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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

The siting of public transport facilities in a predominately low to middle-income area, Klapmuts, on the outskirts of a metropolitan city, Cape Town

Wagner, Luke Phillip January 2017 (has links)
The motivation for this study pertains to the Integrated Development Plan (IDP) for the Stellenbosch Municipal area identifying Klapmuts as an area in high need for formalising public transport infrastructure. The need for formalised public transport has arisen due to the envisaged future growth of Klapmuts, and the status quo of minibus-taxi operations in Klapmuts. The aim of this research was to critically evaluate relevant guidelines and policy documentation to aid in the siting of public transport facilities in a low to middle-income area, using Klapmuts, located on the outskirts of a metropolitan city, Cape Town as the study area. From a critical assessment of current practices, a warranting and siting practice for public transport and associated infrastructure was formulated which takes cognisance of the social and demographic characteristics of atypical low to middle-income area, as well as budgetary prioritisation and policy constraints imposed by the various planning and legislative entities to ensure that infrastructure is provided for in an efficient and effective manner. The warranting and siting practice developed in this dissertation serves to identify the public transport needs associated with affected groups including operators, passengers, and the community as a whole, and propose facilities and locations of facilities to cater for these needs. The methodology for the warranting and siting practice for minibus-taxi ranks and terminals, involves identifying the current needs for the study area, describing those considerations used to select a type of facility, and developing evaluation criteria which can quantitively compare sites in order to derive the most optimal alternatives for future investment.
32

The use of mobile phone technology in the collection of user perceptions of walkability along pedestrian routes from public transport in Cape Town and New Delhi

Wasswa, Banele January 2016 (has links)
Background: Cities in developing countries are upgrading their public transport at unprecedented rates in efforts to create transportation systems that are more sustainable and equitable. South Africa and India are seeing massive investments in features that are improving operational characteristics of public transport systems. However, more effort will need to be expended in improving public transport access/egress conditions, in order to ensure that public transport is a competitive alternative to door to door motorised transport trips. Particular attention will need to be paid to non-motorised transport, as it is the most common means of access/egress for people in the Global South, despite conditions for pedestrians being uncomfortable and a threat to their safety and security. Traditional methods of evaluating the accessibility of public transport stations have been found to be overly mechanistic. Through improved operationalisation of built environment factors and crowd sourcing user perceptions, a better understanding of how supportive the built environment is for walking can be achieved. Study details: This study presents the following: 1. The development and testing of an Android mobile phone application, along with its associated online dashboard. The mobile phone application allows for the collection of data on the pedestrian experience and is a shift away from the mechanistic approach to understanding pedestrian challenges. Using the application, users rate their walking environment along dimensions of safety, security, infrastructure and comfort, while geo-tagging walking routes. The dashboard is used to store and visualise the users' perception data and multimedia captured using the mobile phones. 2. A proposed spatial analysis method, using Spatial Clustering Algorithms for analysing data captured using the mobile phone application. As crowd sourced datasets are very large, filtering approaches may not be capable of distinguishing between outliers and clusters of high/low ratings. Thus, more robust analysis methods are required in order to extract meaningful insights. 3. The piloting of the application and proposed spatial analysis method in Cape Town and New Delhi. Results of pilot studies: Six public transport locations across Cape Town and New Delhi were chosen for the pilot studies. Survey facilitators, with the application preloaded on mobile phones, intercepted public transport users travelling along their egress trips. Respondents were asked to make use of the application to report on their perception of the walking environment as they were escorted to their destination.
33

Investigating pedestrian safety solutions on rural high-order roads. Case-study: R71 Polokwane

