Specialized microbial metabolites are described as low-molecular-weight bioactive compounds, which are dispensable for the growth, evolution, or reproduction of its producer. This group of substances includes the lincosamides, which are produced mainly by the bacteria of the Streptomyces genera. Apart from other precursors, two low-molecular-weight thiols, ergothioneine and mycothiol, are essential participants of the lincosamide biosynthesis. Mycothiol (MSH) serves in this pathway as a source of sulphur, on the other hand, ergothioneine (ESH) constitutes a conjugate with the aminosugar moiety of lincosamide structure. The conjugate is condensed with an activated amino acid, which is catalyzed by an unusual enzyme to form a core of the lincosamide molecule. The objective of this diploma thesis is to isolate the conjugate of ESH and aminooctose, which serves as a substrate of the LmbD biosynthetic protein. Another aim is to study the links between the thiol metabolism and the biosynthesis of three lincosamides, lincomycin, celesticetin, and intervencin, which are produced by different bacterial strains. Bacterial strains were cultivated under laboratory conditions and methods of liquid chromatography with UV and MS detection were used for the analysis. The parameters of the methods were developed...

Submitted by Cássio da Cruz Nogueira (cassionogueirakk@gmail.com) on 2017-06-26T15:15:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_UtilizacaoTecnicasHifenadas.pdf: 2148528 bytes, checksum: e4cf156ec901be080f61599c50e61ac5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Irvana Coutinho (irvana@ufpa.br) on 2017-06-28T12:44:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_UtilizacaoTecnicasHifenadas.pdf: 2148528 bytes, checksum: e4cf156ec901be080f61599c50e61ac5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-28T12:44:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_UtilizacaoTecnicasHifenadas.pdf: 2148528 bytes, checksum: e4cf156ec901be080f61599c50e61ac5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-31 / CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / O emprego de técnicas hifenadas que permitam a separação e o isolamento de substâncias de um extrato vegetal mostra-se necessário tanto para o conhecimento da composição química, de um composto, como também para a determinação de uma substância, ou grupo de substâncias, que sirvam como marcadora de determinada espécie. A espécie Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K.Jansen, cresce na Amazônia Legal, uma região sociogeográfica no norte do Brasil, onde é conhecido como Jambu, Agrião Bravo ou Agrião do Pará. É utilizada na medicina popular na forma de chá, xaropes e tinturas e indicada para o uso como anestésico e antisséptico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar a HPLC-UV-ELSD e a UHPLC-DAD-MS para o desenvolvimento de programações que possam identificar metabólitos de interesse em Acmella oleracea. O material vegetal foi adquirido no município de Tailândia, estado do Pará, sítio Santa Inês na microrregião de Tomé-Açu as margens da rodovia PA150, posicionado a 260 km da capital Belém, nas coordenadas 02º56‘22‘‘ de latitude sul e 48º57‘03‘‘ de longitude oeste, e consistia de 10 maços de Acmella oleracea (jambu) frescos, compostos de folhas, flor, raiz e caule, após a higienização o material in natura foi triturado e em seguida macerado por 7 dias com etanol a 92,8 ºGL numa proporção de 1:10. Os extratos hidroetanólicos, de cada parte da planta, foram filtrados e concentrados a baixa pressão e em seguida liofilizados para posterior análise com técnicas hifenadas. O espilantol foi registrado nas análises por UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS em modo Scan e Produto de íon, através da detecção do íon m/z 222 em todos os órgãos analisados. Uma substância que apresentou m/z 376.80 para análise com etoh/água e m/z 388.20 para acn/água, que apresenta perfil promissor foi encontrada através das análises por UHPLC-DAD-MS e precisa de experimentos específicos para a confirmação de flavonoides. Durante o desenvolvimento das programações, observou-se que os melhores perfis cromatográficos de EEAOFOC e EEAOR foram obtidos quando a fase móvel era composta por etanol e água. / The use of hyphenated techniques that allow the separation and isolation of substances of a herbal extracts is necessary both for the knowledge of the chemical composition of a compound, as well as for the determination of a substance or a group that serve as marker of particular species. The species Acmella oleracea (l.) R. K. Jansen, grows in Legal Amazon, a geographic region in northern Brazil, where is known as Jambu, Agrião Bravo ou Agrião do Pará. It is used in folk medicine in the form of tea, syrups and tinctures and indicated for use as anesthetic and antiseptic. The aim of this study was to use the HPLC-UV-ELSD and HPLC-DAD-MS for the development of methods that can identify metabolites of interest on Acmella oleracea. The plant material was acquired in Tailândia, State of Pará, in the Santa Inês farm, city of Tomé-Açu, PA150 highway margins, positioned the 260 km from Belém, at 02° 56 ' 22 '' south latitude and 48° 57 ' 03 '' west longitude, and consisted of 10 packs of Acmella oleracea (jambu), composed of leaves, flower, root and stem, after cleaning the material was grinded and then macerated for 7 days with 92.8° GL ethanol at a ratio of 1:10. Hydroethanolic extracts, of each part of the plant, were filtered and concentrated at a low pressure and then lyophilized for further analysis with hyphenated techniques. The Spilanthol was registered in the analysis by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS, Scan mode and Product ion, through the detection of ion m/z 222 in all analyzed organs. A substance which showed m/z 376.80 for analysis with etoh/water and m/z 388.20 for acn/water, which has promising profile was found through the analysis by HPLC-DAD-MS and needs specific experiments for confirmation of flavonoids. During the development of methods, it was observed that the best chromatographic profiles of EEAOFOC and EEAOR were obtained when the mobile phase was composed of ethanol and water.

(EN) This work aims at preparation, analysis and isolation of intermediates of biosynthetic pathways of 4-alkyl-L-proline derivatives for their structural elucidation. Compounds with incorporated 4-alkyl-L-proline derivatives include clinically used lincosamide antibiotic, lincomycin A, antitumor pyrrolobenzodiazepines and bacterial hormone hormaomycin. Detailed knowledge of biosynthetic pathways of these biological active substances can be used to prepare new, more efficient derivatives. The first part of this work focuses on yellow-coloured dicarboxylic intermediates 1 and 2 of the biosynthetic pathway of 4-propyl-L-proline - the precursor of lincomycin A. In the presence of the methylation agent, S-adenosyl-L-methionine, and LmbW C- -methyltransferase, 1 was partially converted into intermediate 2. Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography, both intermediates were identified from absorption and mass spectrometry spectra. A semi-preparative chromatographic method for isolation of both intermediates was developed. Surprisingly, a significantly lower stability of 2 compared to intermediate 1 was observed in an in vitro enzymatic reaction mixture. The second part of the work focuses on 4-ethylidene-L-proline - the precursor of tomaymycin belonging to pyrrolobenzodiazepines. After...