Within scope of this work, double-fourier analysis method of rapid calculation and detailed simulation method, which are used to investigate DC bus current harmonics in two level and three level three-phase inverters systematically, will be emphasized and two methods will be compared via applying different modulation techniques. In addition, DC bus currents will be investigated visually for various working conditions and modulation methods. After that, analysis methods will be applied and harmonic spectrums will be determined. After all, it will be showed that calculated harmonic spectrums could be treated as unified harmonics around certain frequencies and these unified harmonics could be reached easily via looking at predetermined table. Moreover, it will also be showed that unified harmonic values could be used to determine harmonic current components that are necessary for sizing DC bus capacitor and could be used in various inverter analysis.

The e-learning system is one of many educational methods that allow flexible learner-centered education. It is also an information system based on the Internet. Hence, the increasing use of the e-learning has provided an inter-disciplinary research opportunity to information systems and educational engineering fields. But the benefits of an e-learning are subjected to the organization¡¦s learning environments, readiness and the acceptance of self-directed users. In other words, self-directed learning (SDL) is a prerequisite to e-learning success. It is important to evaluate the readiness of self-directed users and their acceptance of e-learning system. This paper focuses on examining the applicability of both the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) in explaining adult self-directed users¡¦ acceptance of e-learning system in a blended learning context. The combination of user groups (adult learners), the technology (e-learning system), and the context (blended learning in a higher education institution) is new to IT acceptance researches. The purpose of this research is to shed light on more effective ways to motivate part-time adult learners to use e-learning system in a higher education institution. This study extends both the TAM and UTAUT models with self-directed learning (SDL) concepts. A questionnaire was developed based on previous works in the areas of technology acceptance and SDL. Based on responses from 433 adult blended learners, both SDL-based TAM and UTAUT models were evaluated in terms of overall fit, explanatory power, and their causal links. Overall, findings suggest that TAM may be more appropriate than UTAUT for examining high SDLRS score user group¡¦s e-learning acceptance behaviour; UTAUT may provide e-learning designers and management teams some crucial suggestions to enhance low SDLRS score users¡¦ system utilization. This study also asserts that the successful transition to an e-learning environment requires that the self-directed learners be actively encouraged and supported by their organizations. Results of this study provide reliable and valid SDL-based TAM and UTAUT instruments for organizations to determine whether their learners had the necessary skills for SDL-based blended learning before investing huge budget and time in a large-scale e-learning project. As more organizations experiment with e-learning systems, the SDL-based TAM and UTAUT models could be used to (a) assess the degree of users¡¦ self-directed readiness before e-learning implementation; and (b) evaluate the factors affecting users¡¦ acceptance of new e-learning system and provide useful remedies for improving system utilization rate after e-learning implementation.

With increasing merging of the Internet in our daily lives, online shopping becomes a new consumption model. The study subject was female customers who did shopping online. By means of performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence in terms of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as well as involvement degree, the study explored if those variations had influenced female customers¡¦ intentions and behaviors on online shopping. We issued 240 questionnaires by purposive sampling and analyzed by quantitative statistics. The result shows that performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence originating from UTAUT significantly influenced female customers¡¦ intentions. Moreover, their intentions also significantly influenced their behavior online.

Since 1996, the president of Taiwan's implementation of universal suffrage since 2010 in 14 years, There have been twice to replace the regime of peace, Taiwan's policy toward mainland China in the political division of the two major political parties - the KMT and DDP and also so the identity of the ruling and opposition parties quickly converted twice. Taiwan's political environment has undergone an unprecedented rapid changes. This article by David Easton's system theory as a general theory and approaches, Looks forward to further establishing a political party as the core of the local theory, Analysis of Taiwan's political parties since 1996 in the "internal and external environment ¡÷ demand and input ¡÷ feedback and output ¡÷ re-enter to the internal and external environment" and what role in the political process? As well as how the policies of mainland China affected? ¡@This article has found, political parties in the system theory are not only pressure groups for Political authority, And active in the political system's internal, external and boundary, And can be further repression of political authority, the completion of its own expectations of mainland policy. Political parties, both ruling party or opposition parties or unified government or divided government, the political parties can control congress, congressional paralysis, cooperation with other political system, increased support by social mobilization, the creation of political controversy and use other methods to pressure on the political authority. Finally, this article believes that with the cooperation of the KMT and the China Communist Party platform, the KMT has similar status of political authority in Taiwan's policy toward mainland China.

