This paper presents information concerning the bionomics of Culex tarsalis Coquillett in Utah County. Observations indicate that rock piles and talus slides are typical hibernation sites. The spring emergence from hibernation occurred between 28 March and 7 April 1959. Larvae breed in a great variety of habitats, including street-gutters, animal tracks, marshes and waste water from irrigation systems. The peak population density for both larvae and adults occurred during the first week in August. Charts, graphs, drawings and photographs are used in the presentation of data.

This section is a statement on the reason behind my conducting archeological excavations in West Canyon. In light of the large collections which had come out of the area, it was deemed important to excavate before any further destruction of sites in the canyon took place in order to establish, if possible, the cultural affiliations of the prehistoric inhabitants of that area. It was felt before excavation began that there was enough evidence already on hand to suggest Fremont culture affiliation, but this was not sufficient to demonstrate the same with confident conclusiveness. A second goal was to obtain a knowledge of the structural design used by the inhabitants of West Canyon insofar as it could be determined by excavation. A third aim was to locate evidence of agricultural activity in a demonstrable form. As previously mentioned Mr. Hutchings had some charred corn cobs in his display case which reportedly came from West Canyon, but these are not displayed or visibly recorded in association with other specific features of a specifically designated site as they appear in the display, so that the associations remain in question. A fourth project was a survey of the area to determine the extent of occupation and as well as the kinds of occupation, whether they were sedentary groups with definite evidences of sedentary constructions and activities, or nomadic groups whose habitation of the area was transitory. An extension of this same problem was a determination of the overall economic activity if possible, of either kind of group. As suggested in the introduction, I believe the previous archeological work that has been conducted in the canyon has not been sufficient to date. Therefore it was my goal to complete a general research in what must be considered a previously untested area. It is unfortunate that with so much activity of this kind in West Canyon, I must use the term "untested area".

Thesis (M.A.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Anthropology and Archaeology. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 148-153).

Peach production in utah County is an important farm enterprise. In 1944, 342,525 bushels were produced, valued at $685,050. This was 5.5 percent of the total value of all agricultural products sold or used in the home for the year 1944. In value and acreage the peach crop leads all other fruit crops produced in Utah County. Utah County is the most important peach producing area in the state. It contained 28 percent of the total farms reporting peach orchards, 44.7 percent of all peach trees and 40.6 percent of the number of bushels harvested in the state for the year 1944. In 1938 the varieties of peach trees in utah County in order of tree number were as follows: Elberta first, J. H. Hale second and Early Elberta third. Varieties of lesser importance included Late Crawford, Heath Cling, Rochester, Greensboro and others. The peach is a perishable farm commodity, and must be marketed within a short period of time. Canning factories provide a market for a small portion of the crop, but the major part must be marketed as fresh fruit through peddling from door to door, through the fruit and vegetable department of the grooery stores, through selling at roadside stands usually operated by the producer, or through out-of-state shipments usually handled by producers' marketing associations or produce brokers operating in the area. Utah peaches in out-of-state trade go into Idaho, California, Arizona, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Missouri, and Iowa. In some years a few peaches get into markets in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Illinois. Utah peaches are competing on these markets with peaches from central and northern California, Colorado, Idaho, Arkansas, Illinois, and Indiana. On the local markets utah peaches find competition with peaches from Idaho, California, and Colorado. With this competition of peaches for markets, it is very necessary that producers keep fully abreast with all new methods and practices and be able to tell where their business can be made more efficient and profitable.

Since 1905 when Professor Henry C. Taylor opened the area of economies of scale for discussion with his observations on the variables affecting farm size, agricultural economists have been concerned with scale of plant in agriculture. Considerable study and discussion have not resolved many of the questions raised in this area, but a basic framework has been constructed which can be used as a planning tool in the efficient organization and operation of plants of various sizes under given conditions.

This thesis is an inquiry into the problem of labor mobility in Utah County, Utah. Utah County has been designated as an area of substantial unemployment by the federal government. This thesis suggests one means to lessen this unemployment is through better mobility of the work force in Utah County.

This study was initiated to investigate the distribution patterns of two species of pocket gophers, Thomomys umbrinus albicaudatus Hall and T. talpoides wasatchensis Durrant whose ranges come together in the Hobble Creek area, Utah. The effect of certain ecological factors upon their distribution was determined. The ecological factors included: vegetation and land use, soil, moisture and exposure, hybridization and interspecific competition. From morphological examination no interbreeding was detected even though the breeding seasons of the two species correspond. A limited area was found where the ranges of the two species are in contact. A lack of available moisture was determined to be a major factor inhibiting the distribution or talpoides in non-irrigated soils. Umbrinus is very versatile toward moisture and does not appear to be affected. Both species show a preference for sandy or gravelly-loam soils. Interspecific competition apparently inhibits the distribution of both species where the ranges come together. It is supposed that where only one species occurs that ranges will continue to be extended with talpoides being limited to the more moist areas. The other ecological factors are of no apparent significance to the distribution of either species except as they relate to the amount of available moisture.

The purpose of this study was to determine the species of fleas infesting the mammals of the families Cricetidae and Muridae in Utah County. This was accomplished by establishing twelve collecting stations throughout the county from which 198 mammals were collected. From these hosts, 392 fleas were collected representing three families, nineteen genera , and twenty-four species. Four species are new to the State of Utah and twenty-two species are recorded from Utah County for the first time.

The need for a technician training program in Ornamental Horticulture was studied in Davis, Salt Lake and Utah counties utilizing interviews and mailed survey instruments. The greatest job increase during the next five years is anticipated for nursery workers, landscape helpers and greenhouse workers. The smallest anticipated increase is for florists, floor foreman and nursery technicians. Skills requiring the highest degree of competency for workers in ornamental horticulture, according to employers, are retail salesmanship, plant identification and disease and insect control. Courses receiving the highest rating in an ornamental horticulture technician curriculum, as given by owners and managers and by educators, were botany, ornamental deciduous woody plants, soils and fertilizers, gardening techniques, and plant propagation. Courses receiving the lowest rating were three months or more on-the-job training, professional ethics and law, and economic entomology.

Archaeobotanical evidences for the presence of wild plants at Fremont archaeological sites are numerous. However, little can be positively argued for why those plants are present, if they were used by site inhabitants, and how they were used. Additionally, there are likely several wild plants that were used but that do not appear in the archaeobotanical record as pollen or macrobotanicals, the two most commonly identified plant remains. I argue that it is possible to provide better interpretations for how and why the Fremont used plants by researching how their historic counterparts, the Goshute, Shoshone, Ute, and Southern Paiute, used the same plants that are identified at prehistoric sites. I further argue that a phytolith typology for Fremont archaeology can provide more insight into prehistoric plant use. I demonstrate its utility through a phytolith analysis of ground stone tools from Wolf Village, a Fremont site in Utah County.