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The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
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Showing 1 to 6 of 6 (0.031 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"upjohn"" "subject:"ipjohn""
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Stereoselective Synthesis Of Optically Active Cyclitol Precursors Via Chemoenzymatic Method And Synthesis Of A Nucleoside PrecursorOguzkaya, Funda 01 June 2006 (has links) (PDF)
ABSTRACT
STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE CYCLITOL
PRECURSORS VIA CHEMOENZYMATIC METHOD
AND
SYNTHESIS OF A NUCLEOSIDE PRECURSOR
Oguzkaya, Funda
M.S., Department of Chemistry
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Cihangir Tanyeli
June 2006, 99 pages
& / #945 / ' / -acetoxylation of & / #945 / ,ß / -unsaturated cyclic ketones was adjusted via Mn(OAc)3 in regioselective manner. Then, PLE hydrolysis was carried out so as to afford enantiomerically enriched & / #945 / ' / -acetoxylated and & / #945 / ' / -hydroxylated cyclic compounds. From our knowledge about the literature and previous works dealing with & / #945 / ' / -hydroxylated products which are easily racemized, protection was directly adjusted via acetylation so as to prevent this possibility. Resulting enantiomerically enriched products were subjected to Upjohn Dihydroxylation to obtain cyclitol precursors and following Luche Reduction of ketone was adjusted so as to obtain corresponding cyclitols.
In addition with such synthetic design, firstly dimethyl cyclopent-3-ene-1,1-dicarboxylate was obtained so as to reach in former manner 3-cyclopentene-1,1-dicarboxylic acid, and in latter manner cyclopent-3-enecarboxylic acid. Resulting compound was converted to 6-iodo-2-oxa-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-one and followingly to the target nucleoside precursor which is 2-oxa-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-3-one.
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Ordering Modernity: the American architectural profession between fact and law, 1786-1884Carver, Erik January 2023 (has links)
The nineteenth-century American building world assembled an unprecedented armature of professional knowledge. This dissertation reconstructs that armature by sampling from the profusion of technical and institutional documents that helped architects, engineers, and builders reckon with the enigmatic abstractions of liberal and industrial capitalism— along with the regimes of labor, infrastructure, and resource management they introduced. Typically ignored by architectural historians, these documents form a valuable archive of cultural texts and evidential indices.
As a system of knowledge, they tether design to a series of political-economic conflicts. Revolutionary Philadelphia carpenters and reactionary Anglican specifiers alike found in printed numbers sources of authority and claims on temporal power. Postbellum architect-engineers like John C. Trautwine and Frank Kidder used pocketbooks to transfuse the logics of locomotives and lumber mills into the core of architectural practice. Through a professional sleight of hand, institution-builders like Richard Upjohn and Richard Morris Hunt distanced themselves from the appearance of calculation while depending upon it ever more, encrypting it in drawings, institutional scripts, and legal precedent.
In their work with architect H.H. Richardson, general contractors James and Orlando W. Norcross most fully realized the potentials of this system, synthesizing technical literature, industrial capital, and a proprietary mythos of materials to achieve the apotheosis of American architecture. I plumb this obscure world of literate builders and architect-engineers to map such architecture as an expanded field of infrastructural practice, arguing that industrial modernity was perhaps best glimpsed not in an iron frame but in a carefully-sourced palette of quarry-faced sandstone.
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The replacement of the doctrine of pith and marrow by the catnic test in English Patent Law : a historical evaluationZondo, Raymond Mnyamezeli Mlungisi 02 1900 (has links)
This dissertation is a historical evaluation of the movement of the English courts from the doctrine of pith and marrow to the Catnic test in the determination of non-textual infringement of patents. It considers how and why the doctrine was replaced with the Catnic test. It concludes that this movement occurred as a result of the adoption by a group of judges of literalism in the construction of patents while another group dissented and maintained the correct application of the doctrine. Although the Court of Appeal and the House of Lords initially approved the literalist approach, they, after realising its untennability, adopted the dissenters’ approach, but, ultimately, adopted the Catnic test in which features of the dissenters’ approach were included. The dissertation concludes that the doctrine of pith and marrow, correctly applied, should have been retained as the Catnic test creates uncertainty and confusion. / Mercantile Law / LL.M.
