Appendix 7, (3 leaves) in pocket / Includes bibliography / 1 v. (various foliations) : ill ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, 1984

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. / Description based on contents viewed June 2, 2008; title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 32).

Thesis (M.Sc. (Physiology))--Mahidol University, 1978.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-51). Also available on the World Wide Web.

AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF REGINA HELEN MOSSOTTI, for the Master of Science degree in ZOOLOGY, presented 23 October 2009, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: FEMALE REACTION TO MALE URINE SCENTS AS POTENTIAL INDICATOR OF MATE CHOICE IN CAPTIVE CHEETAHS (ACINONYX JUBATUS) MAJOR PROFESSOR: GEORGE A. FELDHAMER Genetic variation in the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) has become dangerously low because of dramatic population decline and fragmentation. Zoos throughout the world manage captive cheetahs with breeding programs to maximize genetic heterozygosity. Unfortunately, the zoo community has not accomplished consistent breeding success with cheetahs, possibly because of a general lack of information on sociosexual behavior. Currently, individual cheetahs are assigned mates based primarily on genetic relatedness; however, evidence from many species suggests that allowing animals to choose mates increases breeding success. When animals, primarily females, are allowed to choose mates they will often pick the best genetic match. I tested whether female cheetahs can determine their genetic relatedness to males by investigating their urine scents. Voided male urine was collected following scent marking. The female was offered scents from three different males: one from an unrelated male, a "good" mate choice (A), another from a male that was equivalent to a second cousin, an "average" mate choice (B), and one from a male that was closely related, equivalent to a brother/father, a "poor" mate choice (C). Every female was also offered "blank" gauze as a control (D). The scents were offered in a pair-wise forced choice paradigm for a total of six possible combinations. All behaviors displayed toward each scent (and their duration) were recorded. The estrous cycling of each female was monitored through fecal hormone evaluation for approximately six weeks, including the weeks during scent trials. In every pairing except C vs. D, the females spent more time overall with the better mate choice in the pair; with three of the comparisons being significantly different (A>C, t=2.38, df=11, P=0.039; A>D, t=1.88, df=11, P= 0.087 and B>D, t=2.62, df=8, P=0.045). Proximity was the most frequently observed behavior and females spent more time in proximity to the most distantly related male scent in all pairings. They spent significantly more time in proximity with A in AC pairing (t=2.25, df=10, P=0.049) and with B in the BC and BD pairings (t=6.37, df=8, P=0.0002; t=2.46, df=6, P=0.049; respectively). Sniffing was the next most frequently observed behavior, and in all pairings (except CD) females spent more time sniffing the most distantly related male's scent; but was only significantly different for A in the AD pairing (t=2.31, df=7, P=0.055). Lag time of estradiol in fecal samples varies between individuals; therefore, the affect of daily estradiol concentrations on scent choices could not be determined. This is the first mate choice study using urine with a mammalian carnivore.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:42:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:02:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:29:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:02:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 01031.pdf: 1041991 bytes, checksum: 8000ce526c55b2be9f4b90936ecb16fc (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IEA/D / Instituto de Energia Atomica - IEA

