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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

An inaugural essay on uterine hæmorrhage

Brown, William, January 1801 (has links)
Thesis (M.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1801. / Microform version available in the Readex Early American Imprints series.
2

Measuring nurses' accuracy of estimating blood loss

Higgins, Patricia Grant January 1980 (has links)
No description available.
3

Randomized comparison of oral misoprostol and oxytocin in the third stage of labour /

Bajzak, Krisztina, January 1999 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2000. / Restricted until November 2001. Bibliography: leaves 51-55.
4

Misoprostol for prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage : a systematic review

Olefile, Kabelo Monicah 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MCur)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analogue with its uterotonic properties has entered as an integral part of management of the third stage of labour, helping to prevent postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). Objective: To assess evidence on the effectiveness of misoprostol compared to a placebo for the prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage. Methods: Databases searched included; MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Other sources were also searched. All articles were screened for methodological quality by two reviewers independently by standardized instrument. Data was entered in Review Manger 5.1 software for analysis. Results: Three Misoprostol studies were included (2346 participants), Oral (2 trials) and sublingual (1 trial). Misoprostol has shown not to be effective in reducing PPH (RR 0.65: 95% CI 0.40-1.06). Only one trial reported on need for blood transfusion (RR 0.14; 95% CI 0.02-1.15). Misoprostol use is associated with significant increases in shivering (RR 2.75; 95% CI 2.26-3.34) and pyrexia (RR 5.34; 95% CI 2.86-9.96) than with placebo. No maternal deaths were reported in included trials. Compared to placebo, misoprostol was coupled with less hysterectomies and additional used of uterotonics (RR 0.45; 95%CI 0.21-0.96) compared to placebo. Conclusion: Results of this review shows that the use of misoprostol in combination with some components of active management was not associated with any significant reduction in incidence of PPH. However oral administration showed a significant reduction in incidence of PPH. For its use for treatment of postpartum haemorrhage, there is a need for research focus in optimal dose and route of administration for a clinically significant effect and acceptable side effects. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond: Misoprostol, 'n prostaglandien E1 analoog met sy uterotonic eienskappe het ingeskryf as' n integrale deel van die bestuur van die derde stadium van kraam, help postpartum bloeding (PPH) te voorkom. Doelwit: Om bewyse oor die effektiwiteit van Misoprostol in vergelyking met 'n placebo vir die voorkoming en behandeling van postpartum bloeding te evalueer. Metodes: Databases gesoek ingesluit, Medline, CINHAL, Google Scholar en Cochrane Sentrale Register van gecontroleerde studies (Sentraal). Ander bronne is ook deursoek. Alle artikels is gekeur vir die metodologiese kwaliteit deur twee beoordelaars onafhanklik deur die gestandaardiseerde instrument. Data is opgeneem in Review Manger 5.1 sagteware vir ontleding. Hoof Resultate: Drie Misoprostol studies were ingesluit (2346 deelnemers). Mondeling (2 proe) en sublinguale (1 verhoor). Misoprostol het getoon nie doeltreffend te wees in die vermindering van PPH (RR 0,65: 95% CI 0,40-1,06). Slegs een verhoor berig oor die noodsaaklikheid vir 'n bloedoortapping (RR 0,14, 95% CI 0,02-1,15). Misoprostol gebruik word geassosieer met 'n aansienlike toename in bewing (RR 2,75, 95% CI 2,26- 3,34) en koors (RR 5,34, 95% CI 2,86-9,96) as met' n placebo. Geen moederlike sterftes is aangemeld in proewe. In vergelyking met placebo, was Misoprostol tesame met minder hysterectomies en addisionele gebruik van uterotonics (RR 0,45, 95% CI,21-,96) in vergelyking met placebo. Gevolgtrekking: Resultate van hierdie studie toon dat die gebruik van Misoprostol in kombinasie met 'n paar komponente van aktiewe bestuur is wat nie verband hou met' n beduidende afname in die voorkoms van PPH. Vir die gebruik vir die behandeling van postpartum bloeding, daar is 'n behoefte vir navorsing fokus in die optimale dosis en die roete van administrasie vir' n klinies beduidende uitwerking en aanvaarbare neweeffekte.
5

Ablação endometrial com ácido tricloroacético em ratas: estudo histomorfométrico e histológico / Endometrial ablation using trichloroacetic acid in rat model: histomorphometric and histologic evaluation

