Magistro baigiamajam darbui pasirinkta tema yra Trimačiai objektai: atvaizdavimo ir deformacijos algoritmai. Ši tema nagrinėja paviršiaus rekonstrukciją iš taškų debesies ir galimybes pritaikyti paviršiaus deformacijos algoritmus. Analizės etapo metu išsiaiškinta, kad pagrindinė paviršiaus atstatymo iš taškų debesies problema yra lėtas algoritmų veikimas. Šiame darbe siūlomas atvirkštinės inžinerijos metodas, veikiantis 2D Delaunay trianguliacijos pagrindu. Pateikiami algoritmai padalina taškų debesį į kelias dalis, tada iš trimatės erdvės taškų debesies dalys yra transformuojamos į dvimatę erdvę, suskaičiuojama 2D Delaunay trianguliacija ir gautas trikampių tinklelis vėl transformuojamas į trimatę erdvę. Taip pat pateikiamos teorinės galimybės gautą paviršių transformuoti jau žinomu algoritmu. Po algoritmų praktinio įgyvendinimo buvo nustatyta, kad jie veikia taip kaip tikėtasi, rezultatas gaunamas greičiau nei naudojant kitus žinomus algoritmus. Taip pat buvo pastebėta, kad 2D Delaunay trianguliaciją geriau naudoti kai taškų skaičius taškų debesyje yra labai didelis, o kai taškų skaičius neviršija 2000 geriau naudoti 3D Delaunay trianguliaciją. / The chosen theme of the Master of Science degree paper is “Three dimensional objects: visualization and deformation algorithms“. This subject considers surface reconstruction from point clouds and the possibilities to apply surface deformation algorithms. During the analysis phase we found that the main problem of the algorithms of surface reconstruction from scanned point clouds is the lack of speed. So in this paper a method, based on 2D Delaunay triangulation, for reverse engineering is proposed. This method divides point clouds into several parts, and then maps all the points of those point cloud parts to the plane. Then a 2D Delaunay triangulation is computed and the mesh is mapped back to the point cloud. We also give theoretical possibilities to apply a known algorithm for surface deformation. During the implementation phase we found that our algorithms work as expected, but quicker than the other methods proposed earlier. We also noticed that it’s better to use 2D Delaunay triangulation for bigger point clouds and 3D Delaunay triangulation for point clouds, which contains no more than approximately 2000 points.

Nagrinėjama GPS prietaiso Trimble R8 GNSS tikslumas. Tirta sudaryto geodezinio pagrindo tikslumo charakteristikos, remiantis atliktais GPS (globalinės padėties taškų nustatymo sistema) matavimais ir išskaičiuotomis geodezinio pagrindo punktų koordinatėmis. Atlikta analizė rodo, kad anksčiau sudarytas trianguliacijos tinklas yra aukšto tikslumo ir pilnai tenkina bei ateityje tenkins Kauno miesto geodezinio pagrindo reikalavimus, todėl punktų koordinates keisti būtų netikslinga. Apskaičiuotąsias GPS matavimais punktų koordinates vietinėje sistemoje tikslinga būtų taikyti, vykdant tik aukšto tikslumo geodezinius darbus. / The analysis GPS instrument Trimble R8 GNSS accuracy. Precision characteristics of performed geodesic basis were examined according to GPS (global location point determination) measurement and calculated coordinates of points of geodesic basis. The analysis showed, that triangulation net that was made earlier is of high precision and meets completely and will meet in the future the needs of city geodesic basis, therefore it is not expedient to change the coordinates of the points. The application of point coordinates calculated according to GPS (global location point determination) measurement in local system would be expedient when prosecuting geodesic works of high precision only in the city and coordinates of old planimetric net should be used for performance of gross scale topographical photos, for land cadastral works and other works of applied geodesy.