Mokoma, Lesedi Dibuseng January 2017 (has links)
South Africa's pedestrian accident rate is one of the highest in the world. The percentage of pedestrian accidents to total road accidents is approximately 33% (RTMC, 2011) far greater than the world average of 22% (World Health Organisation, 2013). The problem is more acute in rural areas where 1 in 3 pedestrian accidents results in pedestrian fatalities. The ratio on urban roads is 1 in 10. The sobering pedestrian safety statistics describing South Africa's rural roads have prompted the need to research functional and effective traffic engineering solutions that can improve pedestrian safety on rural high order roads located near human settlements. This investigation is conducted using the R71 Polokwane -a road with a history of pedestrian safety problems- as a case study. Pedestrian safety risk factors and an assessment methodology for pedestrian risk on rural high order roads are derived from a review of local and international literature. The pedestrian risk assessment methodology is applied to the R71 study area. This process highlights the shortcomings of the current accident data collection process. Critical information such as accident cause and location; driver and pedestrian characteristics such as age and gender; important information such as vehicle type and age, injuries, fatalities, etc. are not recorded. The limited data minimises the depth of the analysis however a reasonable high level understanding of the pedestrian safety risk factors and the risk in the study area is attained. The R71 study area is characterised by villages, farms and an urban settlement. The prevalence of pedestrian accidents is higher in villages and lowest in the urban settlements. This is attributed to the infrastructure provision in the urban settlement. The causes of pedestrian risk on the R71 are concluded as: ● Lack of integrated land use and transport planning; ● Lack of pedestrian infrastructure. ● Poor design of speed transition zones between rural areas and villages and urban areas. A literature review of effective pedestrian safety measures that are being implemented locally and abroad is compiled. Some of the solutions are impractical for the rural South African context particularly because they are dependent on consistent energy sources and may require routine maintenance. A solution framework based on the pedestrian safety risk identified on the R71 is designed to guide countermeasure selection and design in rural contexts. In the end, solutions deemed suitable for the rural context are: effective high to low speed transition zones; the provision of fenced-off service roads and strategic crossing points; and the removal and enforcement of land use in the road reserve of high order roads. These solutions must be complemented with community training and consistent law enforcement.
34

Evaluation of the modal choice behaviour and bus service preferences of commuters of the scheduled Golden Arrow Bus Services (Pty) Ltd using stated choice data

Cloete, Brendon Lee January 2014 (has links)
Evaluation Problem: The Western Cape Provincial Government faces a public problem of declining service levels with respect of public bus transport services. Stemming from the public problem is the management problem of modelling choice behaviour of commuter stated choices for utility maximisation and therefore as a means of optimising the allocation of the Public Transport Operating Grant (PTOG) expenditure. Historically, differing perceptions amongst travellers, and the difficulties in quantifying these attributes, mean that they are rarely included (directly) within the modelling and appraisal process, or the associated utility computation (Crockett, Sinclair and Whelan. 2008:11). A combination of policies which would ensure that the discrete choices of commuters for an improved bus service are considered in a modal shift from the Golden Arrow Bus Services (Pty) Ltd (GABS) bus service to the MyCiTi Integrated Rapid Transit (IRT) service is required to be produced from this evaluation. Evaluation Approach: The evaluation brings together data and analytical information on a broader, more inclusive, societal model of the public transport service in Cape Town. It seeks to: - identify the value aspects of the public bus transport infrastructure and services, - identify and model choice behaviour of GABS bus service users, - generate preference valuations for public transport service attributes and - determine the effect of service attributes on modal choice namely GABS and a hypothetical MyCiTi service area. A discrete choice experiment models the stated choices of respondents who were made to choose between various combinations of service levels during the morning and afternoon peak commuting times. The commuters' willingness to pay for a switch to a new MyCiTi IRT-type service from their current choice of an existing GABS bus service is estimated. The choice data is collected by means of an on-board bus survey along three particular routes in Table View, a West Coast Region in the City of Cape Town, South Africa and where the new MyCiTi service is being introduced. The analyses will show which service attributes are significant in commuter mode choice behaviour, such as changes travel time, fare prices and other significant service attributes, as well as which level of service would maximise utility for the target population. Major Evaluative Conclusions: The evaluation found that the DCE choice modelling approach used was unfamiliar to the respondents and would most likely not have been completely understood. Although the factorial approach to designing the experiment could identify an exhaustive list of value aspects to choose from, the need to adopt a fractional factorial in the final design does necessitate further experimentation to produce a more comprehensive choice model, inclusive of more service attributes and with the discrete choice models corroborated with revealed preference data. Seat availability was by far the most significant choice determinant and the lack thereof would be a serious deterrent to a modal shift to using the new MyCiTi service. The number of transfers during the trip and the distance of the bus stop from home were also significant choice determinants. The choice models indicated that the female commuters particularly, were willing to pay for the new MyCiTi bus-type service. In the absence of suitable seating capacity, a reduced travel time would be required to reduce the standing times and make the MyCiTi service an attractive option. The analysis produced inconclusive data for ridership predictions, although it can generally be said that provided sufficient seating, the GABS bus users will be willing to switch modes, as there is no indication in the data to suggest otherwise. Considering the preferences expressed for the service attributes, a hypothetical service can be proposed, with a service mix of R9.00 per trip, that would take 45 minutes and that offered the commuter a seat for the journey. The first bus stop would be no more than two kilometres away and the journey would consist of no more than one transfer to reach the final destination.
35