Werden Softwaresysteme auf Basis eines komponentenorientierten Architekturparadigmas entwickelt, stellt sich die Frage, welches Vorgehensmodell zur Projektabwicklung herangezogen werden kann. In der Literatur werden unterschiedliche Vorgehensmodelle zur komponentenorientierten Softwareentwicklung vorgeschlagen. Aus diesen werden in der vorliegenden Untersuchung vier Modelle ausgewählt: Catalysis, Perspective, Rational Unified Process 2002 und V-Modell ’97. Die ausgewählten Vorgehensmodelle werden auf Basis eines allgemeinen Rahmens beschrieben und verglichen. Dabei werden die Aspekte Terminologie, Klassifizierung, Komponentenbegriff, Abdeckung des Lebenszyklus einer Komponente, Abdeckung der Tätigkeitsbereiche, Prozessarchitektur, Prozesssteuerung, Rollenabdeckung und Adaption untersucht. Komponentenorientierte Vorgehensmodelle sind sowohl Weiterentwicklungen bekannter konventioneller Vorgehensmodelle als auch ausschließlich auf die komponentenorientierte Entwicklung ausgerichtet. Obwohl die ausgewählten Vorgehensmodelle speziell auf eine komponentenorientierte Entwicklung ausgerichtet sind, zeigt sich, dass wesentliche Lebenszyklen einer Komponente nur rudimentär behandelt werden. Eine Ausnahme bildet hier Catalysis.

Bacterial responses to environmental stresses may be easily observed and predicted under controlled laboratory conditions. However, realistic conditions encountered during manufacturing, in retail or in households may cause unpredicted responses of spoilage or pathogenic bacteria. Therefore it is essential to identify and understand the microbial dynamics under such conditions. The overall aim of the present study was to simulate the most common environmental conditions and consumer-style practices during storage or preparation of Ready-to-Eat (RTE) and Ready-to-Cook (RTC) products in the domestic environment, and predict the microbial dynamics which may deteriorate the quality or compromise the safety of these foods. Aiming to develop a unified mathematical model for the prediction of the growth of the specific spoilage microorganisms (SSOs), the spoilage pattern of three RTE acidic spreads of low pH was described in relation to microbial, physicochemical and molecular changes during storage. Results showed that the spoilage profile of the products was primarily affected by the initial pH and the storage temperature, despite the differences in their formulation. These findings enabled the assessment of two unified models (polynomial and Ratkowsky) for the prediction of the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB; SSOs) in such acidic spreads, using only the initial pH, the concentration of undissociated acetic acid and the storage temperature. The models were validated under realistic conditions in household refrigerators. Despite the abrupt fluctuations of the temperature during validation procedure, they both were able to adequately predict the growth of LAB in the spreads. However, the initial contamination level was proved to be necessary and crucial for the accurate prediction of microbial dynamics. The time-temperature profiles of the validation procedure revealed that the suggested storage conditions were not followed promptly and, therefore, concerns were raised on the effect of such consumer mishandlings on the safety of foods. Therefore, the responses of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 to the stresses encountered during frozen storage, thawing and cooking of ground beef, simulating typical scenarios followed by the consumers, were evaluated. The results revealed that the guidelines issued by the food safety authorities lack of some specific points that may affect the safety of the final product, such as the duration of frozen storage and the method of cooking. In particular, it was found that the heat resistance of E. coli O157:H7 was likely increased after long term frozen storage, while cooking in pan-grill did not ensure the safety of the final product, even when cooked at the suggested temperature. As shown in the first study, the initial contamination level played a significant role on the predictions of the models and further on the shelf-life of the products. Therefore, the dynamics of realistically low initial populations of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella Typhimurium versus higher levels of the pathogens (such those used during in vitro trials) in RTE fresh-cut salads were compared. In addition, any potential uncertainty sources for the growth potential of the pathogens in broth-based simulations were investigated. Results showed that the growth variability of low inocula is highly affected by the marginal storage temperatures, the indigenous microflora and the availability of nutrients. Because of this, growth from low populations showed the likelihood to exceed the growth derived from unrealistically high inocula, suggesting that ―fail-dangerous‖ implications may derive from such challenge tests. Data derived from this part were compared with broth-based simulations and the results showed that high uncertainty should be expected when extrapolating such predictions from low initial populations in fresh-cut salads, due to the various factors affecting the microbial growth on a real food, which are (inevitably) ignored by broth-based models. Overall, the present Thesis highlights the significant impact of consumer mishandlings on the food safety and quality of foods and contributes to the identification of unpredicted potential risk origins in the domestic environment.

