Purpose of Study. The ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus torquatus Gmelin) is well enough known to need no introduction. It is at present undoubtedly the most abundant and most important gallinaceous game bird in northern Utah. Its abundance and its occurrence in agricultural areas has stimulated much general interest. Yet, aside from two food habits studies, both conducted in Utah County, no intensive research has been made into its ecological relationships or its general life history in Utah. In order to formulate sound management plans for the pheasant in Utah, the Utah Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit has felt the need for basic information regarding its mortality phases, movements, food habits, habitat preferences, interspecific relationships, and its effect on cultivated crops and the effect of farm practices upon its numbers and distributions.

This study compares insect and cattle consumption of crested wheatgrass (Agropycon spp.) on a site in Sterling Ranch, Utah County, Utah. The hypothesis tested is that insect consumption in general, and specifically consumption by Labops hesperius Uhler, significantly reduces total available cattle forage. Labops and grasshoppers were probably the major cause of secondary damage at the study site, while the impact of thrips is unknown. A detrimental impact on range was suggested by the data, as insects consumed forage equivalent to 2.8 animal units per month, while cattle consumed forage equivalent to 2.1 animal units per month at the study site. Based on a grazing fee of $1.60 per animal unit per month, this represents a loss of $3.50 per acre. Although a low level Labops population was present at the time of the study, potential exists for this population to reach higher level s that would cause much higher levels of damage. Crested wheatgrass, the major vegetation at the study site, is capable of resuming growth in the fall if there is sufficient moisture. Because there is only one generation of Labops per year, fall herbage production would not suffer Labops damage, but may suffer damage by other insects that are present in the fall.

The purpose of this study was to show how hiring standards of evidence for graphic designers in Utah County compared with the national standards of evidence. The four major national standards of evidence for hiring graphic designers, identified by American Institute of Graphic Arts (AIGA) and Goldfarb, in order of importance are portfolio, recommendations, personality, and education. The data from this study revealed that Utah County employer's standards of evidence matched up closely to national standards of evidence, but the order of importance was slightly different because personality was ranked ahead of recommendations and education.

The exploration of Utah Valley and the history of Fort Utah is the story of the conquest and colonization of the American frontier. Discovered in the days of Western expansion, the Valley was identified with the principal factors in the development of the Intermountain West. It heard the chant of the gray robed Franciscan priests, became a favorite haunt of the trail blazing fur trapper and trader, was the site of the ancient rendezvous of the Indian, saw the gold seekers trudge wearily on to California, and with the founding of Fort Utah served as the springboard of Southern Utah Mormon colonization. Today this Fort is the foundation of the modern and beautiful city of Provo, Utah.During its heyday, Fort Utah was identified with the redman as well as the white; it was the guardian and outpost to the south of Salt Lake of Brigham Young's colonization plan; it was the scene of extensive bartering with the Indian; it was the setting of major peace councils, and it was a base of military operations in protecting those courageous Mormon pioneers as they built an empire from the heart of the American desert.In narrating the story of the exploration of this Valley and the establishment of this pioneer outpost, it is intended not to portray an isolated fragment of history, although the main setting will be centered here, but to build another link in the development and colonization of the Intermountain West, one of America's last frontiers.

This thesis is a field report on the archaeological sites surveyed by the author in Goshen Valley, Utah County, Utah. The survey has the threefold objectives of: (1) surveying and recording of sites in Goshen Valley; (2) providing information on the material culture of the ancient inhabitants of the valley; and (3) discovering whether there was a dividing line during the Fremont occupation between the Provo and Sevier regions as outlined by Jones (1961), Green (1964), and Ambler (1966).To this end, seventy-four sites are described along with the related material culture with an analysis of the material culture in the appropriate sections of the thesis. Cultural material has been catagorized into three main affiliations: Fremont, Shoshoni, and Unknown. A cultural sequence of food collecting followed by farming followed by food collecting was evidence in the material remains of the valley.The remainder of the thesis deals with theoretical developments and the relationships of the Fremont farming sites in the valley to the overall Fremont Culture. The information obtained from the survey and analysis of the material culture of the Fremont sites lends support to the Jones-Green-Ambler hypothesis that there was a division between the Provo and the Sevier sub-areas on the basis of trait distributions.

