Träd i tropiska våtmarker har uppmärksammats som en viktig källa till regionala och globala metan (CH4) utsläpp, då träd fungerar som utsläppskanaler för metan som bildas i sedimenten. Dock finns det en osäkerhet gällande säsongsvariation och rumslig variation samt mängden CH4 utsläpp från träd, eftersom kunskapen kring regionala flöden är begränsad. Därför strävar vi efter att optimera provtagningsinsatser för att öka möjligheten till representativa uppskattningar för olika typer av skogsekosystem och förbättra kunskapen om rumslig och temporär variabilitet för framtida mätningar i Amazonas. Vi undersökte variabiliteten i flöden av CH4 från träd belägna i tre periodvis översvämmade platser (Solimões, Negro and Tapajós) längs Amazonfloden, med olika karaktäristiska egenskaper. Studien genomfördes in situ med slutna kammare på 36 träd vid de tre provplatserna, under olika hydrologiska säsonger. Platserna visade en stor säsongsvariation i CH4-flöden, med de största bidragen under högvattensäsong. En signifikant skillnad mellan två av platserna upptäcktes endast under högvatten och detta kan vara ett resultat av vattnets varierande fysikaliska och kemiska egenskaper. Med hänsyn till variation inom studieplatserna har indelning av zoner betydelse för mätning av CH4-flöden i träd, då vattennivån är en påverkande faktor. En stor rumslig variation upptäcktes, med lägre flöden i zonen närmast land och med det högsta flödet i zonen där förhållanden varierar mest mellan blött och torrt. Detta mönster kan beaktas genom att utföra provtagningar längs zonerna med hänsyn till vattenavståndet. / Tropical wetland-adapted trees are recognized as an important source of regional and global methane (CH4) emissions, by transport of soil gas through wetland trees. However, spatiotemporal variability and controls on the magnitude of tree-mediated CH4 emissions remain unknown as fluxes are poorly constrained. Therefore, we aim to optimize sampling efforts to yield representative emission estimates for distinct types of forest ecosystems and improve knowledge on spatial and temporal variability. We examined the variability in tree stem mediated CH4 fluxes in situ, located in three different floodplains (Solimões, Negro and Tapajós) with various characteristics, during different hydrological seasons. The sampling was conducted by measuring fluxes from 36 trees at each location using closed chambers. All the three study sites, situated in the Amazon region, displayed seasonal variability in CH4 fluxes, with the largest contributions observed during the wet season. A significant difference between Solimões and Negro was detected during the wet season and this may be a result of the different chemical and physical characteristics between the sampling locations. As for within the study sites, zones played a significant role for CH4 flux from trees since the water level influences the fluxes. A strong spatial variability (lower fluxes in the land zone, and the highest flux obtained in the zone with greatest variability between dry and wet conditions) was found. This pattern can be addressed by sampling along flooded and non-flooded zones. / The Global Methane Budget

It is well known that methane (CH4) is emitted from soil, water and wetlands under anaerobic conditions through methanogenesis. CH4 is the final product of the anaerobic respiration of the microorganism methanogen. More recently, it has been shown that CH4 is also emitted by trees and if only the emissions from soil and water are measured the fluxes of CH4 in the ecosystem will be underestimated. Considering the emission from trees, the Amazon region greatly contributes to global emissions. To investigate if there is need for method development for measuring CH4 fluxes, the aim in this study was to statistically test the spatial and the short temporal variability of CH4 emissions from trees. This was done within and between two different seasons in three different plots in the Amazon basin during the year 2017. Samples of CH4 were collected using semi rigid chambers placed on tree stems. The samples were later analyzed in a laboratory environment using the Los Gatos Ultraportable Greenhouse Gas Analyzer (UGGA). For the statistical analysis non-parametric test were used, due to the non-parametric data. In this study, the result shows that the short temporal variability is not statistically significant in any of the three plots, but the short temporal variability is statistically significant between the two seasons. This tells us that it is of importance to collect samples during different seasons of the year when measuring CH4 emissions from trees. The spatial variability is statistically significant on all the three plots in both seasons. This tell us that it is important to collect samples from different heights of the tree stems when collecting CH4 samples regardless of the season. / The Global Methane Budget