Cocuzza, Mariana Amora 15 March 2011 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: O Sangramento Uterino Disfuncional (SUD) é uma das causas mais prevalentes de sangramento uterino, estando relacionado a variações hormonais, independente de causas orgânicas. A ablação endometrial é uma das opções terapêuticas, porém está associada à necessidade de treinamento específico e apresenta alto custo. Este estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver modelo de ablação endometrial em ratas adultas. Além disso, avaliar os efeitos histológicos e histomorfométricos causados pelo ácido tricloroacético no útero desses animais, bem como a regeneração endometrial e o retorno do ciclo estral. MÉTODOS: 30 ratas fêmeas adultas foram divididas em dois grupos. Todos os animais foram submetidos à injeção intra-uterina de SF 0,9% em um corno uterino e de ácido tricloroacético (ATA) no corno contralateral. O primeiro grupo, constituído de 15 ratas, foi sacrificado após 1 dia da injeção e tiveram os úteros removidos (Grupo 1). O segundo grupo, constituído de 15 ratas, foi sacrificado após voltar a apresentar um ciclo estral normal, quando foram submetidos à coleta de esfregaços vaginais e eutanasiados em fase de diestro, o que ocorreu cerca de 20 a 30 dias após o procedimento (Grupo 2). As espessuras do epitélio superficial e do estroma endometrial, o número de glândulas endometriais por campo e a espessura miometrial foram comparadas entre os cornos uterinos de cada animal do Grupo 1. As mesmas comparações foram realizadas entre os cornos dos animais do Grupo 2. Por fim, foi avaliada a regeneração endometrial nos Grupos 1 e 2. RESULTADOS: Todos os animais apresentaram recuperação satisfatória do procedimento, não havendo sinais de toxicidade aguda associada ao uso de ATA. No grupo 1, as medianas da espessura do epitélio superficial do endométrio (ATA 0mm vs. Controle 0,05mm,p=0,0001), da espessura do estroma endometrial (ATA 0,325mm vs. Controle 0,525mm, p=0,0006), do número de glândulas (ATA 4,5 vs. Controle 6,5, p=0,0012) e da espessura miometrial (ATA 0,25mm vs. Controle 0,35mm, p=0,009) foram significativamente inferior no corno que recebeu a injeção de ATA. No Grupo 2, quatro animais (27%) morreram na segunda semana após o procedimento e, em seis animais (40%), o material obtido não pode ser avaliado devido à intensa destruição tecidual. Nos cinco animais restantes (33%) a mediana da espessura do epitélio superficial do endométrio (ATA 0,0mm vs. Controle 0,05mm, p<0,004), da espessura do estroma endometrial (ATA 0,325mm vs. Controle 0,725mm, p=0,011), do número de glândulas (ATA 3 vs. Controle 6,5, p=0,011) e da espessura miometrial (ATA 0,35mm vs. Controle 0,5mm, p=0,024), foram significativamente inferior no corno submetido à injeção de ATA. Quanto à mediana da espessura do epitélio superficial do endométrio (Grupo 1 0mm vs. Grupo 2 0mm, p=1) e à mediana da espessura do estroma endometrial (Grupo 1 0,325mm vs. Grupo 2 0,325mm, p=0,857), não houve diferenças significantes entre os cornos uterinos submetidos à injeção de ATA. A mediana do número de glândulas após a injeção de ATA foi superior no Grupo 1 em comparação ao Grupo 2 (p=0,003). CONCLUSÃO: O estudo permitiu o desenvolvimento de um modelo experimental viável de ablação de endométrio em ratas adultas. As alterações histológicas e histomorfométricas encontradas nos cornos uterinos mostraram que o ácido tricloroacético é um potente agente na destruição química endometrial. Não houve regeneração endometrial após retorno ao ciclo estral. / INTRODUCTION: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is one of the most prevalent causes of uterine bleeding and it is related to hormonal variations without organic causes. Endometrial ablation is a therapeutic option but the methods are frequently expensive and dependent of high cost technologies. The objective of the present study is to develop an animal model of endometrial ablation in adults female rats. In addition, to evaluated the histological and histomorphometric effects after trichloroacetic acid (TCA) exposure into uterine cavity. METHODS: A total of thirty female adult rats were divided in two groups of 15 rats each. All animals were submitted to injection of 0,3 ml of TCA 90% in one uterine horn and the same amount of saline solution 0,9% (control) in the other. Group 1 was sacrificed in the following day of the procedure, whereas group 2 was sacrificed in phase of diestrous after recovery of normal estral cycle identified by vaginal smears, approximately 20 to 30 days after the procedure. Superficial epithelia of the endometrium, estromal thickness, number of endometrial glands as well as of myometrium thickness were assessed and compared between the uterine horns of the same rats of group 1. The same evaluation was performed in group 2. Also, endometrial regeneration was evaluated comparing histological alterations in the uterine horn that was injected with TCA in group 1 and 2. RESULTS: All animals recovered satisfactorily from the procedure. In group 1, superficial epithelia of the endometrium (TCA 0,0mm vs 0,05 mm control, p=0,0001), estromal thickness (TCA 0,325mm vs 0,525 mm Control, p=0,009), number of endometrial glands (TCA 4,5mm vs 6,5 mm control, p=0,001) and mean myometrial thickness (TCA 0,25mm vs 0,35 mm Control, p=0,0006) presented a significant difference between the horns showing endometrial destruction on TCA uterine horn. In group 2, four rats (27%) died in the second week after the initial procedure and six rats (40%) had no viable material to be analyzed due to extent tissue destruction. The rest of the group (33%) showed a mean superficial epithelia of the endometrium (TCA 0,0mm vs 0.05 mm control, p<0,004), mean estromal thickness (TCA 0,325mm vs 0,725 mm Control, p=0,011), mean number of endometrial glands (TCA 3 vs 6,5 control, p=0,011) and mean myometrial thickness (TCA 0,35mm vs 0.5 mm Control, p=0,024) significant different between horns showing endometrial destruction on TCA uterine horn. There was no significant difference in the mean superficial epithelia of the endometrium (group 1 0mm vs. group 2 0mm, p=1) and mean estromal thickness (group 1 0,325mm vs. group 2 0,325mm, p=0,857) between TCA uterine horn from both groups. However, number of endometrial glands (4,5mm in group 1 vs 3 mm in group 2, p=0,003) was higher in group 1. CONCLUSION: The study developed a valid model for endometrial ablation in adult females rats. The histological and histomorphometric effects observed in the uterine horns showed that the trichloroacetic acid is a potent agent for endometrial ablation in rat model. In the current model no endometrial regeneration was observed after recovery of normal estral cycle.
6

