Spelling suggestions: "subject:"underground mam"" "subject:"underground aam""
1 |
Control Of Groundwater By Underground DamsYilmaz, Metin 01 November 2003 (has links) (PDF)
In this study underground dams are briefly described and detailed information about the design and construction aspects is provided. Since the material, of which dam wall is composed, is the main variable influencing the groundwater behavior, various types of dam wall are discussed. The use and usefulness of the underground dams as a means of sustainable development, and their performance in the management of groundwater resources are analyzed with the help of two example studies. In the first example a hypothetical idealized aquifer is considered, while in the second one, a real aquifer is selected.
For the performance evaluation, and for the analysis of the impact of the underground dams on the groundwater behavior, numerical simulation is opted. For that purpose, a well-known computer code, MODFLOW, A Modular Three-Dimensional Finite Difference Groundwater Flow Model of U.S. Geological Survey, (McDonald and Harbaugh, 1988) is used.
|
2 |
Barragem subterrânea como tecnologia de convivência com o semiárido - o caso do Território da Cidadania do Alto Oeste Potiguar. / Underground dam as technology to coexist with the semi-arid - the case of the territory of the citizenship of the High West Potiguar.SALES JÚNIOR, Francisco Vieira. 14 May 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Élida Maeli Fernandes Quirino (maely_sax@hotmail.com) on 2018-05-14T19:59:01Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
FRANCISCO VIEIRA SALES JÚNIOR - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2015..pdf: 2298338 bytes, checksum: 424a5c155f96fc8396b031cb863ee981 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T19:59:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
FRANCISCO VIEIRA SALES JÚNIOR - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2015..pdf: 2298338 bytes, checksum: 424a5c155f96fc8396b031cb863ee981 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2015-02-04 / O clima do semiárido do nordeste brasileiro apresenta em geral, escassez de água. Na maioria dos municípios da região, as precipitações ficam numa faixa que vai de 200 mm a 800 mm anuais. Com elevadas taxas de evaporação e temperaturas relativamente altas, sendo a região semiárida mais povoada do mundo, nessa condição semiaridez. Esse cenário tem contribuído para a formulação de políticas públicas voltadas para agricultura familiar. No Território do Alto Oeste Potiguar, a agricultura familiar é um importante segmento econômico. Nos últimos anos tem se percebido uma ampliação das políticas públicas voltadas para a convivência do agricultor familiar com a região semiárida. As barragens subterrâneas, enquanto tecnologia de convivência tem tornado - se importante para o desenvolvimento dos pequenos produtores rurais. Nesse contexto, o estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da implantação de barragens subterrâneas em pequenas propriedades rurais no Território da Cidadania do Alto Oeste Potiguar, como forma de favorecer a convivência com a condição semiaridez. A área de estudo consiste no Alto Oeste Potiguar que é uma região brasileira do estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN), sendo que o estudo foi delineado através dos métodos: qualitativo e quantitativo. Com relação aos fins a pesquisa pode ser considerada como avaliação de resultados, estudo de caso e explicativa. Já com relação aos meios, o estudo caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa de levantamento e documental. O universo de estudo foi os agricultores familiares assistidos pelos programas de barragens subterrâneas no Território da Cidadania do Alto Oeste Potiguar, sendo um total de trinta e cinco e a amostragem deu-se por acessibilidade sendo obtida a amostra de vinte agricultores familiares beneficiados com os programas de barragens subterrâneas. Foi feito o uso da análise de conteúdo para o método qualitativo e para a método quantitativo foi usada a estatística descritiva, onde os dados foram apresentados através de algumas medidas de dispersão e tendências centrais, seguido de gráficos. A partir da análise dos dados coletados, evidenciou-se que 100% dos agricultores pertencem a algum movimento social, esses agricultores tem uma percepção positiva em relação aos programas de barragens. A partir dos resultados das analises químicas do solo, foi realizada a classificação do solo das áreas internas das barragens, analisando CEes, PST, e pH, classificando-os, sendo que 45% como sem problemas de sais, 5% como salino sódico e como solo sódico 55%. / The climate of the brazilian semi-arid northeast has generally water shortages. In most
municipalities in the region, the precipitation is in a range that goes from 200 mm to 800 mm
annually. With high evaporation rates and relatively high temperatures, the most populated
semi-arid region of the world, this semiaridez condition. This scenario has contributed to the
formulation of public policies for family farming. In the Territory of the Higt West Potiguar, family
farming is an important economic sector. In recent years has seen an expansion of public
policies for the coexistence of the family farmer with the semi-arid region. Underground dams,
while coexistence technology has become - is important for the development of small farmers.