Transit oriented development in the South African context: an analytical review of Johannesburg's recent urban policy and strategy

Bickford, Geoffrey January 2016 (has links)
Globally, the growth trend of cities over the past century has been one of rapid outward expansion. It is no coincidence that this growth has coincided with the rapid uptake of the private automobile. There is now unequivocal evidence that the two phenomena are deeply interrelated. South Africa has not escaped these influences, but the picture is slightly nuanced. Apartheid spatial planning has defined the urban experience in contemporary South Africa. Many black people still live extraordinarily far from places of economic opportunity and are forced to commute using dissatisfactory public transport services over long distances, for many hours at high personal and household costs. Confronting the apartheid spatial pattern has consistently been at the forefront of urban policy in democratic South Africa. Transit Oriented Development (TOD) has gained much traction globally as a concept which can provide strengthened alignment between public transport systems and urban development patterns, fostering more sustainable and liveable city fabrics. TOD is increasingly being drawn on in South Africa as an approach to more sustainable and socially integrated development, evidenced through its explicit inclusion in the National Development Plan which calls for the 'internationally accepted principles' of TOD to be applied. The overarching aim of the research is to interrogate how TOD is being understood in a South African context. The research seeks to bring the range of TOD international and local literature together to provide a thorough literature review on the topic. In depth South African insight will be provided by drawing on the case of Johannesburg's recent urban policy and strategy and an associated stakeholder interview analysis in an attempt to move beyond the rhetoric and gain important insights from potential TOD implementation stakeholders. Key research questions are: what are the lessons on offer from international experience?; to what extent is there evidence that these have been applied in developing a TOD understanding in Johannesburg specifically and South Africa more generally?; and ultimately taking into consideration the international experience, local insights and context, how is TOD being understood in South Africa? The research is primarily literature review based. Thus, existing international literature detailing TOD principles, approaches, experiences and outcomes as well as the limited South African literature on the topic, including policy and strategy documents are drawn on to build and understanding of the details of the concept and how it is being unpacked in South Africa. A case study of the City of Johannesburg is carried out to develop a focused understanding of how TOD is being understood in South Africa. The case study comprises a literary review of the policy, strategy and planning documents of the municipality over the past decade. The literature review is supplemented by a stakeholder analysis of identified potentially important stakeholders in a TOD agenda. Fifteen stakeholders were contacted for interviews and eleven (n=11) interviews were eventually conducted. The combination of the international and South African literature, the Johannesburg policy analysis and the stakeholder insights are argued to provide sufficient information to answer the research questions.
36

