During the summero f 1964 a taxonomica and ecological study was made of the desmids (microscopic green algae) found in Lily Lake. The study site is a subalpine lake in the Wasatch National Forest of the Uinta Mountains, Utah. The lake is located about one-half mile west of Trial Lake at an elevation of approximately 10,000 feet. The lake is an acidic, cold, lentic bog pond characteristic of this region. Desmids were collected at weekly intervals from seven sampling sites. The water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, light conditions and length of day from sunrise to sunset were recorded at the time of collection. Periphyton samples were obtained by scraping material from the stems and lower sides of leaves of water lilies, organic matter lying on the bottom of the lake, submerged logs and stems, dead sedge and grass leaves of the quaking peat, and organic matter of a floating peat mat. Surface samples were obtained by use of a plankton net. Small sheets of broken glass were suspended in the water as artificial habitats for desmid growth. There were 167 species collected representing seventeen genera of the family Desmidiaceae. Illustrations were made of every species collected. Ninety-four different species were found that have not been reported in Utah waters. The species were divided into five groups based on their percent frequency: (i) abundant (80-100%}, (ii) common(60- 79%), (iii) frequent (40-59), (iv) occasional (20-39%), and (v) scarce (5-19%). There were fourteen abundant species. four of these were observed in each to collection made: Buastrum Didelta, Triploceras gracile, Cosmarioum margaritiferum, and Xanthidium armatum var. fissum. There were twenty-two common species, twenty-four frequent species, forty-three occasional species, and sixty-four scarse species. Five genera contained the majority of species found. Cosmarium was represented with fifty one species; Closterium and Staurastrum each had twenty-five species; Micrasterias had sixteen species; and thirteen species were in the Euastrum genera. Xanthidium, Penium, Pleurotaenium, Arthrodesmus, Desmidium, Netrium, Triploceras, Hyalotheca, Sphaerozoama, Onychonema, Spondylosium and Gymnozyga were the remaining genera. There were thirty-seven species in this latter group. The natural habitats provided the best environment for the growth of desmids. Periphyton samples from the shallow water contained the largest number of species. Artificial habitats of glass sheets were especially favorable for the growth of Closterium lineatum, Closterium ralfsii var. hybridum and Closterium sp. (5). Few species were found free-floating where the lake was over six feet deep. As the pH, air, and water temperature increased during the growing season, the number of species collected increased, and as the water temperature decreased, oxygen increased, and the number of species collected decreased.

Lily Lake, a subalpine lake in the Wasatch National Forest Tl5, R9E, S31, of the Uinta Mountain Region, Utah, is located about one-half mile west of Trial Lake at an elevation of 10,000 feet. This Lake, which is one of the acidic, cold, lentic bogs characteristic of this area, has been selected for a taxonomic and seasonal distribution study of acquatic phycomycetes. This study is a beginning to our knowledge of the role of the fungi in the hydrobiology of Lily Lake and will supply the first information on record of the water molds of this area. The study identifies the fungi found on fourteen types of substrata and correlates it with the environmental data of the lake.

A quantitative and ecological study of the algal flora of Huntington Canyon, Emery Co., Utah was conducted from March 1971 to April 1972. Data were collected concerning net plankton, nannoplankton, periphyton and visible attached algae. Certain physical and chemical parameters in the waters of Huntington Creek and a small pond along its course also were measured. The algal flora of Huntington Canyon contains a wide diversity of genera and species. Diatoms are the main constituent of the flora of this stream throughout the year. Hydrurus foetidus is prevalent in the creek in Huntington Canyon from late winter to early summer, and filamentous blue-green algae abound in the summer and fall. Cladophora flomerata, Oedogonium sp., and Chara vulgaris are abundant in the creek beyond the mouth of the canyon. Most plankton in Huntington Creek originate on the substrate and in reservoirs. Huntington Creek is a cold, fast flowing, hard water mountain stream, and the algal flora of this creek is typical of such a habitat.