No description available.

Concept-oriented model of data (COM) has been recently defined syntactically by means of the concept-oriented query language (COQL). In this paper we propose a formal embodiment of this model, called nested partially ordered sets (nested posets), and demonstrate how it is connected with its syntactic counterpart. Nested poset is a novel formal construct that can be viewed either as a nested set with partial order relation established on its elements or as a conventional poset where elements can themselves be posets. An element of a nested poset is defined as a couple consisting of one identity tuple and one entity tuple. We formally define main operations on nested posets and demonstrate their usefulness in solving typical data management and analysis tasks such as logic navigation, constraint propagation, inference and multidimensional analysis.

The cadastre contains parcel related data which must be up-to-date. The cadastral data in any country constitute a very big dataset. Therefore parcel related data should be carefully managed. Today, using a database is an effective way of data management. The relational database management system can be a good one for parcel related data. However when the information system concept is considered, just relational database management system is not enough. Some tools are needed in order to manipulate the data in the relational database management system. Object oriented analysis and design is a good choice to develop these tools. In this study, a parcel-based information system is developed and it is implemented for &Ccedil / ankaya Municipality. During the development relational database management system is used for attribute data management, and object-oriented analysis and design is used for development of application to manipulate the data in the relational database management system. The cadastral data are separated into two parts and each part is handled separately. The first part is the geographic or spatial data. These data are handled by the help of the MapInfo Professional Version 6.5. The other part is the attributes of these spatial data. For this part, relational database is designed and implemented on Microsoft SQL Server Version 2000. During the development of the relational database, conceptual database design is performed by enhanced entity-relationship (EER) model. Then in the logical design, the conceptual model is mapped into the relational model. After data storage area is created, the application is developed on that data by using principles of object-oriented design and analysis and unified modeling language. By the help of the software developed, the data management can be carried out easily. By this study, a solution is proposed for the cadastral data management problem of the municipalities, and this study is one of the first studies developed for parcel related data using object-oriented approach for municipalities.

A tool management system for a job shop was developed in this study. The system is based on the rules of the plant of T&uuml / rk Trakt&ouml / r ve Ziraat Makineleri A.S. in Ankara. An object-oriented methodology was used during the system development. Unified Modeling Language (UML), which is the standard diagramming notation for object-oriented development, is used to model the system. Entity-Relation (E-R) modeling is used during the construction of the database. System was developed using three-tiered Microsoft Windows Distributed Internet Applications (DNA) Architecture. Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 and Visual InterDev 6.0, which are the members of Microsoft Visual Studio 6.0 were used as programming tools. Internet Information Server was used as web server and Microsoft Transaction Server was used as object broker. Microsoft SQL Server was used as database server. Software was developed in three modules: gage-fixture, cutting tool-tool holder and tool requirement plan modules. Gage- fixture module tracks the location of measuring equipment, fixture and fixture assemblies / keeps the related data about these tools and manage calibration of the measuring equipments. Cutting tool-tool holder module tracks the issue and return of cutting tools and tool holders / sharpening of cutting tools / keeps the related data about these tools. Tool requirement plan module tracks the purchase orders and cutting tool receivings from vendors / prepares tool requirement plan and suggests purchase orders according to the requirement calculation.