Ablação endometrial com ácido tricloroacético em ratas: estudo histomorfométrico e histológico / Endometrial ablation using trichloroacetic acid in rat model: histomorphometric and histologic evaluation

Mariana Amora Cocuzza 15 March 2011 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: O Sangramento Uterino Disfuncional (SUD) é uma das causas mais prevalentes de sangramento uterino, estando relacionado a variações hormonais, independente de causas orgânicas. A ablação endometrial é uma das opções terapêuticas, porém está associada à necessidade de treinamento específico e apresenta alto custo. Este estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver modelo de ablação endometrial em ratas adultas. Além disso, avaliar os efeitos histológicos e histomorfométricos causados pelo ácido tricloroacético no útero desses animais, bem como a regeneração endometrial e o retorno do ciclo estral. MÉTODOS: 30 ratas fêmeas adultas foram divididas em dois grupos. Todos os animais foram submetidos à injeção intra-uterina de SF 0,9% em um corno uterino e de ácido tricloroacético (ATA) no corno contralateral. O primeiro grupo, constituído de 15 ratas, foi sacrificado após 1 dia da injeção e tiveram os úteros removidos (Grupo 1). O segundo grupo, constituído de 15 ratas, foi sacrificado após voltar a apresentar um ciclo estral normal, quando foram submetidos à coleta de esfregaços vaginais e eutanasiados em fase de diestro, o que ocorreu cerca de 20 a 30 dias após o procedimento (Grupo 2). As espessuras do epitélio superficial e do estroma endometrial, o número de glândulas endometriais por campo e a espessura miometrial foram comparadas entre os cornos uterinos de cada animal do Grupo 1. As mesmas comparações foram realizadas entre os cornos dos animais do Grupo 2. Por fim, foi avaliada a regeneração endometrial nos Grupos 1 e 2. RESULTADOS: Todos os animais apresentaram recuperação satisfatória do procedimento, não havendo sinais de toxicidade aguda associada ao uso de ATA. No grupo 1, as medianas da espessura do epitélio superficial do endométrio (ATA 0mm vs. Controle 0,05mm,p=0,0001), da espessura do estroma endometrial (ATA 0,325mm vs. Controle 0,525mm, p=0,0006), do número de glândulas (ATA 4,5 vs. Controle 6,5, p=0,0012) e da espessura miometrial (ATA 0,25mm vs. Controle 0,35mm, p=0,009) foram significativamente inferior no corno que recebeu a injeção de ATA. No Grupo 2, quatro animais (27%) morreram na segunda semana após o procedimento e, em seis animais (40%), o material obtido não pode ser avaliado devido à intensa destruição tecidual. Nos cinco animais restantes (33%) a mediana da espessura do epitélio superficial do endométrio (ATA 0,0mm vs. Controle 0,05mm, p<0,004), da espessura do estroma endometrial (ATA 0,325mm vs. Controle 0,725mm, p=0,011), do número de glândulas (ATA 3 vs. Controle 6,5, p=0,011) e da espessura miometrial (ATA 0,35mm vs. Controle 0,5mm, p=0,024), foram significativamente inferior no corno submetido à injeção de ATA. Quanto à mediana da espessura do epitélio superficial do endométrio (Grupo 1 0mm vs. Grupo 2 0mm, p=1) e à mediana da espessura do estroma endometrial (Grupo 1 0,325mm vs. Grupo 2 0,325mm, p=0,857), não houve diferenças significantes entre os cornos uterinos submetidos à injeção de ATA. A mediana do número de glândulas após a injeção de ATA foi superior no Grupo 1 em comparação ao Grupo 2 (p=0,003). CONCLUSÃO: O estudo permitiu o desenvolvimento de um modelo experimental viável de ablação de endométrio em