O mercado da construção civil fomenta os estudos de desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento de ferramentas de gestão. Prever o custo de um empreendimento na fase de planejamento requer um nível técnico de alta qualidade para que esta estimativa seja racional, precisa e competitiva. Não apenas os profissionais envolvidos nos projetos devem possuir um alto nível de expertise para alcançar a excelência, mas também as ferramentas de auxílio devem possuir os requisitos adequados aos objetivos institucionais. Neste trabalho é realizada uma avaliação do sistema de software utilizado pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Sul - UFRGS na orçamentação das obras de construção civil custeadas pela União. Esta análise é de cunho quanti-qualitativa baseada em entrevista aos profissionais da área de engenharia e arquitetura, pontuando as deficiências e qualidades dos sistemas, de modo comparativo entre ferramentas selecionadas para o estudo. Quesitos gerais foram formulados para tais avaliações, que por sua vez, foram desdobrados em subcaracterísticas denominadas quesitos específicos, de modo a tornar a análise mais aprofundada. O estudo comparativo teve um resultado válido, pois gerou uma base teórica e analítica de apresentação das características do sistema testado para fim de aperfeiçoamento, gerando uma análise de falhas e identificando pontos de melhorias. Com a aplicação deste estudo foi possível alcançar alguns resultados quanto à avaliação de quesitos técnicos dos sistemas de custos, tais como: (i) pontuação de requisito para cada sistema, possibilitando a avaliação de eficiência em nível global e específica de cada funcionalidade; (ii) identificação de funcionalidades ou dados que necessitam de aperfeiçoamento; (iii) avaliação dos sistemas utilizados pelas corporações em função dos sistemas disponibilizados no mercado. / The construction market encourages the development of studies and improvement of management tools. Predict the cost of a project in the planning phase requires a technical level of high quality so that this estimate is reasonable, accurate and competitive. Not only the professionals involved in the projects should have a high level of expertise to achieve excellence, but also the use of tools must have requirements appropriate for institutional objectives. This work is carried out an assessment of the software system used by the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, the budgeting of construction works funded by the Union. This analysis is quantitative and qualitative nature based on interviews with professionals in the engineering and architecture area, pointing out the deficiencies and qualities of systems making a comparison between selected tools for the study. General questions were formulated for such assessments, which in turn were broken down into sub features called specific questions in order to make further analysis. The comparative study was a valid result, it generated a theoretical and analytical basis for presentation of system features tested in order to improve, resulting in a failure analysis and identifying areas for improvement. With the application of this study was possible to achieve some results as the assessment of technical issues of cost systems such as: With the application of this study was possible to achieve some results as the assessment of technical issues of cost systems such as: (i) requirement score for each system , enabling the assessment of efficiency in global and specific level of each feature requirement score for each system , enabling the assessment of efficiency in global and specific level of each functionality. (ii) identifying of funcionality or data that require improvement; (iii) evaluation of systems used by corporations in terms of systems available on the market.

<p>A trapped Fermi gas near a collisional resonance provides a unique laboratory for testing many-body theories in a variety of fields. The ultracold Fermi gas produced in our lab is comprised of the lowest two spin states of $^6$Li. At 834 G there is a collisional or Feshbach resonance between the two spin states. The scattering length between trapped atoms of opposing spins far exceeds the interparticle spacing of the gas. On resonance, a strongly interacting, unitary, Fermi gas is created which exhibits universal behavior. The unitary Fermi gas is a prototype for other exotic systems in nature from nuclear matter to neutron stars and high temperature superconductors.</p> <p>For magnetic fields less than 834 G the scattering length is positive, and pairs Fermi atoms can form molecular dimers. These dimers, comprised of two fermions, are bosons. At ultracold temperatures the molecular bosons populate the lowest energy level and form a Bose Einstein Condensate (BEC). For magnetic fields greater than 834G the scattering length between fermions in opposing spin states is negative, like Cooper pairs formed between electrons in a superconductor. The Bardeen, Cooper, and Shriefer (BCS) theory was developed to describe the pairing effect in the context of superconductors. In our experiment we produce an ultracold unitary gas. By tuning the magnetic field to either side of the Feshbach resonance we can transform the gas into a weakly interacting BEC or BCS superfluid. Therefore, the region near a Feshbach resonance is called the BEC-BCS crossover.</p> <p>This dissertation presents a precision measurement of the hydrodynamic sound velocity in an ultracold Fermi gas near a Feshbach resonance. The sound velocity is measured at various magnetic fields both above and below resonance. Moreover, we are able compare our measurements to theoretical descriptions of hydrodynamic sound propagation. Further, our measurement of sound velocity exactly reproduces the non-perturbative case, eliminating the need to consider nonlinear effects. At resonance the sound velocity exhibits universal scaling with the Fermi velocity to within 1.8\% over a factor of 30 in density. In a near zero temperature unitary gas the average sound velocity at the axial center was measured, $c(0)/v_F$ = 0.364(0.005), as well as the universal constant, $\beta$ = -0.565(0.015). The measurement of sound velocity in an ultracold gas throughout the BEC-BCS crossover provides further evidence of the continuous connection between the physics of the BEC, unitary, and BCS systems.</p> / Dissertation

