O mercado da construção civil fomenta os estudos de desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento de ferramentas de gestão. Prever o custo de um empreendimento na fase de planejamento requer um nível técnico de alta qualidade para que esta estimativa seja racional, precisa e competitiva. Não apenas os profissionais envolvidos nos projetos devem possuir um alto nível de expertise para alcançar a excelência, mas também as ferramentas de auxílio devem possuir os requisitos adequados aos objetivos institucionais. Neste trabalho é realizada uma avaliação do sistema de software utilizado pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Sul - UFRGS na orçamentação das obras de construção civil custeadas pela União. Esta análise é de cunho quanti-qualitativa baseada em entrevista aos profissionais da área de engenharia e arquitetura, pontuando as deficiências e qualidades dos sistemas, de modo comparativo entre ferramentas selecionadas para o estudo. Quesitos gerais foram formulados para tais avaliações, que por sua vez, foram desdobrados em subcaracterísticas denominadas quesitos específicos, de modo a tornar a análise mais aprofundada. O estudo comparativo teve um resultado válido, pois gerou uma base teórica e analítica de apresentação das características do sistema testado para fim de aperfeiçoamento, gerando uma análise de falhas e identificando pontos de melhorias. Com a aplicação deste estudo foi possível alcançar alguns resultados quanto à avaliação de quesitos técnicos dos sistemas de custos, tais como: (i) pontuação de requisito para cada sistema, possibilitando a avaliação de eficiência em nível global e específica de cada funcionalidade; (ii) identificação de funcionalidades ou dados que necessitam de aperfeiçoamento; (iii) avaliação dos sistemas utilizados pelas corporações em função dos sistemas disponibilizados no mercado. / The construction market encourages the development of studies and improvement of management tools. Predict the cost of a project in the planning phase requires a technical level of high quality so that this estimate is reasonable, accurate and competitive. Not only the professionals involved in the projects should have a high level of expertise to achieve excellence, but also the use of tools must have requirements appropriate for institutional objectives. This work is carried out an assessment of the software system used by the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, the budgeting of construction works funded by the Union. This analysis is quantitative and qualitative nature based on interviews with professionals in the engineering and architecture area, pointing out the deficiencies and qualities of systems making a comparison between selected tools for the study. General questions were formulated for such assessments, which in turn were broken down into sub features called specific questions in order to make further analysis. The comparative study was a valid result, it generated a theoretical and analytical basis for presentation of system features tested in order to improve, resulting in a failure analysis and identifying areas for improvement. With the application of this study was possible to achieve some results as the assessment of technical issues of cost systems such as: With the application of this study was possible to achieve some results as the assessment of technical issues of cost systems such as: (i) requirement score for each system , enabling the assessment of efficiency in global and specific level of each feature requirement score for each system , enabling the assessment of efficiency in global and specific level of each functionality. (ii) identifying of funcionality or data that require improvement; (iii) evaluation of systems used by corporations in terms of systems available on the market.

No description available.

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) approach is currently one of the most promising strategies for simulating chemical systems on quantum hardware. In this work, I will describe a new quantum algorithm and a new set of classical algorithms based on VQE. The quantum algorithm, ADAPT-VQE, shows promise in mitigating many of the known limitations of VQEs: Ansatz ambiguity, local minima, and barren plateaus are all addressed to varying degrees by ADAPT-VQE. The classical algorithm family, O2DX-UCCSD, draws inspiration from VQEs, but is classically solvable in polynomial time. This group of algorithms yields equations similar to those of the linearized coupled cluster theory (LCCSD) but is more systematically improvable and, for X = 3 or X = ∞, can break single bonds, which LCCSD cannot do. The overall aim of this work is to showcase the richness of the VQE algorithm and the breadth of its derivative applications. / Doctor of Philosophy / A core goal of quantum chemistry is to compute accurate ground-state energies for molecules. Quantum computers promise to simulate quantum systems in ways that classical computers cannot. It is believed that quantum computers may be able to characterize molecules that are too large for classical computers to treat accurately. One approach to this is the variational quantum eigensolver, or VQE. The idea of a VQE is to use a quantum computer to measure the molecular energy associated with a quantum state which is parametrized by some classical set of parameters. A classical computer will use a classical optimization scheme to update those parameters before the quantum computer measures the energy again. This loop is expected to minimize the quantum resources needed for a quantum computer to be useful, since much of the work is outsourced to classical computers. In this work, I describe two novel algorithms based on the VQE which solve some of its problems.