In this context, the study aimed to evaluate the effects of the deployment of underground dams
on small farms in the Territory of the High Citizenship Potiguar West as a way to promote
coexistence with semiaridez condition. The study area consists of the Higt West Potiguar which
is a brazilian region of Rio Grande do Norte State (RN), and the study was designed by the
methods: qualitative and quantitative. With regard to the purposes of research can be
considered as evaluation of results, case study and explanatory. In relation to the media, the
study is characterized as a survey and documentary research. The study universe was assisted
by family farmers of underground dams programs in the Territory of the High Citizenship
Potiguar West, with a total of thirty-five and sampling took place accessibility being obtained
sample of twenty farmers benefit from the programs of underground dams. Was done using
content analysis to the qualitative method and the quantitative method was used descriptive
statistics, where data were presented through some measures of dispersion and central
tendencies, followed by graphics. From the data analysis, it was shown that 100% of farmers
belong to any social movement, these farmers have a positive perception of the dams
programs. From the results of the chemical analysis of soil, soil classification of internal areas of
the dams was studied according CEes, PST, and pH, classifying them, and 45% as no salt
problems, 5% as sodium salt and sodic soil as 55%.
|
3 |
Artificial Recharge Of Groundwater In Kucuk Menderes River Basin, TurkeyPeksezer, Ayse 01 March 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Kü / ç / ü / k Menderes River Basin located in western Turkey has been facing continuous groundwater level decreases for the past 30 years. In dry periods, irrigation demand is completely met by pumping from groundwater system, which reduces water levels significantly. This provides enough storage to be recharged in wet seasons when streams are running. However, increased runoff in wet season are not utilized neither for irrigation nor for recharge and lost to the Aegean Sea without being infiltrated. Hence, surface artificial recharge methods can be useful to collect excess water in recharge basins, thus allowing infiltration to increase groundwater storage in wet seasons to be later utilized in dry seasons.
A 2-D groundwater model is set up by using SEEP/W software. The material functions and parameters used in the model for saturated/ unsaturated conditions are taken from previous studies. Calibration was done to check the accuracy of input data and to control the validity of model. The amount of excess water that will be collected in recharge basins was estimated from flood frequency analysis. Concerning different probabilities, different scenarios were simulated to observe the increase in groundwater levels. Simulation results suggest that significant increase in groundwater storage could be achieved by applying artificial recharge methods. In addition to recharge basins, to reinforce the effect of artificial recharge, simulations were repeated with the addition of an underground dam at downstream side of the basin. Simulation results indicate that the increase in groundwater storage is not sufficient to warrant construction of the underground dam.
|
4 |
Řízená umělá infiltrace jako nástroj pro eliminaci negativních dopadů klimatické změny. / Managed artificial recharge as a tool to eliminate negative impacts of climate change.Kvašňovský, Tomáš January 2019 (has links)
: The topic of artificial recharge technology for water supply into the underground, its direct use and application in the field is becoming a more frequent foreign question, but also in the Czech Republic. This is due to the negative trend in groundwater levels over the past 10 years, caused by drought and temperature regression trends. The theoretical part of this thesis presents the knowledge of the use of artificial groundwater recharge, even with specific cases in the world or in the Czech Republic. This work is especially focused on a very specific case of the construction that represent underground dam in the village of Meziboří in the environment of the Czech massif "hard rocks". Specifically, its efficiency and impact on natural groundwater runoff. For this purpose, a numerical model was developed in the program Groundwater Vistas (extension for MODFLOW). From the results we can observe the influence of natural groundwater regime in both static and dynamic model. After simulating the dam in a steady- state regime of unaffected conditions, the groundwater level in the model before the dam increased significantly above ground level. The possible pumping without drying the collector then represents values 5,4 - 5,8 m3 /day (0,063 - 0,067 l/s) from the well just before the dam. The drain...