Transit-oriented development: a case study of Rosebank, City of Johannesburg

Baylis, Michael Leighton January 2017 (has links)
The use of the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) concept is commonplace in many South African municipal spatial development frameworks aimed at guiding future urban development towards more compact and efficient forms. The indication is that the achievement of planned TOD (i.e. where there is an approved spatial development framework), an area of high density, mixed land use served by car-competitive public transport services, is often hampered by the absence of aligned policies and other factors that would help achieve success. This research looks into these policies and success factors, and more specifically considers whether parking provision and management in such areas is a critical component in achieving or discouraging modal change from private car usage to public and non-motorised movement and the achievement of a desirable high density live-and-work environment. It uses the long-established Rosebank Regional Node in the City of Johannesburg and the approved Rosebank Urban Development Framework, 2008, ("RUDF") as a case study, quantifying the spatial planning proposals and identifying possible shortcomings in the implementation of the TOD in this existing suburban area, now served by a Gautrain Station. The quantification of the RUDF proposals serves to identify the proposed land uses within the node and facilitates the application of the relevant parking standards and trip generation factors applicable to each, thereby illustrating the traffic demand on the road network as well as the parking to be supplied if current parking policies are adhered to. These are then compared the road network's capacity to identify mismatches. The research shows that the current practice of promoting densification while applying the standard parking suburban regulations (drafted in 1979) will not achieve a less private-cardependent lifestyle, and that without integrating parking policy and traffic demand management into the planning strategy, the likelihood is that the TOD vision will fail.
37

Modelling road space prioritisation for public transport using AIMSUN: a case study in Durban

Moodley, Lavern January 2017 (has links)
This study exhibits road space prioritisation of three types of public transport systems. The study first goes into a literature review of road space prioritisation and aspects of modelling this. These types of systems were then modelled using a case study of a single corridor in Durban, South Africa. Both a macroscopic modelling and microscopic modelling package were used to model a base year and various public transport scenarios. This was done to illustrate the effects of road space prioritisation along a corridor of the city. The three public transport scenarios performed were: a quality bus scenario, a bus rapid transit system scenario and a mini-bus -taxi scenario. For a certain purpose, a relationship in road capacity could be formed between the macroscopic model and the microscopic model. A costing analysis of these three scenarios was done at the end of the results chapter. It was concluded that the bus rapid transit system was the most feasible public transport system for the corridor based on the demand pattern used in this study for that specific corridor.
38

Paratransit operators' participation in public transport reform in Cape Town: a qualitative investigation of their business aspirations and attitudes to reform

Schalekamp, Hertzog Venter January 2015 (has links)
Includes bibliographical references / The South African government launched two public transport reform programmes in the last two decades to address generally declining services as well as specific problems with paratransit, the dominant service provider. One programme aims to incorporate paratransit in new bus-based networks in cities; the other is a national paratransit fleet renewal scheme. Cape Town is arguably most advanced with the former, and the first phase of its bus network is nearing completion. Paratransit operators have shown resistance to both programmes, yet there have been few efforts to gain direct insight into their views on their businesses or their attitudes to reform. It is thus difficult to identify reasons behind their unenthusiastic response, or to understand if revisions to the programmes might cause more operators to opt in. This research employed a case study strategy to investigate paratransit operators' business aspirations and needs in Cape Town, and to identify commonalities between their attitudes and the aims of the reform programmes to inform potential amendments to these programmes. The details of incorporating paratransit operators in the new bus system in Cape Town were not systematically recorded, and it was thus first necessary to trace the engagement process between the municipality and these operators. Information was drawn from a variety of sources over a six-year period. Against this background, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 30 operators and eight drivers from different parts of the city to explore their aspirations and views on reform. Access was arranged through trusted intermediaries and the eight associations to which respondents belonged. The research revealed that operators were not necessarily passive players waiting for government-led change: some established large transport enterprises, whereas others built small-scale businesses. Propositions were subsequently drawn, amongst other things, on the prospects of and potential revisions to the reform programmes. The recapitalisation programme has had the broader reach of the two programmes. The national government should consider extending it and reviewing its financial support mechanism to make it more accessible to small operators. Larger businesses might be well positioned for incorporation in bus operating companies, but concerted efforts must be made to build trust with these operators and to familiarise them with the transition process. By documenting operator incorporation in the bus system, and providing first-hand insight into paratransit aspirations and attitudes to reform, the research ultimately contributes a basis from which to understand operators' existing responses to reform and the potential for their greater participation in it.
39