In this work, we explore the NN → πNN reaction within a relativistic model, consistent with two- and three-body unitarity, for the NN and πNN coupled systems. The model is based on effective hadronic interactions. After describing the theoretical input, we compare the predicted NN phase parameters with the phase shift analysis. Our predictions for the NN → πNN spin observables are compared with the available data and with predictions from other models. A clear model dependence is observed. We also examine systematically the dependence of these spin observables on various components of the dynamical input. We identify and isolate some problems related to the present approach and we point out possible directions for future research. / Ph. D.

La biologie a connu une extraordinaire révolution avec l'arrivée de nombreux génomes entièrement séquencés. L'analyse de la quantité d'informations disponibles nécessite la création et l'utilisation d'outils informatiques automatisés. L'interprétation des données biologiques prend tout son sens à la lumière de l'évolution. En ce sens, les études évolutives sont incontestablement nécessaires pour donner un sens aux données biologiques. Dans ce contexte, le laboratoire développe des outils pour étudier l'évolution des génomes (et protéomes) à travers les mutations subies. Cette thèse porte sur l'étude spécifique des événements de pertes de gènes unitaires. Ces événements peuvent révéler des pertes de fonctions très instructives pour comprendre l'évolution des espèces. En premier lieu, j'ai développé l'outil GLADX qui mime l'expertise humaine afin d'étudier automatiquement et avec précision les événements de pertes de gènes unitaires. Ces études se basent sur la création et l'interprétation de données phylogénétiques, de BLAST, de prédictions protéiques, etc., dans un contexte automatisé. Ensuite, j'ai développé une stratégie utilisant l'outil GLADX pour étudier à grande échelle les pertes de gènes unitaires au cours de l'évolution du protéome humain. La stratégie utilise d'abord comme filtre l'analyse de groupes d'orthologues fabriqués par un outil de clustérisation à partir du protéome complet de nombreuses espèces. Cette analyse a permis de détecter 6237 pertes de gènes unitaires putatives dans la lignée humaine. L'étude approfondie de ces pertes avec GLADX a mis en évidence de nombreux problèmes liés à la qualité des données disponibles dans les bases de données. / Biology has undergone an extraordinary revolution with the appearance of numerous whole genomes sequenced. Analysis of the amount of information available requires creation and use of automated tools. The interpretation of biological data becomes meaningful in light of evolution. In view of all this, evolutionary studies are undoubtedly necessary to highlight the biological data. In this context, the laboratory develops tools to study the genomes (and proteomes) evolution through all the undergone mutations. The project of this thesis focuses specifically on the events of unitary gene losses. These events may reveal loss of functions very instructive for understanding the evolution of species. First, I developed the GLADX tool that mimics human expertise to automatically and accurately investigate the events of unitary gene losses. These studies are based on the creation and interpretation of phylogenetic data, BLAST, predictions of protein, etc., in an automated environment. Secondly, I developed a strategy using GLADX tool to study, at large-scale, the loss of unitary genes during the evolution of the human proteome. The strategy uses, in the first step, the analysis of orthologous groups produced by a clustering tool from complete proteomes of numerous species. This analysis used as a filter, allowed detecting 6237 putative losses in the human lineage. The study of these unitary gene loss cases has been deepened with GLADX and allowed to highlight many problems with the quality of available data in databases.

I den föreliggande studien undersöktes mobilljudens effekt på minnesbehållning i klassrumsmiljö. I Studien undersöktes även vilken teori – unitary teorin eller duplex-mekanism teorin – som lämpligast förklarade mobilljudens eventuella effekter på kognitiva mekanismer. Metoden bestod i att deltagarna tittade på en kort dokumentär och därefter utförde ett minnestest, som berörde dokumentärens innehåll. Experimentgruppen fick titta på dokumentären, samtidigt som ringsignaler och aviseringsljud spelades upp under fyra perioder i dokumentären, medan kontrollgruppen inte utsattes FÖR buller. Deltagarnas hågkomst av innehållet av dessa fyra perioder prövades genom testfrågor. 27 försökspersoner deltog i experimentet, varav 11 personer var i kontrollgruppen och resten i experimentgruppen. Resultatet visade inte någon effekt av mobilljud på deltagarnas minnesbehållning. Resultatet stödjer dock duplex-mekanism teorin, vilket betyder att unitary teorin inte stöds i den föreliggande studien. Däremot, försvårar metodologiska brister och lågt antal deltagare tolkningen av resultatet. Förslag för framtida forskning inbegriper metodologiska förbättringar och undersökningsområden. / The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cell phone noise on memory retention in classroom environment. A second purpose of the study was to determine which theory – unitary account or duplex-mechanism account – would best explain the effect of cell phone noise on cognitive mechanisms. The method required the participants to watch a short documentary and afterwards complete a memory test, consisting of gist questions. The experiment group was simultaneously being exposed to ringtones and text message signals of a cell phone during four episodes of the documentary, whereas the control group was not exposed to noise. The participants’ memory retention of the content of those four episodes was tested via so called test items. 27 participants participated in the experiment, where 11 of them were in the control group and the rest in the experiment group. The results failed to find an effect of cell phone noise on participants’ memory retention. The results support the duplex-mechanism account, which means that the unitary account is not supported in the present study. However, methodological flaws and the small sample complicate the interpretation of the results. Recommendations for future research involve methodological improvements and research areas.