ratas adultas. As alterações histológicas e histomorfométricas encontradas nos cornos uterinos mostraram que o ácido tricloroacético é um potente agente na destruição química endometrial. Não houve regeneração endometrial após retorno ao ciclo estral. / INTRODUCTION: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is one of the most prevalent causes of uterine bleeding and it is related to hormonal variations without organic causes. Endometrial ablation is a therapeutic option but the methods are frequently expensive and dependent of high cost technologies. The objective of the present study is to develop an animal model of endometrial ablation in adults female rats. In addition, to evaluated the histological and histomorphometric effects after trichloroacetic acid (TCA) exposure into uterine cavity. METHODS: A total of thirty female adult rats were divided in two groups of 15 rats each. All animals were submitted to injection of 0,3 ml of TCA 90% in one uterine horn and the same amount of saline solution 0,9% (control) in the other. Group 1 was sacrificed in the following day of the procedure, whereas group 2 was sacrificed in phase of diestrous after recovery of normal estral cycle identified by vaginal smears, approximately 20 to 30 days after the procedure. Superficial epithelia of the endometrium, estromal thickness, number of endometrial glands as well as of myometrium thickness were assessed and compared between the uterine horns of the same rats of group 1. The same evaluation was performed in group 2. Also, endometrial regeneration was evaluated comparing histological alterations in the uterine horn that was injected with TCA in group 1 and 2. RESULTS: All animals recovered satisfactorily from the procedure. In group 1, superficial epithelia of the endometrium (TCA 0,0mm vs 0,05 mm control, p=0,0001), estromal thickness (TCA 0,325mm vs 0,525 mm Control, p=0,009), number of endometrial glands (TCA 4,5mm vs 6,5 mm control, p=0,001) and mean myometrial thickness (TCA 0,25mm vs 0,35 mm Control, p=0,0006) presented a significant difference between the horns showing endometrial destruction on TCA uterine horn. In group 2, four rats (27%) died in the second week after the initial procedure and six rats (40%) had no viable material to be analyzed due to extent tissue destruction. The rest of the group (33%) showed a mean superficial epithelia of the endometrium (TCA 0,0mm vs 0.05 mm control, p<0,004), mean estromal thickness (TCA 0,325mm vs 0,725 mm Control, p=0,011), mean number of endometrial glands (TCA 3 vs 6,5 control, p=0,011) and mean myometrial thickness (TCA 0,35mm vs 0.5 mm Control, p=0,024) significant different between horns showing endometrial destruction on TCA uterine horn. There was no significant difference in the mean superficial epithelia of the endometrium (group 1 0mm vs. group 2 0mm, p=1) and mean estromal thickness (group 1 0,325mm vs. group 2 0,325mm, p=0,857) between TCA uterine horn from both groups. However, number of endometrial glands (4,5mm in group 1 vs 3 mm in group 2, p=0,003) was higher in group 1. CONCLUSION: The study developed a valid model for endometrial ablation in adult females rats. The histological and histomorphometric effects observed in the uterine horns showed that the trichloroacetic acid is a potent agent for endometrial ablation in rat model. In the current model no endometrial regeneration was observed after recovery of normal estral cycle.

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