: recreation ecology and geospatial analysis. The dissertation consists of three journal article manuscripts focusing on the sustainability of recreational infrastructure components in backcountry and wilderness settings. Two articles focus on campsite conditions, nodal areas of visitor use and impact. The third article focuses on trail conditions, linear corridors of visitor use and impact. Campsites and trails comprise the most visited and impacted components of recreation infrastructure; locations where protected natural area visitors spend the majority of their time and where the majority of resource impacts occur. Resource conditions at these locations affect the quality of recreational experiences and are the focus of management and scientific efforts to measure and manage visitation-related resource impacts. The articles provide a strong scientific background to understanding ecological processes and better preparing recreation planners and managers for sustainable infrastructure management decision-making. The first article assesses the sustainability of campsites over thirty-two years of use in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness (BWCAW) in northern Minnesota. Differences in vegetation composition, tree cover and groundcover from 1982 to 2014 were measured. Paired t-tests analyzed significant ecological differences on campsites and paired controls over time. Best management practices for managing campsites for the long-term are suggested. The second article analyzes the extent of non-native plants on campsites over thirty-two years. Paired t-tests were used to look at cover and abundance on campsites and control areas between 1982 and 2014. This paper explores ecological benefits and degradation incurred by non-native plants on campsites over time and discusses implications for wilderness character at BWCAW. The third article is interdisciplinary, incorporating ground-based recreation ecology measurements with technical spatial analyses and modeling to improve understanding of erosional processes on trails. Fine resolution terrain data was used to examine terrain metrics as they relate to amount of soil loss. Multiple Linear Regression was used to test a number of variables taken from the field and derived from Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software using a 1m Digital Elevation Model. This paper explores relationships between different terrain variables and soil loss observed on the Appalachian Trail. It provides insights on which terrain features influence erosion and provides recommendations to trail managers to design more sustainable trails. / Ph. D.

by Leung, Yu-fai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 167-178). / abstract --- p.ii / acknowledgements --- p.iv / table of contents --- p.vi / list of tables --- p.ix / list of figures --- p.xi / list of plates --- p.xiii / Chapter CHAPTER I --- introduction / the problem --- p.1 / The Country Parks of Hong Kong --- p.1 / Resource Impacts of Country-Park Recreation --- p.3 / Trail Degradation --- p.4 / objectives of the study --- p.5 / scope of the study --- p.6 / Chapter CHAPTER II --- literature review / introduction --- p.8 / research approaches --- p.9 / physical degradation on trails --- p.11 / Compaction / Widening and Incision / Erosion --- p.16 / FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO TRAIL DEGRADATION --- p.17 / Use Characteristics --- p.19 / Environment --- p.20 / RECREATION IMPACT STUDIES IN HONG KONG --- p.21 / Chapter CHAPTER III --- study area / introduction --- p.24 / the pat sin leng country park --- p.24 / "Topography,Geology and Soils" --- p.25 / Climate and Vegetation --- p.29 / Recreational Use and Management --- p.31 / the pat sin range trail --- p.35 / Chapter CHAPTER IV --- research methodology / introduction --- p.41 / research design --- p.41 / hypotheses --- p.43 / SAMPLING SCHEME --- p.44 / VARIABLES INCLUDED IN THE STUDY --- p.46 / FIELD MEASUREMENTS --- p.49 / Degradation-Indicator Variables --- p.49 / Site Condition Variables --- p.58 / LABORATORY ANALYSIS --- p.63 / DATA MANIPULATION AND ANALYSIS --- p.65 / Chapter CHAPTER V --- SITE AND DEGRADATION CONDITION OF THE PAT SIN RANGE TRAIL / INTRODUCTION --- p.67 / SITE CONDITION OF THE TRAIL --- p.67 / Parent Material --- p.67 / Topography --- p.72 / TREAD SURFACE MATERIAL --- p.80 / COMPACTION OF TRAIL TREAD --- p.82 / MORPHOLOGY OF TRAIL TREAD --- p.90 / Tread width --- p.91 / Incision Depth --- p.94 / Tread Cross-Section Area --- p.96 / Multiple Treads --- p.96 / Other Morphology Variables --- p.98 / OVERALL EVALUATION --- p.98 / Other Evidence of Degradation --- p.98 / Summary Rating --- p.101 / REMARKS --- p.106 / Chapter CHAPTER VI --- ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON TRAIL DEGRDATION / INTRODUCTION --- p.107 / BRANCHING EFFECT OF TRAILS --- p.108 / PARENT MATERIAL --- p.112 / Parent Rock --- p.112 / Soil Properties --- p.115 / LOCATIONAL FACTORS --- p.120 / Aspect --- p.120 / Slope Steepness --- p.124 / Trail Position on Slope --- p.136 / OVERALL EVALUATION --- p.145 / Chapter CHAPTER VII --- MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS / INTRODUCTION --- p.151 / MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS --- p.152 / THE CASE OF PAT SIN RANGE TRAIL --- p.153 / MONITORING TRAIL USE AND IMPACTS --- p.159 / Chapter CHAPTER VIII --- CONCLUSION / SUMMARY OF FINDINGS --- p.162 / LIMITATION OF THE STUDY --- p.164 / SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH --- p.164 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.167 / APPENDIX / DESCRIPTIONS OF SELECTED DEGRADED SITES --- p.179

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Landscape Architecture