One of the most difficult tasks a programmer can be confronted with is the migration of a legacy system. Usually, these systems are unstructured, poorly documented and contain complex program logic. The reason for this, in most cases, is an emphasis on raw performance rather than on clean and structured code as well as a long period of applying quick fixes and enhancements rather than doing a proper software reengineering process including a full redesign during major enhancements. Nowadays, the old programming paradigms are becoming an increasingly serious problem. It has been identified that 90% of the costs of a typical software system arise in the maintenance phase. Many companies are simply too afraid of changing their software infrastructure and prefer to continue with principles like "never touch a running system". These companies experience growing pressure to migrate their legacy systems onto newer platforms because the maintenance of such systems is expensive and dangerous as the risk of losing vital parts of sources code or its documentation increases drastically over time. The FermaT transformation system has shown the ability to automatically or semi-automatically restructure and abstract legacy code within a special intermediate language called WSL (Wide Spectrum Language). Unfortunately, the current transformation process only supports the migration of assembler as WSL lacks the ability to handle data types properly. The data structures in assembler are currently directly translated into C data types which involves many assumptional “hard coded” conversions. The absence of an adequate type system for WSL caused several flaws for the whole transformation process and limits its abilities significantly. The main aim of the presented research is to tackle these problems by investigating and formulating how a type system can contribute to a safe and reliable migration of legacy systems. The described research includes the definition of key aspects of type related problems in the FermaT migration process and how to solve them with a suitable type system approach. Since software migration often includes a change in programming language the type system for WSL has to be able to support various type system approaches including the representation of all relevant details to avoid assumptions. This is especially difficult as most programming languages are designed for a special purpose which means that their possible programming constructs and data types differ significantly. This ranges from languages with simple type systems whose program sare prone to unintended side-effects, to languages with strict type systems which are constrained n their flexibility. It is important to include as many type related details as necessary to avoid making assumptions during language to language translation. The result of the investigation is a novel multi layered type system specifically designed to satisfy the needs of WSL for a sophisticated solution without imposing too many limitations on its abilities. The type system has an adjustable expressiveness, able to represent a wide spectrum of typing approaches ranging from weak typing which allows direct memory access and down casting, via very strict typing with a high diversity of data types to object oriented typing which supports encapsulation and data hiding. Looking at the majority of commercial relevant statically typed programming languages, two fundamental properties of type strictness and safety can be identified. A type system can be either weakly or strongly typed and may or may not allow unsafe features such as direct memory access. Each layer of the Wide Spectrum Type System has a different combination of these properties. The approach also includes special Type System Transformations which can be used to move a given WSL program among these layers. Other emphasised key features are explicit typing and scalability. The whole approach is based on a sound mathematical foundation which assures correctness and integrates seamlessly into the present mathematical definition of WSL. The type system is formally introduced to WSL by constructing an attribute grammar for the language. Type checking and type inference are used to annotate the Abstract Syntax Tree of a given WSL program with type derivations which can be used to reveal and indicate possible typing errors or to infer types if the program did not feature explicit type declarations in the first place. Notable in this approach is also the fact that object orientation is introduced to a procedural programming language without the introduction of new semantics. It is shown that object orientation can be introduced just by adjusting type checking rules and adding some syntactical notations. The approach was implemented and tested on two case studies. The thesis describes and discusses both cases in detail and shows how a migration which ignores type systems could accidentally introduce errors due to assumptions during translation. Both case studies use all important aspects of the approach, Including type transformations and object identification. The thesis finalises by summarising the whole work, identifying limitations, presenting future perspectives and drawing conclusions

This thesis deals with the development of key competencies in teaching of Natural Science in the primary school stage in the system of Waldorf School. The theoretical part of the thesis expounds on the issues of the transformation of education as well as the characteristics of teaching in the system of Waldorf School. Some terms, such as - key competencies, the transformation of education, alternative trends in education, Waldorf pedagogy and its role in transforming education - are explained there. The research part of the thesis presents an action research, which is focused on the development of the key competencies in the epoch of Natural Science in the third grade of Waldorf School. One of the epochs was described by observation. The results of observations were compared by means of additional questionnaires, which were filled out by teachers. The development of the key competencies in the given epoch was described by the analysis of research. The results of the research confirmed that the educational strategy for the development of the key competencies in Waldorf School was at a very good level. The analysis of the research could be used as a source of information for the development of key competencies in other epochs of Natural Science in the third grade in primary schools. Details of the...