|
5 |
Indicators integrated sustainability and analysis multicriteria dams underground in Ceará state / Indicadores integrados de sustentabilidade e análise de decisão multicriterial de barragens subterrâneas no estado do CearáFrança, Francisco Mavignier Cavalcante January 2016 (has links)
FRANÇA, Francisco Mavignier Cavalcante. Indicators integrated sustainability and analysis multicriteria dams underground in Ceará state. 2016. 166 f. : Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Fortaleza-CE, 2016 / Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-08-12T14:47:24Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
2016_tese_fmcfrança.pdf: 3776458 bytes, checksum: 7051da08a8b5dd0421f041da65f8f3f7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-08-12T14:47:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1
2016_tese_fmcfrança.pdf: 3776458 bytes, checksum: 7051da08a8b5dd0421f041da65f8f3f7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T14:47:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
2016_tese_fmcfrança.pdf: 3776458 bytes, checksum: 7051da08a8b5dd0421f041da65f8f3f7 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2016 / The underground dam is a social technology of low cost and simple process of construction and operation. In the semi-arid zone of Ceara there is potential to build approximately 3,400 underground dams. The central problem of this study is the lack of in-depth knowledge of the degree of sustainability of underground dams of Ceará, in economic, social, environmental and institutional terms. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the sustainability of underground dams, the state of Ceará, as a social technology to living as semi-arid. For this, we used the Dashboard of Sustainability Method by dimension and global, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process to identify the underground dam operating alternative that generates greater benefits to communities. The questionnaires (field research), for the use of Dashboard of Sustainability method, was carried out with 40 farmers, owners of underground dams, located in 11 municipalities of the State of Ceará. The collection of judgments, for the application of Analytic Hierarchy Process applied together 11 experts and / or decision-makers with expertise in underground dams. When using the Dashboard of Sustainability method, which aims to identify the level of performance of sustainable development for indicator by size and global, were selected with the help of principal component analysis, 28 indicators. These indicators, only 36% achieved the level of 700 points, which is the sustainability threshold used in this thesis. None of the four dimensions reached the level of 700 points. The lower performance was with the economic dimension, reaching only 218 points (need for severe attention) when the maximum metric desirable for the model is 1,000 points or at least the threshold of sustainability of 700 points. The overall index, sustainable development (IGDS) of underground dams of Ceara, reached the metric of 538 points, considered an average level of performance and below the sustainability threshold. The selection of dam alternatives, made by AHP, according to the predominant use, showed that the highest priority for investment, to be decided by the public manager is to "underground dam focused on water supply," closely followed by "underground dam focused on agricultural production". The lowest metric was to "dam focused on environmental benefits", with a metric that reached only 33% of the first alternative. Another important finding that deserves reflection, was that farmers (ex-post analysis) have recorded reasonable performance of the environmental dimension indicators, while the expert and decision-makers (analysis ex-ante) have rated the "dam focused on earnings environmental" the third priority, with metric equal to one third of the first alternative. / A barragem subterrânea é uma tecnologia social de baixo custo e de processo simples de construção e operação. Na zona semiárida do Estado do Ceará há potencial para construção de, aproximadamente, 3.400 barragens subterrâneas. O problema central, deste estudo, é a falta de conhecimento aprofundado do grau de sustentabilidade das barragens subterrâneas do Ceará, em termos econômicos, sociais, ambientais e