Utah County has the second largest county population in the State of Utah and ranks 16th out of 29 in total land area. Over 90% of the County's quarter of a million residents live in the area known as Utah Valley, a relatively narrow strip of land situated between the Wasatch Mountains and Utah Lake. In addition to a large population, most of which was realized during the 1970s, Utah Valley also contains the bulk of the County's important agricultural land. Not surprisingly, the expanding population in Utah Valley has created competition between agricultural and urban uses for limited land area. What is surprising, however, is the extensive amount of relatively undisturbed agricultural land in Utah County that, in spite of rapid urban growth, remains in close proximity to adjacent municipalities.Most of the urban and suburban growth in Utah County has located within the boundaries of existing cities, with little corresponding growth taking place in adjacent unincorporated areas. Research reveals that, of the four most urban counties in the State, Utah County has more fully retained the nuclear pattern of settlement established by the Mormon pioneers who settled the region. Compared with all of the counties in the State, Utah County has the second lowest percent of population living in unincorporated areas. In fact, the unincorporated population in Utah County has actually declined since 1950, in spite of only a normal amount of land falling under city annexations and incorporations.These peculiar characteristics have developed in Utah County as a result of deliberately chosen County-level planning policies designed to protect "greenbelt" land and discourage residential expansion into unincorporated zones.

Utah County, Utah, and more particularly the Utah Valley area, has undergone an enormous change during the last forty years. Rapid growth and urbanization brings with it the problems of urban sprawl. Controlling this sprawl is determined often times by an effective growth policy. Mapping and analyzing growth patterns and trends is a useful method in determining the effectiveness of the "growth towards the cities" policy of Utah County. Research was conducted by using maps, air photos, and field work in locating the growth history of the county.Growth has been influenced by several factors among which are the physical, climatic, and economic make up of the county. It has also been influenced by policies directed to control the growth, not necessarily as to numbers but as to location. These policies have been successful in locating the majority of the increasing urbanization within the cities where services can be provided more economically. Since the county and the cities can grow only where water is available, the major factor in the location of future growth will be the location of water.

This study identified and analyzed the influence the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints had on the decision of 309 respondents to exercise. The data obtained from the questionaires were analyzed using chi-square to compare males and females. Within the limitations of this study, the following conclusions were justified: women were more influenced by the LDS Church to exercise than men; LDS males and females exercised more than average American adults; walking, jogging, and aerobic dance were the most popular choices of LDS exercisers; and, there is a need to improve the awareness of LDS members concerning the Physical Fitness Awards Program.

During the spring seasons of 1967 and 1968 ecological studies were made of nesting Ferruginou.s Hawks (Buteo regalis) in a 325 square mile area in west-central Utah. In the springs of 1967 and 1968 a systematic search was conducted throughout the study area for Ferruginous Hawk nests. When active nests were located they were kept under observation throughout the study. The density of nesting pairs in 1967 and 1968 ranged from 7 to 15.4 square miles per pair. An annual seasonal displacement was exhibited, with Ferruginous Hawks being present in the study area only during the nesting season, which lasted from early March until early September. Nest locations implied a preference to inhabit particular areas. The distance separating neighbors in 1967 and 1968 varied from 2.3 miles to .4 miles. More than ninety percent of the pairs observed attended more than one nest; such supernumerary nests averaged 2.5 per pair. The majority of nests were constructed on the ground. More than half of the nests faced south; only about one-tenth faced north. The typical nest was composed of large sticks, lined with bark , grass, and paper, and had an average diameter of 39 inches, a thickness of 17 inches, a pocket diameter of 14 inches, and a pocket depth of 3 inches. Both members of each pair of hawks were active in nest building, which began in early March. In 1967 thirteen nests produced 20 eggs (1.5 eggs per nest) and 8 young (.67 percent), of which 8 (100 percent) fledged (.67 per nest); in 1968 fourteen nests produced 50 eggs (3.57 eggs per nest) and 33 young (2.36 per nest), of which 28 (85 percent) fledged (2 per nest). Territorial behavior was inconsistent. On occasion each nesting pair was seen to actively defend its territory against other predatory birds; whereas on other occasions intruding raptors met no resistance from the resident pair of Ferruginous Hawks. From 26 eyries, 283 prey individuals were identified. Mammals (92 percent) predominated. The Ord's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys ordii) was the most numerous prey species (44 percent), with the Blacktail Jackrabbit (Lepus californicus) being the next most common (30 percent). Birds represented 5 percent of the total prey. Several hunting techniques were exhibited by the hawks. Hunting was usually conducted before sunrise and after sunset each day. Recorded mortality was minimal, with only one dead Ferruginous Hawk observed during the study.

This study is an attempt to bring together such available material , heretofore not collected, into a single compilation pertaining to the plant associations of Utah and Salt Lake Valleys. An endeavor is made to build a picture of the vegetation as it was before the pioneers entered these valleys as compared with what it is today. The material compiled here is the result of searching through all available sources such as government reports of geological explorations, private diaries of explorers and pioneers , contemporary magazines, books and newspapers .