Orientador: Aulus Cavalieri Carciofi / Banca: Thaila Cristina Putarov / Banca: Márcia de Oliveira Sampaio Gomes / Resumo: O presente estudo avaliou o efeito do consumo de dietas secas extrusadas com diferentes quantidades de amido, proteína e hidroxiprolina sobre o balanço hídrico, excreção renal de oxalato, composição química da urina e a supersaturação relativa da urina para oxalato de cálcio em gatos. Três dietas foram formuladas: Dieta AMIDO com 25% de proteína, 47% de amido e 0,77% de hidroxiprolina; dieta SOJA com 50% de proteína, 19% de amido e 0,94% de hidroxiprolina; dieta HIDROX com 50% de proteína, 21% de amido e 2,98% de hidroxiprolina. Foram utilizados 24 gatos, totalizando oito repetições por tratamento. Os animais foram submetidos a dez dias de adaptação, seguido por sete dias de coleta total de fezes e urina e um dia para coleta de sangue. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. Variáveis não paramétricas foram submetidas aos testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn. De acordo com o proposto pelo experimento, foi verificado diferença nas ingestões de amido, proteína e hidroxiprolina. O volume urinário (P<0,001), ingestão de água de bebedouro (P<0,001) e total de água ingerido (P=0,006) foi menor nos gatos alimentados com AMIDO. Houve aumento na excreção renal de Cl, S, ácido úrico e uréia para animais das dietas SOJA e HIDROX, comparados com os da dieta AMIDO (P<0,05). A excreção de K foi menor em animais recebendo a dieta SOJA quando comparados com o tratamento HIDROX (P=0,02). Os animais tiveram aumento na concentração urinária de K e Mg... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The present study evaluated the effect of dry extruded food intake with different amounts of starch, protein and hydroxyproline on the water balance, renal oxalate excretion, urine chemical composition and the relative supersaturation of urine for calcium oxalate in cats. Three diets were formulated: Diet STARCH with 25% of crude protein, 47% of starch and 0,77% of hydroxyproline; diet SOY with 50% of crude protein, 19% of starch and 0,94% of hydroxyproline; diet HYDROX with 50% of crude protein, 21% of starch and 2,98% of hydroxyproline. Twenty-four cats were used, with eight repetitions per treatment. Animals were submitted to an adaptation period of ten days, followed by seven days for total feces and urine collection and one day for blood collection. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test. Non-parametric variables were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. Following the purpose of experiment, cats had different starch, crude protein and hydroxyproline intake. The urinary volume (P<0.001), water intake via drinking bowl (P<0.001) and total water intake (P=0.006) was lower in cats fed STARCH. There was an increase in renal excretion of Cl, S, uric acid and urea for animals receiving SOY and HYDROX diets compared to STARCH diet (P<0.05). The excretion of K was lower for animals receiving SOY diet when compared to HIDROX treatment (P=0.02). Animals presented higher urinary concentration of K and Mg (P<0.01) when fed the STARCH diet ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:42:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:02:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / O presente estudo propõe uma alternativa para tratamento químico da urina para redução no consumo de água em descargas residenciais, possibilitando um maior tempo de permanência da água a ser descartada na bacia sanitária antes do acionamento da descarga. O processo consiste em neutralizar os componentes responsáveis pelo odor e cor característicos da urina a partir da reação química com dicloroisocianurato de sódio, NaDCC. O composto também apresenta ação bactericida podendo agir por um determinado período de tempo. Além disso, considera-se a adição de um componente indicador de nível de saturação do meio para otimizar o efeito sobre os aspectos estéticos e sanitários (odor, cor e presença de bactérias). O tratamento proposto deverá apresentar baixo custo estimulando a mudança de paradigmas por meio da conscientização da importância da redução do consumo de água nas residências. Pretende-se acompanhar o desempenho do processo proposto a partir de ensaios físico-químicos e microbiológicos. / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

O abuso da cocaína representa atualmente um dos grandes problemas mundiais de saúde pública. A utilização de análises toxicológicas para verificar a exposição à cocaína é de grande interesse social pois possibilita que medidas de prevenção e controle sejam adotadas. Um dos indicadores biológicos da exposição à cocaína é a benzoilecgonina pois é o principal produto de biotransformação encontrado na urina. Entretanto, as propriedades físico-químicas da benzoilecgonina dificultam sua análise por técnicas cromatográficas empregadas em Laboratórios de Toxicologia. Extrações líquido-líquido não fornecem bons índices de recuperação e há a necessidade de derivação da benzoilecgonina para posterior análise por cromatografia em fase gasosa. No trabalho, a aplicação de extração em fase sólida seguida da conversão de benzoilecgonina em cocaína com diazometano possibilitou a padronização do método, utilizando as técnicas de cromatografia em fase gasosa associada à espectrometria de massa, cromatografia em fase gasosa com detector de nitrogênio-fósforo e cromatografia em camada delgada de alta eficiência. Amostras provenientes de usuários de cocaína foram submetidas ao método padronizado e em todas foi possível a detecção de cocaína pelas técnicas cromatográficas utilizadas. / Cocaine abuse is now representing one of the greatest world public health problem. Great social interests have been generated with the using of toxicological analyses with the aim of detecting cocaine exposure to adopt prevention and control measures. Benzoylecgonine, the main metabolite found in urine, is one of the biological markers of cocaine exposure. However, its physical-chemical properties make the chromatographic analyses of this substance a difficult task. Liquid-liquid extraction of this analyte from biological sample does not provide good recovery and the derivatization of benzoyleconine for further detection by gas chromatography is a need. In this study, the application of solid phase extraction followed by benzoylecgonine conversion into cocaine with diazomethane made the standardization of the method possible. The following techniques were used: gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS), gas chromatography/ nitrogen-phosphorous detection (GC/NPD) and high performance thin-Iayer chromatography (HPTLC). Samples collected from cocaine abusers were submitted to the standardized extraction and derivatization techniques. Cocaine was detected in ali samples when chromatography was applied.