This study attempts to cast empirical light on the traditionalist-revisionist debate regarding the impact of the Soviet Union's collapse on U.S. foreign policy decision-making. To accomplish this goal, the relationship between human rights and U.S. foreign aid decision-making is examined before and after the Cold War. In doing so, the author attempts to determine if "soft" approaches, such as the use of a country's human rights records when allocating aid, have garnered increasing attention since the end of Cold War, as traditionalists assert, or declined in importance, as revisionists content.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gianfranco Caterina.pdf: 1472058 bytes, checksum: 73162003a75c2499791fea34a48229eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-16 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The aim of this study is to assess the delicate relationship between Brazil and the United States in a global scenario of détente between the two political-ideological blocs of Cold War. The superpower has, yet, as its main challenge the need to conciliate a search for its own interests as a nation, with ideals of democracy and respect for human rights. Brazil, on the other hand, was looking for prestige between powers, and more independence and autonomy on its foreign policy. In this process, it s possible to characterize, at least, three different overviews. First, a relative decline in U.S. power, political repression and high economic growth in Brazil. Second, oil international crisis, Watergate scandal, new military coups in South America, new human rights movements articulations and the beginning of abertura in Brazil. At last, the rise of Carter, and a dispute, on and off institutional level, on nuclear energy issues and human rights. I ll try to approach how the main political actors, the emergence of the human rights issue, and the constraints imposed by the international order have impacted on bilateral relations in the period from 1967 to 1978 / O estudo procura discutir a intrincada relação entre Brasil e Estados Unidos em um cenário global de distensão entre os dois blocos político-ideológicos da Guerra Fria. A superpotência tem, ainda, como principal desafio em sua atuação internacional, conciliar a busca por seus interesses como nação, com ideais de democracia e respeito aos direitos humanos. O Brasil, por outro lado, ansiava por reconhecimento entre os grandes, além de maior independência e autonomia em sua política externa. Nesse processo, podem-se caracterizar, pelo menos, três conjunturas distintas. Na primeira; o declínio relativo do poder americano, a repressão política e alto crescimento econômico brasileiro. A seguir; a crise internacional do petróleo, escândalo Watergate, novos golpes militares na América do Sul, articulação de movimentos em defesa dos direitos humanos e início da abertura política no Brasil. Por último; a ascensão de Carter e o atrito, em âmbito institucional e fora dele, em torno das questões de energia nuclear e direitos humanos. Procuramos abordar de que forma os principais atores políticos, a emergência da questão dos direitos humanos, e as limitações impostas pela ordem internacional incidiram nas relações bilaterais no período de 1967 a 1978

Among the states, the history of which was affected by the Cold War can undoubtedly be ranked both Greece and Turkey. Their geostrategic singularity, accentuated by the outcomes of the World War II, caused that the "struggle" between the United States and the Soviet Union for influence in those countries had considerably contributed to a shift in the course of U.S. foreign policy towards the Soviet Union and to adopting an entirely new strategic concept which was to be called as the "strategy of containment". A number of quality books have already been dealing with the general characteristics of this strategy; however, historians have not turned enough attention - which is rather surprising - to its implementation in particular countries and territories. Therefore, an analysis of particular impacts of the strategy of containment on Greece and Turkey, as well as an evaluation of how successfully this approach of the United States towards both the countries worked, have become primary aims of my dissertation. The U.S. strategy of containment, which can be regarded as an example of the so called "grand strategy", had become a key factor of the U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War. The process of its coming into existence was complicated and cannot be marked off by one document or an event; its...