Grandes aglomerações urbanas estão geralmente ligadas a seus corpos hídricos de abastecimento de água. Com a Região Metropolitana de São Paulo não foi diferente. Os rios Tietê e Pinheiros passaram por transformações no decorrer dos anos, interferindo no índice de qualidade de águas da Bacia do Alto Tietê. Há, ao mesmo tempo, um elevado consumo de água e inúmeras fontes poluidoras na forma de esgotos domésticos e efluentes industriais. A análise feita do Rio Pinheiros focou duas variáveis: as transformações gradativas e impactantes ocorridas no sistema e as políticas públicas, buscando identificar a relação de decorrência entre elas. As transformações foram analisadas pelos indicadores alterações ocorridas na paisagem e território do sistema, como a retificação e canalização do rio e seu uso e ocupação do solo. A partir de então, este contexto foi confrontado com as políticas públicas ambientais, focando no Projeto Tietê como principal indicador da variável política pública além da UGRH e da qualidade das águas para análise das mudanças ocorridas no sistema. Assim, esta pesquisa pode contribuir com a discussão da melhoria do uso dos recursos naturais metropolitanos. A pesquisa orienta-se pela perspectiva sistêmica apoiada nos conceitos de impactos e de derivações antropogenéticas dos sistemas, o que permite analisar as alterações mais velozes e mais gradativas (respectivamente) advindas da conexão entre a dinâmica dos elementos naturais (sistemas) e a dinâmica dos agentes sociais (derivações antropogenéticas). Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados são a análise sistêmica, no momento do diagnóstico, e a análise integrada, no momento do prognóstico. As alterações ocorridas, e o uso e ocupação das margens contribuíram para o índice atual de qualidade de águas do sistema. Estas transformações ocorreram de forma gradativa e impactante e apenas décadas depois do começo destas intervenções, políticas públicas tentam melhorar a qualidade hídrica metropolitana, com o desenvolvimento de projetos de despoluição, que já apresentam melhoria nas qualidades de água, mas ainda não foram capazes de fazer com que o rio mudasse de classe de acordo com a classificação CONAMA 357. / Large urban agglomerations are generally linked to their bodies of water. In the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo it was no different. The Tietê and Pinheiros rivers have undergone transformations over the years, affecting the water quality index of the Upper Tietê Basin. There is at the same time, a high consumption of water and many sources of pollution in the form of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. The analysis focused on the Rio Pinheiros two variables: the gradual and transformations occurring in the system and impacting public policy, seeking to identify the relationship between them due. The changes were identified by the indicators of changes in the landscape and territory system and their uses. Since then, this context was confronted with environmental policies, focusing on the Tiete project as the main indicator variable beyond the UGRH and the quality water treatment for the analysis of public policy changes in the system. Thus, this research can contribute to analyze the interventions in the river with a discussion of improving the use of natural resources. The research is guided by the systems perspective and is based on the concepts of impact and derivations anthropogenetic systems, which allows to analyze the fast and more gradual (respectively) changes arising from the connection between the dynamics of natural elements (systems) and the dynamics of social agents ( anthropogenetic derivations). The method used was based on the analysis of evolutionary transformations of the water course. The methodological procedures used are systemic analysis during the diagnosis, and integrated analysis at the time of prognosis. The changes and the use and occupancy of the banks contributed to the current rate of water quality system. These changes occurred gradually and impactful and only decades after the beginning of these interventions, policymakers are trying to improve the water quality in the metropolitan areas, with the development of remediation projects, having already improved water quality, but have not been able to change the river conditions according to the class classification CONAMA 357.

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Grandes aglomerações urbanas estão geralmente ligadas a seus corpos hídricos de abastecimento de água. Com a Região Metropolitana de São Paulo não foi diferente. Os rios Tietê e Pinheiros passaram por transformações no decorrer dos anos, interferindo no índice de qualidade de águas da Bacia do Alto Tietê. Há, ao mesmo tempo, um elevado consumo de água e inúmeras fontes poluidoras na forma de esgotos domésticos e efluentes industriais. A análise feita do Rio Pinheiros focou duas variáveis: as transformações gradativas e impactantes ocorridas no sistema e as políticas públicas, buscando identificar a relação de decorrência entre elas. As transformações foram analisadas pelos indicadores alterações ocorridas na paisagem e território do sistema, como a retificação e canalização do rio e seu uso e ocupação do solo. A partir de então, este contexto foi confrontado com as políticas públicas ambientais, focando no Projeto Tietê como principal indicador da variável política pública além da UGRH e da qualidade das águas para análise das mudanças ocorridas no sistema. Assim, esta pesquisa pode contribuir com a discussão da melhoria do uso dos recursos naturais metropolitanos. A pesquisa orienta-se pela perspectiva sistêmica apoiada nos conceitos de impactos e de derivações antropogenéticas dos sistemas, o que permite analisar as alterações mais velozes e mais gradativas (respectivamente) advindas da conexão entre a dinâmica dos elementos naturais (sistemas) e a dinâmica dos agentes sociais (derivações antropogenéticas). Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados são a análise sistêmica, no momento do diagnóstico, e a análise integrada, no momento do prognóstico. As alterações ocorridas, e o uso e ocupação das margens contribuíram para o índice atual de qualidade de águas do sistema. Estas transformações ocorreram de forma gradativa e impactante e apenas décadas depois do começo destas intervenções, políticas públicas tentam melhorar a qualidade hídrica metropolitana, com o desenvolvimento de projetos de despoluição, que já apresentam melhoria nas qualidades de água, mas ainda não foram capazes de fazer com que o rio mudasse de classe de acordo com a classificação CONAMA 357. / Large urban agglomerations are generally linked to their bodies of water. In the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo it was no different. The Tietê and Pinheiros rivers have undergone transformations over the years, affecting the water quality index of the Upper Tietê Basin. There is at the same time, a high consumption of water and many sources of pollution in the form of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. The analysis focused on the Rio Pinheiros two variables: the gradual and transformations occurring in the system and impacting public policy, seeking to identify the relationship between them due. The changes were identified by the indicators of changes in the landscape and territory system and their uses. Since then, this context was confronted with environmental policies, focusing on the Tiete project as the main indicator variable beyond the UGRH and the quality water treatment for the analysis of public policy changes in the system. Thus, this research can contribute to analyze the interventions in the river with a discussion of improving the use of natural resources. The research is guided by the systems perspective and is based on the concepts of impact and derivations anthropogenetic systems, which allows to analyze the fast and more gradual (respectively) changes arising from the connection between the dynamics of natural elements (systems) and the dynamics of social agents ( anthropogenetic derivations). The method used was based on the analysis of evolutionary transformations of the water course. The methodological procedures used are systemic analysis during the diagnosis, and integrated analysis at the time of prognosis. The changes and the use and occupancy of the banks contributed to the current rate of water quality system. These changes occurred gradually and impactful and only decades after the beginning of these interventions, policymakers are trying to improve the water quality in the metropolitan areas, with the development of remediation projects, having already improved water quality, but have not been able to change the river conditions according to the class classification CONAMA 357.