Urban regeneration through transit-oriented development: an initial perspective from the global South

Vandewater, Samuel January 2015 (has links)
As cities age and change, certain areas begin to physically decay and suffer from the flight of both its residents, as well as socioeconomic activities. The means by which these areas are regenerated remains an issue for many cities, who are unable to reconnect these places with opportunities needed to thrive. In response to this challenge, transit-oriented developments have become a more recent, sustainable form of urban growth that allow people to navigate a city's socioeconomic activities and opportunities through well-established modes of transportation. This has the potential to create cities in which people are able to have a 'live, work, play' lifestyle, supported by various modes of public transportation that also connects them to the broader urban context. The case study method is used to determine the viability of utilising transit-oriented developments as a path for enabling urban regeneration and to examine a space in need of regeneration that is also well-connected to various modes of urban transportation. Bellville Central provides an example of attempts to address urban decay through various efforts of regeneration, with the insights of the users of the space became invaluable resources for the study. The users found that safety, walkability, and transportation were of the utmost importance and should be improved to help regenerate the area, while other data suggested a need for more diverse socioeconomic activities. The results of the study reveal many overlapping principles such as notions of liveability, that, while aimed at different goals, use methods that are often complementary or even identical to each other, thus regenerative interventions should include additional theories (like transit-oriented development) and broader, inclusive impacts.
40

Enhancing integrated transport planning: A spatial multi-criteria analysis approach to the MyCiTi integrated rapid transit system, South Africa

Barendse, Caro-Joy January 2016 (has links)
Since the birth of the automobile in 1886, its popularity amongst people has risen dramatically owing to the freedom, comfort, speed, safety and unique designs offered by this mode of transport. 2014 saw approximately 71.15 million units of new vehicle sales globally, showing that private car usage is still on the rise. Rapid degradation of the environment and slumped economic growth can be attributed to the automobilecentric transport system. Raised environmental and social awareness has driven campaigns to promote greener modes of transport instead, such as public and nonmotorised transportation. This has seen the introduction of BRT systems in South African cities however; fully integrated transport systems are yet to be achieved. Thus there is a dire need for a design support tool that is adequately capable of processing built environment characteristics in the development of a BRT feeder network that is fully appreciative of the influence of NMT and the urban fabric, and is thus appropriate to the needs of the community it is trying to serve. This study comprised the application of two Spatial Multi-Criteria based methodologies in which a list of built environment characteristics and public transport demand formed the inputs for the analyses. The analysis produced a composite suitability map for each approach, in which each pixel represented the appropriateness of having a BRT feeder route located in that respective pixel. Routes between O-D pairs identified were solved by carrying out a least cost path assessment based on the mean impedance values along the existing road network. The routes developed were compared to the MyCiTi feeder bus routes using Key Performance Indicators established in this research to determine whether this study was successful in producing an enhanced BRT feeder route planning tool. Apart from one route, the set of feeder routes developed for each approach were exactly the same with the second method producing lower average impedance values per kilometre thus it was deemed stronger. When compared to the MyCiTi feeder routes, similar operational efficiencies were achieved with respect to average travel time, coverage and directness. However; the study methodologies provided a greater level of NMT planning inclusion and consideration of environmental factors. Furthermore; it achieved this in a systematic and transparent manner, providing immensely powerful benefits for transportation planners in the public sector. This study was successful in demonstrating that SMCA combined with the Network Analyst tool in ArcGIS has the ability to enhance the quality and appropriateness of BRT feeder routes, whilst achieving acceptable operational efficiencies. The results could further be improved by incorporating more data on local NMT trends and behaviour. Furthermore; this tool can be applied to solving pedestrian, bicycle and other public transport routing problems.

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