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The replacement of the doctrine of pith and marrow by the catnic test in English Patent Law : a historical evaluationZondo, Raymond Mnyamezeli Mlungisi 02 1900 (has links)
This dissertation is a historical evaluation of the movement of the English courts from the doctrine of pith and marrow to the Catnic test in the determination of non-textual infringement of patents. It considers how and why the doctrine was replaced with the Catnic test. It concludes that this movement occurred as a result of the adoption by a group of judges of literalism in the construction of patents while another group dissented and maintained the correct application of the doctrine. Although the Court of Appeal and the House of Lords initially approved the literalist approach, they, after realising its untennability, adopted the dissenters’ approach, but, ultimately, adopted the Catnic test in which features of the dissenters’ approach were included. The dissertation concludes that the doctrine of pith and marrow, correctly applied, should have been retained as the Catnic test creates uncertainty and confusion. / Mercantile Law / LL. M.
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The influence of national culture on cross-border M&ALaneve, Marc, Stüllein, Thomas January 2010 (has links)
<p>In theory, the phrase "mergers and acquisitions" (abbreviated M&A) refers to buying, selling and combining different companies in order to gain improved financial performance, create a global presence, and face the global competitive market. Nevertheless, many researches have underlined the high rate of failure among M&A, and the difficulty to achieve expected results and synergies. Among the reasons of failure, many analysts have pointed out the determinant influence of the cultural aspect in the success or the failure of a cross-border merger. However, the cultural issue in M&A is often neglected and too less stressed.</p><p>In order to have a better understanding of the cultural aspect in the merger and acquisition process, and point out its influence on the merger process as well as the corporate culture, we first present a theoretical part introducing the cross-border merger and acquisition concept with the perspective of the national culture, and the role that leaders could play in order to limit the negative impact of culture and the clashes on cross-border M&A. Therefore, a part including three cases of "cultural failure" in the merger process illustrates the concepts explained in the theoretical part. Those well-known cases are: DaimlerChrysler, UpJohn & Pharmacia, and Volvo – Renault. The cases show how the cultural issue had been underestimated and had implied cultural clashes and extra-costs for the companies involved.</p><p>After concluding our findings, we end the thesis with a prospective part based on the possible evolution of the merger and acquisition market. Indeed, we believe that our research topic will gain importance in the future, and the influence of culture on M&A deals may increase.</p>
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The influence of national culture on cross-border M&ALaneve, Marc, Stüllein, Thomas January 2010 (has links)
In theory, the phrase "mergers and acquisitions" (abbreviated M&A) refers to buying, selling and combining different companies in order to gain improved financial performance, create a global presence, and face the global competitive market. Nevertheless, many researches have underlined the high rate of failure among M&A, and the difficulty to achieve expected results and synergies. Among the reasons of failure, many analysts have pointed out the determinant influence of the cultural aspect in the success or the failure of a cross-border merger. However, the cultural issue in M&A is often neglected and too less stressed. In order to have a better understanding of the cultural aspect in the merger and acquisition process, and point out its influence on the merger process as well as the corporate culture, we first present a theoretical part introducing the cross-border merger and acquisition concept with the perspective of the national culture, and the role that leaders could play in order to limit the negative impact of culture and the clashes on cross-border M&A. Therefore, a part including three cases of "cultural failure" in the merger process illustrates the concepts explained in the theoretical part. Those well-known cases are: DaimlerChrysler, UpJohn & Pharmacia, and Volvo – Renault. The cases show how the cultural issue had been underestimated and had implied cultural clashes and extra-costs for the companies involved. After concluding our findings, we end the thesis with a prospective part based on the possible evolution of the merger and acquisition market. Indeed, we believe that our research topic will gain importance in the future, and the influence of culture on M&A deals may increase.
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