This diploma thesis deals with verification of quality of the valid cadastral map in cadastral unit Heroltice u Tišnova. In pursuance of the thesis were surveyed primarily perceptible boundaries of the estates and perimeters of the buildings, and ascertained situation of the surveyed borders and the perimeters of the buildings was compared with situation of these depicted in the cadastral map pursuant to paragraph 13 and 15 of Annexe of the regulation no. 357/2013. Detected discrepancies are commented in the thesis and for specific cases are suggested specific solutions in order to achieve a proper condition of the situations. Outcome of the thesis may be used by relevant authority as a material for decision about implementation of the renewal of cadastral documentation using new mapping, or as a tool for owners of the estates for finding out what kind of discrepancies were detected on their estates and how they can rectify them.

Diploma thesis "Analysis of Dům tří přání clients and their family background" presents the current system of care for children at risk in the historical development of children`s rights protection, social-legal protection of children; actual concept of particular departments, state administration, and non-government sector. The social-legal protection of children in the Czech Republic is segmental and is not enough to guarantee children`s rights to live in their biological families in case of support shortage. The forthcoming transformation and unification of the system of care for children is a great appeal for improving the cooperative work of all concerned in this field. One of the important element of the system, acting as a part of prevention of putting children into the institutions with constitutional education, is the civil association "Dům tří přání" which is authorized in providing the social-legal protection of children, and devices for children requiring immediate help. With the help of analysis of family background of children who are the clients of "Dům tří přání", and processing of selected statistical data, the given diploma thesis specifies some functional methods of working with children at risk and their families, directed to the safe family background and child`s development in the family.

This thesis had two maim aims. First to analyse the work of municipal social workers in Pardubice county. It sought to answer following questions: what are the current practices of OSPOD workers in various areas of their work? What will the new law on social protection of children change? What else is needed to move closer the best possible practise? The second aim was to estimate what proportion of children currently placed in institutions for babies in Pardubice county would need foster in case the institutions were closed down and what proportion of children currently placed need not be removed from the family at all were their families provided with support. As for the first aim, the analysis has shown that many aspects of the work of OSPOD play an important in the system of care for vulnerable children, yet the current practise in most of them significantly lags behind what could be called best possible practise. The new law will change the situation only partly. On the positive side significant changes in the practise of OSPOD is achievable. As for the second aim, due to limitations of available data, only very rough estimates could be made. But the estimates suggest that not so huge human and financial resources would be required to replace institutions for babies

The goal of the diploma thesis „Salaries in state and public administration in the Czech Republic – development and trends“ is the analysis and description of the salary system. First part of the thesis explains basic theoretical concepts and values in this field of study. The development of the described values is set in the overal context of the economic situation in the Czech Republic. The second part describes principles of remunaration in state and public administration, both past and present. Salary system function is also compared with that of neighboring countries. The outcome of the thesis is the analysis of the salary system and also certain recommendations that resulted from the study of researched topic.

Einleitung: Inklusive Bildung basiert auf dem Prinzip, dass jeder Mensch das Recht auf Zugang zu hochwertiger Bildung hat und sein volles Potenzial entwickeln kann (Niendorf, 2016). Das von der Stiftung Innovationen in der Hochschullehre geförderte Projekt „Lernen inklusiv(e)@BTU“ erkennt die Bedeutung inklusiver Bildung an und nutzt die Möglichkeiten der vorhandenen Technologien, um den unterschiedlichen Lernbedürfnissen von Studierenden an der Brandenburgischen Technischen Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg (BTU) gerecht zu werden.