A taxonomic study of the diatoms of the Goshen ponds and adjacent wet meadows, Utah County, Utah, was conducted from April 1974 to March 1975. The diatom flora of these warm spring fed ponds consisted of thirty-five genera containing one hundred twenty-one species, twenty-eight varieties, and two forms. The flora was dominated primarily by the following genera: Achnanthes, Fragilaria, Synedra, Navicula, Cymbella, Terpsinoe, and Nitzschia. Nineteen plates with 150 illustrations accompany the text.

A comprehensive floristic study of Mt. Timpanogos, Utah County, Utah, was undertaken. The Mt. Timpanogos area is a much used facility in recreation, biology, watershed development, livestock management, and education. It is also representative of a major segment of the overall flora of Utah. This study adds to the ever-increading knowledge of the flora of Utah, and provides a means of identifying the flora of this region, which is basic to any future management.

It was the purpose of this study to determine what aquatic plants were common to central Utah and to outline the ecological factors that control their distribution. The main emphasis throughout has been upon the more macroscopic aquatic plants. Such algae were included as was warranted by their size,, abundance and importance in the various habitats in which they grew. As this study progressed it became evident that there was a need for a broad survey-type study of the aquatic plants that would include essentially all of the wet lands of the central Utah region. The area of study closely corresponds to the boundaries of Utah County, although some collections were made outside the county, particularly to the east, in Wasatch County. The study was initiated in the spring of 1955 and field work was done during the summers of 1956, 1957, and 1959.

Numerous reports have been published on the taxonomy and distribution of the coprophilous Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes. No known quantitative work has been done, however, on the succession and structure of the communities formed by these higher fungi. This research was undertaken to study those two phases of the ascomycete and basidiomycete communities which grow and fruit on cow dung collected from Santaquin Canyon, Utah.

The Manning Canyon Shale on the eastern slope of Lake Mountain in Utah County, Utah contains an Early Pennsylvanian flora within its upper shales. Many of these fossils appear to be new species. A microscopic study of the tissue remains can be of value in the further classification of these fossils. Selected fossils were macerated in hydrofluoric acid, and the residues were examined microscopically for tissue remains. Objects identified as fossil tissue remains were found in twenty five of the forty-eight specimens examined. Fibers, fiber tracheids, tracheids, and spores were isolated from fossils identified as Calamites. The spores were possibly recent fungus spores from the laboratory. Most of the fossils identified as Cordaites had little or no remaining organic material, but one fiber and a peel showing the outlines of cells which were presumed to be epidermal cells were found. A fiber and a fiber tracheid were isolated from a Lepidostrobus. A spore was found in the maceration residue of a fossil identified as Lepidodendron but was too decomposed to be classified as to the type of spore. Many of the fossils collected from the Manning Canyon Shale appear to be portions of stems, roots, or rachises of undetermined affinities. These were lumped together for this study under the classification of "stems." Xylem elements, cuticles, sclereids, and an

A taxonomic study of the algae of Huntington canyon, Emery County, Utah, was conducted from March 1971 to April 1972. The algal flora of this cold, fast-flowing, hard-water mountain creek consisted of ninety-five genera, one hundred ninety-six species, twenty-nine varieties, and two forms. This diverse flora was dominated by many different species with usually rather few individuals of Achnanthes, Cymbella, Diatoma, Gomphonema, Lyngbya, Navicula, Nitzschia, Oscillatoria, Synedra, and Ulothrix.

An understanding of the interactions betnen vegetation and livestock grazing is of paramount importance to the welfare of the livestock industry. It is also important to know how these interactions affect the balance of the ecosystem. In general, observations of changes in vegetation provide an index for evaluating such interactions. Vegetation change is the main object of consideration in this paper. The study is concerned with some of the oldest pemanent native vegetation study plots in the Western United States. They are located on Horseshoe Flats of the Wasatch Plateau in Central Utah.