institucionais. Assim, o objetivo desta tese é analisar a sustentabilidade das barragens subterrâneas, do Estado do Ceará, como uma tecnologia social para convivência como semiárido. Para isto, utilizou-se o método Painel de Sustentabilidade (Dashboard of Sustainability), por dimensão e global, e o Método de Análise Hierárquica (Analytic Hierarchy Process) para identificar a alternativa de exploração de barragem subterrânea que gera maiores benefícios às comunidades. A aplicação dos questionários (pesquisa de campo), para a utilização do método Painel de Sustentabilidade, foi realizada junto a 40 agricultores, proprietários das barragens subterrâneas, localizados em 11 municípios do Estado do Ceará. A coleta dos julgamentos, para a aplicação do Método de Análise Hierárquica, aplicada junto a 11 especialistas e/ou decisores, com experiência em barragens subterrâneas. Na utilização do Painel de Sustentabilidade, que visa identificar o grau de desempenho de indicadores de desenvolvimento sustentável por indicador, por dimensão e global, foram selecionados com o auxílio da análise de componentes principais, 28 indicadores. Destes indicadores, apenas 36% alcançaram o patamar de 700 pontos, que é o limiar da sustentabilidade adotado nesta tese. Nenhuma das quatro dimensões atingiu o patamar de 700 pontos. O mais baixo desempenho ficou com a dimensão econômica, ao atingir apenas 218 pontos (necessidade de atenção severa), quando a métrica máxima desejável para o modelo é 1.000 pontos ou, no mínimo, o limiar da sustentabilidade de 700 pontos. O índice global, de desenvolvimento sustentável (IGDS) das barragens subterrâneas do Estado do Ceará, atingiu a métrica de 538 pontos, considerado um grau médio de desempenho e abaixo do limiar da sustentabilidade. A seleção das alternativas de barragens, feita pelo Método AHP, segundo o uso predominante, mostrou que a maior prioridade para investimento, a ser decidida pelo gestor público, é para a “barragem subterrânea focada na oferta de água”, seguida de perto pela “barragem subterrânea focada na produção agrícola”. A menor métrica ficou para a “barragem focada em ganhos ambientais”, com uma métrica que alcançou apenas 33% da primeira alternativa. Outra constatação relevante, que merece reflexão, foi o fato de os agricultores (análise ex-post) terem registrado um razoável desempenho dos indicadores da dimensão ambiental, enquanto os especialista e decisores (análise ex-ante) terem classificado a “barragem focada em ganhos ambientais” na terceira prioridade, com métrica igual a um terço da primeira alternativa.
|
6 |
Indicators integrated sustainability and analysis multicriteria dams underground in Cearà state / Indicadores integrados de sustentabilidade e anÃlise de decisÃo multicriterial de barragens subterrÃneas no estado do CearÃFrancisco Mavignier Cavalcante FranÃa 23 February 2016 (has links)
Instituto Centro de Ensino TecnolÃgico / The underground dam is a social technology of low cost and simple process of construction and operation. In the semi-arid zone of Ceara there is potential to build approximately 3,400 underground dams. The central problem of this study is the lack of in-depth knowledge of the degree of sustainability of underground dams of CearÃ, in economic, social, environmental and institutional terms. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the sustainability of underground dams, the state of CearÃ, as a social technology to living as semi-arid. For this, we used the Dashboard of Sustainability Method by dimension and global, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process to identify the underground dam operating alternative that generates greater benefits to communities. The questionnaires (field research), for the use of Dashboard of Sustainability method, was carried out with 40 farmers, owners of underground dams, located in 11 municipalities of the State of CearÃ. The collection of judgments, for the application of Analytic Hierarchy Process applied together 11 experts and / or decision-makers with expertise in underground dams. When using the Dashboard of Sustainability method, which aims to identify the level of performance of sustainable development for indicator by size and global, were selected with the help of principal component analysis, 28 indicators. These indicators, only 36% achieved the level