none

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Yoheiji Kono Ramos.pdf: 2928259 bytes, checksum: 7e341eff77bae233dc21be6a91d210f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-22 / Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International Investment / The study of mining rights in Brazil is still incipient, despite the mining economic activity traced to Brazilian colonization by Portugal. This is verified by the few answers right in a case involving the mining itself, which become rarer when the environmental variables and land are incorporated. Therefore, the present research aimed to develop studies that cover the legal consequences for mining on the occupational status of the space where you plan to develop its activities, being analyzed the Amazon, in particular, the State of Pará, since the same time appearing as a mineral producer on the rise due to the quality and quantity of minerals found in its territory, on the other hand, presents emblematic cases of illegal appropriation of public lands and natural resources, causing legal uncertainty and social instability, causing injury to population, damage to the treasury and the miner himself, and away from new opportunities that are conducted in support of sensible sustainable development, may convert the mineral wealth of the desired endogenous development, as occurred in the United States, Canada, Chile and Australia. For this, we used library resources deaths in legal, social and economic sciences, as well as legislative and jurisprudential research. In addition, we sought to spatial analysis using maps of the relationship between land use and mining property, as well as raising the legal-ownership status and amounts paid CFEM seven mining projects run on public lands in the Amazon to estimate the amount due to the participation of the owner in the mining results. As a result we attempted to contextualize the government and the mining on land tenure and occupational land in Pará State, demonstrate the need to internalize the costs of production, the economic use of the public as well as environmental soil in compliance with the principle of user-payer and also propose the construction of public policies that address land use regulation as an essential tool for reducing environmental conflicts over access to land and other natural resources such as mining / O estudo do direito minerário no Brasil ainda é incipiente, não obstante a atividade econômica minerária remontar à colonização brasileira por Portugal. Esta situação é verificada pelas poucas respostas do direito perante os casos envolvendo a mineração em si, que se tornam mais raras quando as variáveis ambiental e fundiária são incorporadas. Por isso, o presente trabalho de pesquisa pretendeu desenvolver estudos que abarcam os reflexos jurídicos para mineração diante da situação ocupacional do espaço onde pretende desenvolver suas atividades, sendo objeto de análise a Amazônia, em especial, o Estado do Pará, visto que, ao mesmo tempo que figura como produtor mineral em ascensão em razão da qualidade e quantidade dos minérios encontrados no seu território, por outro lado, apresenta casos emblemáticos de apropriação ilegal de terras públicas e de recursos naturais, causando insegurança jurídica e instabilidade social, causadoras de prejuízos a população, lesão ao erário e ao próprio minerador, além de afastar novas oportunidades que, se conduzidas em prol do desenvolvimento sustentável sensato, poderão converter as riquezas minerais no pretendido desenvolvimento endógeno, como ocorrido nos Estados Unidos, Canadá, Chile e Austrália. Para tanto, utilizou-se de recursos bibliográficos óbitos nas ciências jurídica, social e econômica, além de pesquisa legislativa e jurisprudencial. Além disso, buscou-se a análise espacial através de mapas da relação entre a ocupação do solo e a propriedade minerária, bem como levantar a situação jurídica-fundiária e os valores pagos a título da CFEM de sete empreendimentos minerários executados em terrenos públicos na Amazônia para estimar o valor devido a título de participação do proprietário nos resultados da lavra. Como resultado buscou-se contextualizar os poderes públicos e o minerador sobre a situação fundiária e ocupacional das terras no Estado do Pará, demonstrar a necessidade de internalizar nos custos de produção o uso econômico do solo público enquanto bem ambiental em cumprimento do princípio do usuário-pagador e, ainda, propor a construção de políticas públicas que contemplem a regularização fundiária como instrumento essencial para redução de conflitos socioambientais pelo acesso a terra e demais recursos naturais como o minerário

Continuous growth in transport performance leads to deterioration of the transport infrastructure and there is also a need for states to raise funds to cover the costs of repairs, maintenance and modernization of this infrastructure. One option is to charge users of such infrastructure. In the Czech Republic there is a system of charges only for the use of road and rail transport routes. There is no charging of waterways in the Czech Republic, but it exists in some european countries. This diploma thesis deals with the issue of the charging of waterways in the European Union and thus points out the existence of an alternative possibility of financing expenditures for repairs, maintenance or modernization of the transport infrastructure serving the Czech water transport. The first three chapters contain the theoretical background, focusing in particular on the importance of freight water transport and European policy. The other chapters include an analysis of the established charging system for waterways in Germany. Subsequently, the total revenue from the charging of users of waterways for freight transport is calculated. From this analysis, the thesis is also based on the creation of a model for charging the Elbe waterway in the Czech Republic. After creating the preconditions for charging the Elbe waterway, the potential revenue obtained by this charging was also calculated and compared with the average annual cost of repairs and maintenance of watercourses in the Czech Republic.