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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Desarrollo de productos tratados por procesos térmicos y no térmicos a partir del fruto Physalis Peruviana Linnaeus

Hernández Toledo, Claudia Camila January 2013 (has links)
Memoria para optar al título de Ingeniera en Alimentos / En los últimos años el incremento del consumo de productos no tradicionales con alto valor nutricional, exige a la industria alimentaria aplicar técnicas de preservación mínimas para obtener productos con alto valor agregado y con características similares a las de la materia prima fresca. El physalis, podría promover este desarrollo industrial, ya que es un fruto que contiene entre otros nutrientes, compuestos bioactivos como el ácido ascórbico, β-caroteno, compuestos fenólicos, entre otras vitaminas que podría proporcionar un efecto fisiológico beneficioso en la salud. Sobre este marco, el objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar conservas y zumos a partir de physalis, aplicando tratamientos de pasteurización, esterilización y altas presiones hidrostáticas. Se optimizaron los tratamientos para la obtención de zumos, obteniéndose que los procesos óptimos fueron 75ºC por 4 min y 500 MPa por 1 min, para el proceso de pasteurización y presurización, respectivamente. A las conservas se les aplicó un tratamiento térmico de 93ºC por 14 min, para obtener una mayor retención del contenido de ácido ascórbico. Fue posible obtener los productos y realizar la caracterización físico-química de ellos, análisis de color, ensayos de textura y reología, cuantificación de compuestos bioactivos, capacidad antioxidante, ensayos microbiológicos y evaluaciones sensoriales. De los resultados obtenidos se concluyó que es factible desarrollar estos productos, sin embargo se sugiere realizar estudios de vida útil y evaluaciones sensoriales más extensas y específicas, para introducir estos productos al mercado y permanecer en él de forma exitosa / In the last years the increase in the consumption of non-traditional products with high nutritional value, demands the food industry to apply minimum preservation techniques to obtain high value-added products with similar characteristics to those of fresh material. Physalis could promote this industrial development, since it is a fruit that contains among other nutrients, bioactive compounds such as ascorbic acid, β-carotene, phenolic compounds, among other vitamins which could provide a beneficial physiological effect on health. On this framework, the aim of this work was to develop preserves and juices from physalis, applying pasteurization treatments, sterilization and high hydrostatic pressure. Treatments were optimized on obtaining juices treated by thermal and non-thermal processes; as a result, optimal processes were 75 ° C for 4 minutes and 500MPa for 1 minute, for pasteurization and pressurization processes respectively. Preserves were applied with heat treatment of 93 °C for 14 minutes to obtain a greater retention of ascorbic acid. It was able to obtain the products and then perform different analyzes of them such as physico-chemical characterization, color analysis, texture and rheology tests, quantification of bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity and microbiological and sensory evaluation tests. From these analyzes it was concluded that it is feasible to develop these products, however it is suggested perform lifetime studies and more extensive and specific sensory evaluations in order to introduce these products to market and remain there successfully
2

Temperatura e substrato na germinação de Physalis angulata L. / Temperature and substrate in germination of Physalis angulata L.

Bagatim, Amanda Garcia [UNESP] 04 November 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Amanda Garcia Bagatim (amanda_cr.aveiro@hotmail.com) on 2017-04-11T02:44:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Amanda_Garcia_Bagatim.pdf: 598710 bytes, checksum: c4340c0378d827bd50edb83083989495 (MD5) / Rejected by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo a orientação abaixo: O arquivo submetido não contém o certificado de aprovação. Corrija esta informação e realize uma nova submissão com o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-04-17T18:59:55Z (GMT) / Submitted by Amanda Garcia Bagatim (amanda_cr.aveiro@hotmail.com) on 2017-04-19T13:08:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Amanda (1) Repositório.pdf: 743946 bytes, checksum: 054f8890abe45a5e955680914731fee1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-04-19T13:15:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 bagatim_ag_me_jabo.pdf: 743946 bytes, checksum: 054f8890abe45a5e955680914731fee1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-19T13:15:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 bagatim_ag_me_jabo.pdf: 743946 bytes, checksum: 054f8890abe45a5e955680914731fee1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-04 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Devido as escassas informações sobre as melhores condições para a produção de mudas de physalis no Brasil, este trabalho teve o objetivo de verificar a temperatura adequada para germinação, assim como o substrato mais eficiente para a emergência de plântulas de Physalis angulata L. As sementes após serem extraídas de frutos maduros, foram lavadas para a retirada de toda mucilagem e secas em temperatura ambiente (±25 ºC) por 24 horas. Após este período, estas foram colocadas em câmaras de germinação tipo B.O.D., com temperaturas controladas e submetidas a diferentes temperaturas: 20, 25, 30, 35 e 20-30 °C, para posterior avaliação da porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação e tempo médio de germinação. Um segundo experimento foi realizado testando diferentes substratos, onde foram utilizados: vermiculita textura fina, mistura de terra + areia + esterco de curral curtido (3:1:1), substrato comercial à base de casca de pinus e fibra de coco. As sementes após passarem pelo processo de limpeza e secagem descrito acima, foram semeadas em bandejas de polietileno e avaliadas quanto à porcentagem de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência e tempo médio de emergência. Foram coletadas amostras aleatórias das plântulas e estas levadas para laboratório, onde foram avaliados: comprimento médio de parte aérea e raiz (cm), massas fresca e seca de raiz e parte aérea (gramas) e número de folhas. Para ambos os experimentos o delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC), os resultados submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, não há influência dos substratos testados na germinação de sementes de Physalis angulata L., sendo o substrato comercial à base de casca de pinus o que proporcionou melhor desenvolvimento inicial das mudas. Já as melhores temperaturas para a germinação de sementes de physalis foram: alternada 20-30 ºC e constantes 30 e 35 ºC, com maiores índices de velocidade de germinação para a temperatura alternada 20-30 ºC. / Due to the scarce information about the best conditions for the production of physalis seedlings in Brazil, this research had the objective to verify the adequate temperature for germination, as well as the most efficient substrate for the emergence of Physalis angulata L. seedlings. After being extracted from ripe fruits, seeds were washed to removal all the mucilage and dried at temperature ± 25 °C for 24 hours. After this period, the seeds were placed to germinate in chambers type BOD, with controlled temperatures: 20, 25, 30, 35 and 20-30 °C, for further evaluation of germination percentage, germination speed index and average germination time. A second experiment was carried out aiming to test different substrates: vermiculite fine texture, soil + sand mixture + tanned corral manure (3:1:1), commercial substrate with pine bark and coconut fiber. The seeds, after the cleaning and drying process described above, were seeded in polyethylene trays and evaluated for the percentage of emergence, rate of emergence and mean time of emergence. Random samples were collected from the seedlings and taken to the laboratory, evaluating: average length of shoot and root (cm), fresh and dry masses of root and shoot (grams) and number of leaves. For both experiments the design was completely randomized (DIC), the results submitted to the analysis of variance and the means compared by the Tukey test at 5% of probability. According to the results obtained, there is no influence of the substrates tested on the germination of seeds of Physalis angulata L., being the commercial substrate with pinus bark which provided better initial development of the seedlings. The best temperatures for the germination of physalis seeds were: alternated 20-30 ºC and constants 30 and 35 ºC, with higher rates of germination for the alternating temperature of 20-30 ºC. / CNPq: 163880/2014-0

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