The purpose of this study was to research the therapeutic outcomes achieved by a five year-old boy with Asperger Syndrome (AS), by means of non-directive processes of child centred play therapy (CCP) and sand tray play therapy (STP). In this investigative-descriptive qualitative research design, a saturated, holistic, intrinsic single case study was used as research method. The therapeutic process, events and outcomes of a unique single case within the context of AS, non-directive play therapy and the interactional-pattern analysis (IPA), are described. This study was motivated by the fact that the researcher disposed of data for a unique single case study that could contribute meaningfully to the need for a research database that describes effective therapeutic interventions and outcomes with children with AS. From the perspective of Rogerian person-centred theory (RPT), the literature study focused on an integrated discussion of AS, CCP and STP by means of 17 interpersonal variables of the interactional-pattern analysis (IPA). The following data sources was investigated: interviews with parents and teachers; CCP-sessions of J recorded on video; photos of some of J’s STP-sessions and the therapists’ process notes. Triangulation was used to evaluate the various categories of therapeutic outcomes from different viewpoints and to give meaning to them. The conclusions indicated that this boy with AS had used the non-directive processes of CCP and STP to achieve various therapeutic outcomes in the areas of: imaginary play; dramatic play; social interaction with the therapist, parents, family, teachers, his peer group and with strangers; traumatic experiences during visits to the doctor and bath times; identification, expressing and regulating emotions; and minimising acting out behaviour. Therapeutic outcomes have been demonstrated in 8 IPA-variables, namely: empathy, defining of relationships, potential to evoke acceptance or rejection, sincere interest and congruent conduct, control, emotional distance, problem solving and aspects relating to the presenting problem. The conclusion was reached that the conduct of the boy with AS as well as his mother and the therapist, played a mutual role in achieving his therapeutic outcomes within the 17 IPA-variables. The unstructured process of the non-directive play (CCP and STP) was utilised by a young child with AS to achieve therapeutic outcomes that relate to his everyday existence. A final conclusion is that involving the boy’s mother in his therapy and utilising an adapted Filial play program, enabled the mother to make emotional contact with her son and to diminish conflict between them. Guidelines for therapists are suggested with regard to non-directive responding in therapeutic contexts as found in this study. Furthermore, the contribution of this research to Psychology as science and discipline, is presented. Limitations of this study are indicated and recommendations for further research are made. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Psigologie))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2013

En quelques années, les maillages ont conquis une position prédominante parmi les différents modes de représentation informatique d'objets géométriques. Plus particulièrement, les maillages à base de simplexes -- les triangles pour la représentation de surfaces plongées en 3D, les tétraèdres pour la représentation de volumes -- semblent être actuellement les plus répandus. Le développe- ment rapide des applications manipulant ces structures géométriques dans des domaines aussi divers que le calcul par éléments finis, la simulation chirurgi- cale, ou les jeux vidéo a très vite soulevé le problème d'un codage efficace et adapté à la visualisation. L'expansion du World Wide Web, qui nécessite une représentation compacte et progressive des données pour garantir la convivial- ité de l'interface homme-machine, a fini de conférer à ce problème une place centrale dans la recherche en informatique. Ainsi, depuis 1995, de nombreux algorithmes ont été proposés pour la com- pression de maillages triangulaires, en utilisant le plus souvent l'approche suiv- ante : les sommets du maillage sont codés dans un ordre établi pour contenir par- tiellement la topologie (ou connectivité) du maillage. Parallèlement, quelques règles simples permettent de prédire la position du sommet courant à partir des positions de ses voisins qui ont déjà été codés. Dans ce mémoire, nous avons choisi de donner plutôt la priorité à la compression des positions des sommets. Nous décrivons un ensemble de méthodes de codage progressif, sans perte d'information, adaptées à une large classe de structures géométriques (non nécessairement triangulaires ni manifold, de genre quelconque), et généralisables à n'importe quelle dimension. Les taux de compression obtenus se positionnent avantageusement par rapport aux méthodes progressives actuelles les plus ef- ficaces : par exemple, pour le cas particulier des maillages triangulaires sur- faciques, des taux moyens autour de 3,6 bits par sommet sont atteints sur des modèles usuels pour le codage de la connectivité.

