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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Les pratiques des femmes âgées sur les promenades balnéaires en Bretagne : processus de vieillissement et citadinité / The practices of the old women on the seaside walks in Brittany : ageing process and city life

Bigo, Mathilde 22 January 2015 (has links)
En France comme dans la plupart des pays du Nord, les personnes âgées représentent une part de plus en plus importante de la population.Parmi elles, les femmes sont les plus nombreuses, et plus encore au fur et à mesure de l’avancée en âge. La féminisation de la population âgée pose des enjeux importants.Elle impose de s’interroger sur la place faiteaux femmes âgées dans notre société. L’objet de la présente thèse est de s’y attacher sous l’angle spécifique des pratiques des femmes âgées sur les promenades de bord de mer. Ces espaces singuliers ont été choisis pour questionner la citadinité. Caractérisant le rapport à la ville exprimé par les pratiques des individus quant à l’appropriation de l’espace,l’ancrage et les sociabilités, la citadinité permet de caractériser l’inclusion de la personne âgée dans la société et, notamment, de voir comment le processus de vieillissement fait son oeuvre dans ces dynamiques d’inclusion.Espaces ressource pour « faire ville » avec les autres, pour la réalisation de soi à l’heure de la retraite, pour continuer à « se tenir face au monde » au grand âge, les promenades balnéaires sont des terrains d’exploration éminemment riches pour appréhender la citadinité des femmes âgées et donc leur inclusion en ville. Au regard du parcours de vie(familial, professionnel, résidentiel), l’analyse des pratiques des femmes âgées a notamment montré une diversité de modes d’inclusion à l’espace. Le recours à la notion de déprise, qui rend compte de l’évolution des pratiques de l’espace au cours de la vieillesse en mettant en lumière ce sur quoi les individus « lâchent prise » et « gardent prise », permet de poser la question du maintien de l’inclusion sociale dans la ville. Par les possibilités de prise qu’elle offre aux femmes vieillissantes, la promenade est un espace ressource pour réajuster les pratiques au fur et à mesure que la déprise le suggère, et, par là, pour maintenir la citadinité. Elle permet de continuer à s’exprimer à travers les pratiques, mais dans des formes différentes, selon que la recherche de sociabilités, de grand air, d’indépendance,d’autonomie, d’imprévu, est constitutive de la citadinité des femmes, à travers les âges. / As in many Northern countries, the elderly population in France represents an important increasing part of the population. Generally there are more elderly women than men, and this number increases, as the elderly women get even older. The feminisation of the elderly population raises important issues. It leads one to reflect on the position provided to older women in our society. The goal of this thesis is to look at the specific practices of elderly women on seaside promenade. This spaces are chosen to question citadinité. Examining the relationship between the community and the behaviors of these women, regarding their required space, their anchor and their sociability, the citadinité assess the inclusion of the elderly persons in the society. It helps,especially, to see how the process of aging works in these dynamics of inclusion.Strolls on waterfronts allows the use of space with others, one’s self realization when facing retirement, and the drive to still be an active participant as one ages. These waterfront walksare rich fieldworks to grasp the assimilation of the aged women’s citadinité with their inclusion in the community. Looking at the life course of elderly women (familial,professional, residential), the analysis has shown a grand diversity of modes of inclusion in relation to the space. The application of the notion of déprise, a form of disengagement which looks at the evolution of use of space ,through aging showing on what people « give up » and « hold on», allows to investigate the level of maintenance of social inclusion in the community. Through these characteristics, waterfront walks offers to aging women a resourceful space to readjust practices as the disengagement suggests it, allowing the maintenance of the citadinité. The waterfront walk allows, through the practices, to express oneself, but in various forms as long as the search for social relationships, fresh air,independence, autonomy, novelty, have the power to establish the women’s citadinité through aging.
2

Diskrepans mellan självskattad och objektivt mätt stillasittande beteende och fysisk aktivitet i en svensk population: SCAPIS studien / Discrepancy between self-reported and objectively measured sedentary behavior and physical activity in a Swedish population: the SCAPIS study

