In an effort to develop more efficient and practical interventions for athletic performance, some behavioral researchers have incorporated a variety of technological innovations. In sports research, only a few studies have examined the effects of video feedback on athletic skill development. The effects of combining expert video modeling with self video feedback as an adjunct to standard coaching techniques were analyzed in this study. Participants in this study were four 7-10 year old competitive gymnasts. During the intervention, each gymnast performed a specific gymnastics skill and then viewed a pre-recorded video segment showing an expert gymnast performing the same skill. The gymnast then viewed a video replay of her own performance of the skill. Next she saw a side by side slow motion with freeze frame comparison of her performance with that of the expert model. Lastly, in normal time, the gymnast viewed the expert video clip again, followed by her own performance of the skill. The effect of expert video modeling with self video feedback on gymnastics skill performance was evaluated in a multiple baseline across behaviors research design. The results showed that the gymnasts' skills increased in performance following exposure to video feedback.

Si de nombreuses études ont été consacrées à l’analyse des grands tours préparatoires aux sorties, aux sorties elles-mêmes et aux lâchers de barre en barre fixe ou barre supérieure de barres asymétriques, les éléments avec envol pour passer d’une barre à l’autre aux barres asymétriques (lâcher la barre inférieure pour saisir la barre supérieure ou l’inverse) n’ont, à notre connaissance, pas fait l’objet de telles études. Cette thèse de doctorat présente dans sa première partie une analyse cinématique du « pieds barre temps de ventre » ainsi qu’une analyse des moments cinétique et d’inertie mis en jeu par deux groupes de gymnastes, des expertes et des novices, lors de la réalisation de ce mouvement. La deuxième partie met en évidence des lois de contrôle moteur utilisées par les deux groupes pour réaliser l’élément. Afin de déterminer si les mouvements des deux groupes sont susceptibles d’améliorations et si la trajectoire créée au lâcher de la barre inférieure ou la gestuelle mise en jeu influence davantage la performance, une optimisation du pieds barre temps de ventre est proposée dans la troisième partie. Enfin, l’effet de l’introduction d’une loi de contrôle moteur dans le processus d’optimisation sur le réalisme des mouvements optimisés est envisagé. / Many studies were dedicated to the analysis of backward giant circles prior to release, releases itself or release-regrasp skills on high bar or uneven bars. To our knowledge, skills with flight phase to release low bar and regrasp high bar or the contrary were not studied yet. The first chapter of this doctoral thesis is dedicated to a kinematic analysis of the “counter movement forward in flight” on uneven bars and to the moment of inertia and angular momentum recorded for two groups of gymnasts performing this task: an expert group and a novice group. The second chapter highlights motor control laws used by the gymnasts of both groups. An optimization of the counter movement forward in flight was carried out in the third chapter in order to know if the movements of both groups may be improved and whether body mass center trajectory or body movements in flight most influence final performance. Effects of introducing a motor control law in the optimization process on the realism of optimized movements were studied.