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No description available.

abstract: Mostly, manufacturing tolerance charts are used these days for manufacturing tolerance transfer but these have the limitation of being one dimensional only. Some research has been undertaken for the three dimensional geometric tolerances but it is too theoretical and yet to be ready for operator level usage. In this research, a new three dimensional model for tolerance transfer in manufacturing process planning is presented that is user friendly in the sense that it is built upon the Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) readings that are readily available in any decent manufacturing facility. This model can take care of datum reference change between non orthogonal datums (squeezed datums), non-linearly oriented datums (twisted datums) etc. Graph theoretic approach based upon ACIS, C++ and MFC is laid out to facilitate its implementation for automation of the model. A totally new approach to determining dimensions and tolerances for the manufacturing process plan is also presented. Secondly, a new statistical model for the statistical tolerance analysis based upon joint probability distribution of the trivariate normal distributed variables is presented. 4-D probability Maps have been developed in which the probability value of a point in space is represented by the size of the marker and the associated color. Points inside the part map represent the pass percentage for parts manufactured. The effect of refinement with form and orientation tolerance is highlighted by calculating the change in pass percentage with the pass percentage for size tolerance only. Delaunay triangulation and ray tracing algorithms have been used to automate the process of identifying the points inside and outside the part map. Proof of concept software has been implemented to demonstrate this model and to determine pass percentages for various cases. The model is further extended to assemblies by employing convolution algorithms on two trivariate statistical distributions to arrive at the statistical distribution of the assembly. Map generated by using Minkowski Sum techniques on the individual part maps is superimposed on the probability point cloud resulting from convolution. Delaunay triangulation and ray tracing algorithms are employed to determine the assembleability percentages for the assembly. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering 2011

Muitas alterações têm ocorrido na última década na educação da área da saúde, com o intuito de formar profissionais que possam ter um olhar humanístico e possam trabalhar no Sistema Único de Saúde. O Curso de Farmácia também sofreu modificações, devido às reformas curriculares, incluindo disciplinas como a de Atenção Farmacêutica (Atenfar). A atenção farmacêutica é uma nova subárea do conhecimento agregada ao currículo dos cursos de farmácia com as novas diretrizes curriculares. Como disciplina foi inserida há poucos anos na Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Sul, sendo seus conteúdos divididos em 3 disciplinas: Atenção Farmacêutica I, Atenção Farmacêutica II e Atenção Farmacêutica III. Desde o início a Atenção Farmacêutica II buscou aplicar metodologias ativas no ensino presencial e a distância. No ano de 2012 a metodologia a distância foi adotada parcialmente na disciplina, sendo que os alunos tiveram metade das aulas no modelo presencial e metade a distância e segundo o tema a ser abordado. A disciplina realizou avaliações no início e no final do semestre com o intuito de avaliar se ocorreu diferenças na aprendizagem dos alunos devido a utilização da modalidade EAD ou presencial, bem como o que os mesmos alunos pensam sobre essas duas modalidades. Para realizar esta pesquisa utilizou-se o método quanti-qualitativo de triangulação, com o intuito de se avaliar os aspectos envolvidos com o desempenho, satisfação e percepção do aluno. Como resultados, foi encontrado que o EAD é tão eficiente quanto o presencial neste contexto estudado. Os alunos apresentaram satisfação pelo EAD de uma forma maior que pelo presencial. Além disso, o desempenho dos estudantes foi maior no EAD. / Many changes have been occurred in the last decade in the health education area, in order to form professionals who can have a humanistic look and can work in Brazilian Public Health System. Pharmacy Course also has changed due to curricular reforms, including disciplines such as Pharmaceutical Care. Pharmaceutical Care is a new subfield of knowledge aggregate the curriculum of pharmacy with the new curriculum guidelines. How discipline was inserted a few years ago at the Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, and its contents divided into three disciplines: Pharmaceutical Care I, Pharmaceutical Care II and Pharmaceutical Care III. From the beginning the Pharmaceutical Care II sought to apply active methods in face to face and distance classes. In the year 2012 the distance learning methodology was adopted in part on the discipline, with half of the students had classes face to face classes and half distance learning classes, and according to the topic being discussed. The course evaluations conducted at the beginning and end of the semester in order to assess whether differences occurred in student learning because the use of distance learning mode or face to face, as well as what students think about these two modalities. To conduct this research, we used the triangulation quantitative and qualitative method, in order to evaluate the issues involved with the performance, satisfaction and perception of the student. As a result, it was found that the distance learning is as efficient as the face to face in this study context. Students were satisfied by the distance learning in a way greater than the face to face. In addition, student performance was higher in distance learning.

