Le projet de la recherche est de participer à l’intelligibilité des dispositifs d’interactions tuteur-apprenant afin de soutenir les processus d’appropriation de la technologie et d’apprentissage dans un contexte d’e-learning. Outre l’e-learning, l’analyse de la littérature se focalise donc sur trois champs théoriques : l’apprentissage, l’appropriation et le tutorat en ligne. Ceci nous amène à nous interroger sur les modalités d’interventions tutorales et leurs évolutions ainsi que sur la médiatisation du tuteur dans l’apprentissage des apprenants. Une étude de cas, réalisée dans une formation d’Aix-Marseille Université, nous permet d’identifier les éléments de réponses aux questionnements précédents. Les résultats montrent que le tuteur est principalement perçu dans un rôle d’accompagnement, et qu’il constitue le lien social entre le dispositif technologique et les apprenants. Au-delà de ces activités, nous avons relevé que le tuteur peut aussi occuper deux autres fonctions tutorales : celle de knowledge manager et celle de facilitateur de tutorat entre pairs. Nous suggérons ainsi qu’un objectif des dispositifs d’e-learning est de mettre en place un système tutoral laissant émerger et favorisant un certain degré d’auto-organisation entre apprenants. Notre recherche montre également que l’objectif de « rendre la technologie transparente » est atteint lorsque l’appropriation des technologies par les apprenants est favorisée dès la phase amont du processus d’enseignement. Pour conclure, alors qu’on craignait que l’e-learning ne se substitue aux enseignants, nous relevons que le rôle de ces derniers apparaît en évolution, laissant émerger celui du tuteur ! / The purpose of this research is to contribute to a deeper understanding of tutor-learner interactions within the framework of a supportive process of appropriation of technology and learning in the context of e-learning. In addition to e-learning, the literature review focuses on three theoretical fields: learning, appropriation, and e-tutoring. This leads us to question the modes of e-tutoring and their evolution; and the media coverage of the tutor in the learners’ process of learning. A case study, performed at Aix Marseille University, enables us to identify elements of responses to previous questions. The results show that the tutor is seen primarily in a supporting role, and that he may be the social link between the platform and the learners. Beyond these activities, we found that the e-tutors may also have two other e-tutoring functions: knowledge manager and facilitator of peer-tutoring. This allows us ultimately to suggest that a goal of e-learning systems is to set up an e-tutoring system, while leaving the emergence and fostering of self-organization to the learners themselves. Our research also shows that the goal of "making technology transparent" is reached when the acquisition of technology by students is initiated and promoted from the upstream phases of the teaching process. Finally, while there was a concern that e-learning replaces the need for teachers, we found that the role of the latter is reinforced, although still evolving: in other words, the role of the teacher changes; the e-tutor emerges! They become the critical link between electronics and learning, between " e " and " learning "!

Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-09T12:32:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Esther Prates.pdf: 1075880 bytes, checksum: 56532d4158236ae642b34f1f3decba0d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora Lopes(silopes@ufba.br) on 2013-05-20T18:15:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Esther Prates.pdf: 1075880 bytes, checksum: 56532d4158236ae642b34f1f3decba0d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-20T18:15:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Esther Prates.pdf: 1075880 bytes, checksum: 56532d4158236ae642b34f1f3decba0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Este trabalho relata a compreensão dos estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), acerca do processo tutorial na metodologia Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP) também conhecida como Problem-Based Learning (PBL), adotada por esse curso. Para esse fim, foram utilizados os recursos investigativos proporcionados pela pesquisa etnográfica, numa abordagem hermenêutica, com a realização de grupos focais. A análise das expressões manifestadas pelos alunos revelou elementos sobre a compreensão que os mesmos possuem a respeito do processo tutorial nos moldes como atualmente é realizado no Curso de Medicina da UESB. Assim, observou-se as considerações dos estudantes em relação a aspectos da tutoria relacionados ao desempenho dos tutores, à autonomia proporcionada por essa metodologia de ensino e aprendizagem, ao relacionamento entre os próprios alunos e entre tutor e alunos e a aspectos da formação médica, condizentes com as atuais Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Curso de Medicina, propostas pelo MEC. / Salvador