of 700 points, which is the sustainability threshold used in this thesis. None of the four dimensions reached the level of 700 points. The lower performance was with the economic dimension, reaching only 218 points (need for severe attention) when the maximum metric desirable for the model is 1,000 points or at least the threshold of sustainability of 700 points. The overall index, sustainable development (IGDS) of underground dams of Ceara, reached the metric of 538 points, considered an average level of performance and below the sustainability threshold. The selection of dam alternatives, made by AHP, according to the predominant use, showed that the highest priority for investment, to be decided by the public manager is to "underground dam focused on water supply," closely followed by "underground dam focused on agricultural production". The lowest metric was to "dam focused on environmental benefits", with a metric that reached only 33% of the first alternative. Another important finding that deserves reflection, was that farmers (ex-post analysis) have recorded reasonable performance of the environmental dimension indicators, while the expert and decision-makers (analysis ex-ante) have rated the "dam focused on earnings environmental" the third priority, with metric equal to one third of the first alternative. / A barragem subterrÃnea à uma tecnologia social de baixo custo e de processo simples de construÃÃo e operaÃÃo. Na zona semiÃrida do Estado do Cearà hà potencial para construÃÃo de, aproximadamente, 3.400 barragens subterrÃneas. O problema central, deste estudo, à a falta de conhecimento aprofundado do grau de sustentabilidade das barragens subterrÃneas do CearÃ, em termos econÃmicos, sociais, ambientais e institucionais. Assim, o objetivo desta tese à analisar a sustentabilidade das barragens subterrÃneas, do Estado do CearÃ, como uma tecnologia social para convivÃncia como semiÃrido. Para isto, utilizou-se o mÃtodo Painel de Sustentabilidade (Dashboard of Sustainability), por dimensÃo e global, e o MÃtodo de AnÃlise HierÃrquica (Analytic Hierarchy Process) para identificar a alternativa de exploraÃÃo de barragem subterrÃnea que gera maiores benefÃcios Ãs comunidades. A aplicaÃÃo dos questionÃrios (pesquisa de campo), para a utilizaÃÃo do mÃtodo Painel de Sustentabilidade, foi realizada junto a 40 agricultores, proprietÃrios das barragens subterrÃneas, localizados em 11 municÃpios do Estado do CearÃ. A coleta dos julgamentos, para a aplicaÃÃo do MÃtodo de AnÃlise HierÃrquica, aplicada junto a 11 especialistas e/ou decisores, com experiÃncia em barragens subterrÃneas. Na utilizaÃÃo do Painel de Sustentabilidade, que visa identificar o grau de desempenho de indicadores de desenvolvimento sustentÃvel por indicador, por dimensÃo e global, foram selecionados com o auxÃlio da anÃlise de componentes principais, 28 indicadores. Destes indicadores, apenas 36% alcanÃaram o patamar de 700 pontos, que à o limiar da sustentabilidade adotado nesta tese. Nenhuma das quatro dimensÃes atingiu o patamar de 700 pontos. O mais baixo desempenho ficou com a dimensÃo econÃmica, ao atingir apenas 218 pontos (necessidade de atenÃÃo severa), quando a mÃtrica mÃxima desejÃvel para o modelo à 1.000 pontos ou, no mÃnimo, o limiar da sustentabilidade de 700 pontos. O Ãndice global, de desenvolvimento sustentÃvel (IGDS) das barragens subterrÃneas do Estado do CearÃ, atingiu a mÃtrica de 538 pontos, considerado um grau mÃdio de desempenho e abaixo do limiar da sustentabilidade. A seleÃÃo das alternativas de barragens, feita pelo MÃtodo AHP, segundo o uso predominante, mostrou que a maior prioridade para investimento, a ser decidida pelo gestor pÃblico, à para a âbarragem subterrÃnea focada na oferta de Ãguaâ, seguida de perto pela âbarragem subterrÃnea focada na produÃÃo agrÃcolaâ. A menor mÃtrica ficou para a âbarragem focada em ganhos ambientaisâ, com uma mÃtrica que alcanÃou apenas 33% da primeira alternativa. Outra constataÃÃo relevante, que merece reflexÃo, foi o fato de os agricultores (anÃlise ex-post) terem registrado um razoÃvel desempenho dos indicadores da dimensÃo ambiental, enquanto os especialista e decisores (anÃlise ex-ante) terem classificado a âbarragem focada em ganhos ambientaisâ na terceira prioridade, com mÃtrica igual a um terÃo da primeira alternativa.
|
Page generated in 0.0842 seconds