The core of the present master's thesis is a sociolinguistic analysis of the conversational marker 'che' in Rioplatense Spanish. Initially, the history and concept of conversation analysis are presented. The process of grammaticalization and the classification of pragmatic markers are also described. Secondly, the author defines sociolinguistics and, on the basis of William Labov's work, explains methodological problems related to collecting real language data. The terms Rioplatense Spanish and 'porte?o' are widely described as well. Further, 'che' is investigated theoretically as a case of interjection that resulted in a conversational particle. The proper sociolinguistic investigation is based on three methods: introspection, qualitative and quantitative analysis. Functions of 'che', as well as its occurence according to different social factores are studied in this work.

Muitas alterações têm ocorrido na última década na educação da área da saúde, com o intuito de formar profissionais que possam ter um olhar humanístico e possam trabalhar no Sistema Único de Saúde. O Curso de Farmácia também sofreu modificações, devido às reformas curriculares, incluindo disciplinas como a de Atenção Farmacêutica (Atenfar). A atenção farmacêutica é uma nova subárea do conhecimento agregada ao currículo dos cursos de farmácia com as novas diretrizes curriculares. Como disciplina foi inserida há poucos anos na Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Sul, sendo seus conteúdos divididos em 3 disciplinas: Atenção Farmacêutica I, Atenção Farmacêutica II e Atenção Farmacêutica III. Desde o início a Atenção Farmacêutica II buscou aplicar metodologias ativas no ensino presencial e a distância. No ano de 2012 a metodologia a distância foi adotada parcialmente na disciplina, sendo que os alunos tiveram metade das aulas no modelo presencial e metade a distância e segundo o tema a ser abordado. A disciplina realizou avaliações no início e no final do semestre com o intuito de avaliar se ocorreu diferenças na aprendizagem dos alunos devido a utilização da modalidade EAD ou presencial, bem como o que os mesmos alunos pensam sobre essas duas modalidades. Para realizar esta pesquisa utilizou-se o método quanti-qualitativo de triangulação, com o intuito de se avaliar os aspectos envolvidos com o desempenho, satisfação e percepção do aluno. Como resultados, foi encontrado que o EAD é tão eficiente quanto o presencial neste contexto estudado. Os alunos apresentaram satisfação pelo EAD de uma forma maior que pelo presencial. Além disso, o desempenho dos estudantes foi maior no EAD. / Many changes have been occurred in the last decade in the health education area, in order to form professionals who can have a humanistic look and can work in Brazilian Public Health System. Pharmacy Course also has changed due to curricular reforms, including disciplines such as Pharmaceutical Care. Pharmaceutical Care is a new subfield of knowledge aggregate the curriculum of pharmacy with the new curriculum guidelines. How discipline was inserted a few years ago at the Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, and its contents divided into three disciplines: Pharmaceutical Care I, Pharmaceutical Care II and Pharmaceutical Care III. From the beginning the Pharmaceutical Care II sought to apply active methods in face to face and distance classes. In the year 2012 the distance learning methodology was adopted in part on the discipline, with half of the students had classes face to face classes and half distance learning classes, and according to the topic being discussed. The course evaluations conducted at the beginning and end of the semester in order to assess whether differences occurred in student learning because the use of distance learning mode or face to face, as well as what students think about these two modalities. To conduct this research, we used the triangulation quantitative and qualitative method, in order to evaluate the issues involved with the performance, satisfaction and perception of the student. As a result, it was found that the distance learning is as efficient as the face to face in this study context. Students were satisfied by the distance learning in a way greater than the face to face. In addition, student performance was higher in distance learning.