Let H be a separable infinite dimensional complex Hilbert space, let U(H) be the Polish topological group of unitary operators on H, let G be a Polish topological group and φ:G→U(H) an algebraic isomorphism. Then φ is a topological isomorphism. The same theorem holds for the projective unitary group, for the group of *-automorphisms of L(H) and for the complex isometry group. If H is a separable real Hilbert space with dim(H)≥3, the theorem is also true for the orthogonal group O(H), for the projective orthogonal group and for the real isometry group. The theorem fails for U(H) if H is finite dimensional complex Hilbert space.

No description available.

The purpose of this thesis is to Investigate the relation between mega sport event, media and Korean nationalism in the context of globalisation. Attention is paid to the South Korean media coverage of the 2004 summer Athens Olympic Games. A process/figurational sociological perspective was implemented in making sense of the global-national nexus in the media coverage of the Olympic Games. In this examination, the way In which the media promote the notion of globalisation and reinforce the Idea of nationalism was addressed. The South Korean newspapers and television coverage were investigated In a qualitative manner, and thematic, discourse and visual/image analysis were carried out. Using an inductive thematic coding system, themes and types of media discourse of globalisation and nationalism were identified. The research findings showed that the media coverage of the Olympic Games contains elements of both globalisation and nationalism. While the notions of a global festival and global fraternity were frequently used in celebration of emergence of a global society at the Olympic Games by the media, nationalistic discourses and expressions also accounted for a significant portion of the media coverage of the Olympic Games. It was also found that other notions such as Olympic ideals, war on terror and capitalist ideology were also central elements of the media coverage of the Olympic Games. In addition, the research outcome also points out that a unitary Korean nationalism, which supports reunification of the divided Korea, is becoming a dominant form of discourse on inter-Korean relations within South Korea. Therefore, a unitary Korean nationalism is evident in the South Korean media coverage of the Olympic Games. Overall, the research findings suggest that a media version of the Olympic Games is both a supreme facilitator of globalisation and an ultimate identifier of the nation.

This dissertation examines multi-antenna transceiver design over flat-fading wireless channels. Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) and MultiLevel Coded Modulation (MLCM) transmitter structures are considered, as well as the used of an optional spatial precoder under slow and quasi-static fading conditions. At the receiver, MultiStage Decoder (MSD) and Iterative Detection and Decoding (IDD) strategies are applied. Precoder, mapper and subcode designs are optimized for different receiver structures over the different antenna and fading scenarios. Under slow and quasi-static channel conditions, fade resistant multi-antenna transmission is achieved through a combination of linear spatial precoding and non-linear multi-dimensional mapping. A time-varying random unitary precoder is proposed, with significant performance gains over spatial interleaving. The fade resistant properties of multidimensional random mapping are also analyzed. For MLCM architectures, a group random labelling strategy is proposed for large antenna systems. The use of complexity constrained receivers in BICM and MLCM transmissions is explored. Two multi-antenna detectors are proposed based on a group detection strategy, whose complexity can be adjusted through the group size parameter. These detectors show performance gains over the the Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE)detector in spatially multiplexed systems having an excess number of transmitter antennas. A class of irregular convolutional codes is proposed for use in BICM transmissions. An irregular convolutional code is formed by encoding fractions of bits with different puncture patterns and mother codes of different memory. The code profile is designed with the aid of extrinsic information transfer charts, based on the channel and mapping function characteristics. In multi-antenna applications, these codes outperform convolutional turbo codes under independent and quasi-static fading conditions. For finite length transmissions, MLCM-MSD performance is affected by the mapping function. Labelling schemes such as set partitioning and multidimensional random labelling generate a large spread of subcode rates. A class of generalized Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes is proposed, to improve low-rate subcode performance. For MLCM-MSD transmissions, the proposed generalized LDPC codes outperform conventional LDPC code construction over a wide range of channels and design rates.