Palmqvist, Annika January 2015 (has links)
Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med studien var att i) undersöka validiteten i befolkningens skattning av stillasittande (SED) respektive måttlig till kraftig fysisk aktivitet (MVPA) samt ii) beskriva eventuella skillnader mellan de som under-, över- respektive korrekt skattar sitt beteende. Följande frågeställningar utformades: 1) Förekommer diskrepans mellan deltagarnas subjektiva skattning av SED och MVPA jämfört med objektivt mätt fysisk aktivitet med accelerometer? 2) Skiljer sig de deltagare som under-, över- respektive korrekt skattar sitt beteende avseende kön, socioekonomisk status, BMI, konditionsvärde respektive självskattad hälsa? Metod: Studien använder data från the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) pilotstudie där deltagarna besvarade ett frågeformulär samt bar en accelerometer i sju på varandra följande dagar (N = 652). I denna studie har fyra frågor använts ur SCAPIS deltagarenkät för att mäta deltagarnas subjektiva nivå av fysiska aktivitet. Diskrepans av SED respektive MVPA räknades fram som subjektivt skattad tid (enkätfrågorna) minus accelerometerns registrerade tid. Data beskrivs deskriptivt där populationen har kategoriserats i kvintiler utefter medianskillnaden mellan subjektivt skattad och objektivt mätt tid. Resultat: Medianvärdet för diskrepans av SED och MVPA var -180,2 min/dag (under-) respektive 18,6 min/dag (överskattning). Avseende diskrepans av SED föreligger signifikanta skillnader mellan kvintilerna för diskrepans av SED (p = 0,000), accelerometermätt tid i SED (p = 0,000) samt totalt antal registrerade minuter (p = 0,000). Inga signifikanta skillnader ses för kön (p = 0,744), socioekonomisk status (p = 0,986), BMI (p = 0,806), konditionsvärde (p = 0,727) eller självskattad hälsa (p = 0,385). Avseende diskrepans av MVPA föreligger signifikanta skillnader för diskrepans av MVPA (p = 0,000), accelerometer-mätt tid i både SED (p = 0,000) och MVPA (p = 0,000), antal registrerade minuter totalt (p = 0,001), socioekonomisk status (p = 0,001) samt självskattad hälsa (p = 0,009). Slutsats: Resultaten visar att det är en stor diskrepans mellan hur svenska medelålders män och kvinnor skattar SED respektive MVPA om man jämför med objektivt accelerometermätt tid. Det verkar dock inte finnas en viss kategori människor som under- eller överskattar SED mer än andra avseende de undersökta variablerna. Beträffande diskrepans av MVPA ses dock en tendens till ökad diskrepans för de som bor i socioekonomiska högstatusområden samt att de med god självskattad hälsa överskattar mer. Studiens resultat tyder även på att mer registreringstid med accelerometern medför ökad diskrepans av SED respektive MVPA. Mer forskning kring hur olika registreringstider påverkar utfallen är därför önskvärt. / Aim: The aim of this study was to i) examine the validity of the population estimates of sedentary behaviour (SED) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and ii) describe possible differences between groups that are under-, over- and correctly classifying their behaviour. The following questions were designed to answer the above aim: 1. Are there discrepancies between the participants self-reported SED and MVPA compared to objective measurement by accelerometer? 2. Do the participants who under-, over- and correctly classify their behaviour differ with respect to gender, socioeconomic status, fitness factor and self-rated health? Method: This study used data from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage pilot Study  (SCAPIS) where participants answered a questionnaire and wore an accelerometer for seven subsequent days (N = 652). Four questions were used to measure the participants’ physical activity level. Discrepancy of SED and MVPA was calculated as the difference between subjectively and objectively measured time. The data is descriptively presented where misclassification has been categorized into quintiles and estimated as median differences. Results: The median time for discrepancy of SED was for the whole population -180,2 min/day (under-) and for MVPA 18,6 min/dag (overestimation). Regarding discrepancy of SED, there were significant differences between quintiles for discrepancy of SED (p = 0,000), accelerometer-registered time in SED (p = 0,000) and total number of minutes registered (p = 0,000). No significant differences existed for gender (p = 0,744), socioeconomic status (p = 0,986), BMI (p = 0,806), fitness factor (p = 0,727) or self-rated health (p = 0,385). Regarding discrepancy of MVPA there were significant differences for discrepancy of MVPA (p = 0,000), accelerometer-registered time in SED (p = 0,000) and MVPA (p = 0,000) and total number of minutes registered (p = 0,001). Significance also existed for socioeconomic status (p = 0,001) and self-rated health (p = 0,009). Conclusion: The results show that the population in this study misclassify SED and MVPA and the differences between the quintiles are large. However, there seems to be no particular category of people who misclassify SED more than others in regards to the examined variables. Concerning discrepancy of MVPA, the results suggest that the discrepancy is greater for those with high socioeconomic status and that those with good self-rated health tend to overestimate more. The results also suggest that more time registered with accelerometer entails greater discrepancy. More research examining how different recording times affect outcomes is warranted. / <p>Kursen Projektarbete.</p><p>SCAPIS-projektet</p>

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