In this dissertation we consider several problems in classical complex analysis and operator theory. In the first part we study basis properties of a system of complex exponentials with a given frequency sequence. We show that most of these basis properties can be characterized in terms of the invertibility properties of certain Toeplitz operators. We use this reformulation to give a metric description of the radius of l2-dependence. Using similar methods we solve the classical Beurling gap problem in the case of separated real sequences. In the second part we consider the classical Polýa-Levinson problem asking for a description of all real sequences with the property that every zero type entire function which is bounded on such a sequence must be a constant function. We first give a description in terms of injectivity of certain Toeplitz operators and then use this to give a metric description of all such sequences. In the last part we study the spectral changes of a partial isometry under unitary perturbations. We show that all the spectra can be described in terms of the characteristic function of the partial isometry that is being perturbed. Our main tool in the proofs is a Herglotz-type representation for generalized spectral measures. We furthermore use this representation to give a new proof of the classical Naimark's dilation theorem and to generalize Aleksandrov's disintegration theorem.

published_or_final_version / Civil and Structural Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Zugl.: Mannheim, Universiẗat Diss., 2007.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Texas, May, 2008. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Description based on contents viewed Feb. 12, 2009; title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-77).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-62). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 181-194).

O mercado da construção civil fomenta os estudos de desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento de ferramentas de gestão. Prever o custo de um empreendimento na fase de planejamento requer um nível técnico de alta qualidade para que esta estimativa seja racional, precisa e competitiva. Não apenas os profissionais envolvidos nos projetos devem possuir um alto nível de expertise para alcançar a excelência, mas também as ferramentas de auxílio devem possuir os requisitos adequados aos objetivos institucionais. Neste trabalho é realizada uma avaliação do sistema de software utilizado pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Sul - UFRGS na orçamentação das obras de construção civil custeadas pela União. Esta análise é de cunho quanti-qualitativa baseada em entrevista aos profissionais da área de engenharia e arquitetura, pontuando as deficiências e qualidades dos sistemas, de modo comparativo entre ferramentas selecionadas para o estudo. Quesitos gerais foram formulados para tais avaliações, que por sua vez, foram desdobrados em subcaracterísticas denominadas quesitos específicos, de modo a tornar a análise mais aprofundada. O estudo comparativo teve um resultado válido, pois gerou uma base teórica e analítica de apresentação das características do sistema testado para fim de aperfeiçoamento, gerando uma análise de falhas e identificando pontos de melhorias. Com a aplicação deste estudo foi possível alcançar alguns resultados quanto à avaliação de quesitos técnicos dos sistemas de custos, tais como: (i) pontuação de requisito para cada sistema, possibilitando a avaliação de eficiência em nível global e específica de cada funcionalidade; (ii) identificação de funcionalidades ou dados que necessitam de aperfeiçoamento; (iii) avaliação dos sistemas utilizados pelas corporações em função dos sistemas disponibilizados no mercado. / The construction market encourages the development of studies and improvement of management tools. Predict the cost of a project in the planning phase requires a technical level of high quality so that this estimate is reasonable, accurate and competitive. Not only the professionals involved in the projects should have a high level of expertise to achieve excellence, but also the use of tools must have requirements appropriate for institutional objectives. This work is carried out an assessment of the software system used by the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, the budgeting of construction works funded by the Union. This analysis is quantitative and qualitative nature based on interviews with professionals in the engineering and architecture area, pointing out the deficiencies and qualities of systems making a comparison between selected tools for the study. General questions were formulated for such assessments, which in turn were broken down into sub features called specific questions in order to make further analysis. The comparative study was a valid result, it generated a theoretical and analytical basis for presentation of system features tested in order to improve, resulting in a failure analysis and identifying areas for improvement. With the application of this study was possible to achieve some results as the assessment of technical issues of cost systems such as: With the application of this study was possible to achieve some results as the assessment of technical issues of cost systems such as: (i) requirement score for each system , enabling the assessment of efficiency in global and specific level of each feature requirement score for each system , enabling the assessment of efficiency in global and specific level of each functionality. (ii) identifying of funcionality or data that require improvement; (iii) evaluation of systems used by corporations in terms of systems available on the market.