Spelling suggestions: "subject:"utilities rates"" "subject:"tilities rates""
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Strategic Genco offers in electric energy markets cleared by merit orderHasan, Ebrahim A. Rahman. January 2008 (has links)
No description available.
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A comparison of pay-as-bid and marginal pricing in electricity markets /Ren, Yongjun, 1970- January 2008 (has links)
No description available.
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St[r]ategic offers in an oligopolistic electricity market under pay-as-bid pricingGanjbakhsh, Omid. January 2008 (has links)
No description available.
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Analysis and design of microprocessor-controlled peak-power-tracking systemHuynh, Phuong 06 October 2009 (has links)
Analyses and designs of a peak-power tracking system using microprocessor control are performed. Large-signal stability of the system for various modes of operation is analyzed to predict system dynamics. The stability analysis is supported mainly by qualitative graphical representations of different component blocks of the system. Small-signal stability analysis around the equilibrium points is done to assure proper performance and operation of this particular peak-power tracking system. Specific design details and procedures are discussed, and predictions from the analyses are verified through hardware. / Master of Science
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Pricing and Risk Management in Competitive Electricity MarketsXia, Zhendong 22 November 2005 (has links)
Electricity prices in competitive markets are extremely volatile with salient features such as mean-reversion and jumps and spikes. Modeling electricity spot prices is essential for asset and project valuation as well as risk management. I introduce the mean-reversion feature into a classical variance gamma model to model the electricity price dynamics as a mean-reverting variance gamma (MRVG) process. Derivative pricing formulae are derived through transform analysis and model parameters are estimated by the generalized method of moments and the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method.
A real option approach is proposed to value a tolling contract incorporating operational characteristics of the generation asset and contractual constraints. Two simulation-based methods are proposed to solve the valuation problem. The effects of different electricity price assumptions on the valuation of tolling contracts are examined. Based on the valuation model, I also propose a heuristic scheme for hedging tolling contracts and demonstrate the validity of the hedging scheme through numerical examples.
Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH) and Generalized ARCH (GARCH) models are widely used to model price volatility in financial markets. Considering a GARCH model with heavy-tailed innovations for electricity price, I characterize the limiting distribution of a Value-at-Risk (VaR) estimator of the conditional electricity price distribution, which corresponds to the extremal quantile of the conditional distribution of the GARCH price process. I propose two methods, the normal approximation method and the data tilting method, for constructing confidence intervals for the conditional VaR estimator and assess their accuracies by simulation studies. The proposed approach is applied to electricity spot price data taken from the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland market to obtain confidence intervals of the empirically estimated Value-at-Risk of electricity prices.
Several directions that deserve further investigation are pointed out for future research.
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Acid rain provisions of the 1990 clean air amendments: affects on residential electric customersSinger, Susan Sullivan 19 September 2009 (has links)
This thesis attempts to explain to what degree residential electricity prices will increase due to compliance with the sulfur dioxide provisions of the 1990 Clean Air Amendments. The Amendments were passed with widely varying estimates of the costs to the final consumer. These estimates ranged from 3 percent to 30 percent.
Models were developed based on the regulatory rate structure of investor-owned utilities in the United States. The utilities were grouped by their historical selection of fuels and pollution control equipment and Chow tests were performed to identify if structural differences exist between these groups. A single equation was then derived that separated variables that created the structural difference. Regressions were then run to test the historical relationship between the electric utilities’ costs and residential bills. Next forecasts were run using the regression model above corrected for heteroskedasticity and serial correlation and compared with three estimates of increases in electric bills made before the Bill was passed. / Master of Arts
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Rationalisation of electricity pricing in South Africa's electricity distribution industryMakawa-Mbewe, Patrick 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African Electricity Distribution Industry is riddled with tariffs.
Every utility in South Africa probably uses some method for allocating
cost, whether it is theoretically founded or not. There are currently over
2000 different tariffs in South Africa and the need for rationalisation has
been widely recognised and acknowledged. Many of these tariffs have not
been the outflow of accepted methodologies but rather a function of
individual utility policy and practices.
There is however a dire need to standardise such methodologies in the
future. A standardised methodology might be the only way to eventually
rationalise the thousands of tariffs that exist in the electricity industry.
Government has emphasised the importance of tariffs to be cost reflective
in the future. The only possible way to reach this objective would be to
determine clear and concise methods of allocating cost that can be
utilised by the entire industry.
This study project describes a standardised methodology for determining
the cost to supply different customer categories in an electricity
distributor. The methodology offers enough flexibility not to bind any
party into laboursome, complex and time consuming costing activities. It
does however require that the costs of a distributor are carefully investigated and all functions performed in the utility are isolated. This is
referred to as ringfencing of costs. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse Elektrisiteitverspreidingsbedryf het veelvuldige
tariewe. Elke utiliteit in Suid-Afrika gebruik waarskynlik 'n metode vir
kostetoedeling, wat nie noodwendig teoreties gebaseer is nie. Huidiglik is
daar meer as 2000 verskillende tariewe in Suid-Afrika en dit word alom
besef en erken dat gronde vir rasionalisering bestaan. Baie van die
tariewe het nie ontstaan uit die gebruik van aanvaarbare
berekeningsmetodes nie, maar was eerder die gevolg van individuele
beleid en praktyke van utiliteite.
Daar is 'n dringende behoefte om hierdie berekeningsmetodes in die
toekoms te standardiseer. 'n Standaard metode mag die enigste manier
wees om uiteindelik die duisende tariewe wat in die elektrisiteitsbedryf
bestaan te rasionaliseer.
Die regering het die belangrikheid dat tariewe in die toekoms koste
reflekterend moet wees benadruk. Die enigste moontlike manier om
hierdie doelwit te bereik, is om helder en duidelike metodes vir koste
toedeling te bepaal vir gebruik deur die hele bedryf.
Hierdie verhandeling beskryf 'n standaard metodologie om die koste te
bepaal om verskillende klantegroepe in 'n elektrisiteitsverspreider van
krag te voorsien. Die metodologie bied voldoende plooibaarheid om geen
party aan arbeidintensiewe, kompleks en tydrowende kostebepalings te verbind nie. Dit vereis egter dat die koste van 'n verspreider noukeurig
ondersoek word en dat alle funksies wat verrig word uitgelig word.
Hierna word verwys as afbakening van kostes.
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The tariff system of a local electric power utility: its contribution to the company's performance in a changing environment.January 1991 (has links)
by Mak Chai-ming. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991. / Bibliography: leaves 58-59. / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS --- p.v / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.vi / Chapter / Chapter I --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- THE POWER INDUSTRY AND ITS PRODUCT --- p.3 / The Characteristics of Electricity --- p.3 / Power Industry of Hong Kong --- p.4 / The Product Profile of Electricity --- p.5 / Load Factor --- p.6 / Load Factor and Cost --- p.7 / Chapter III. --- BUSINESS CHALLENGES IN THE POST WAR DECADES --- p.12 / The Critical Problems - The First Challenge --- p.13 / The Scheme of Control Agreement --- p.14 / Goals and Objectives of CLP --- p.15 / Coal as Input - The Second Challenge --- p.16 / Chapter IV. --- COST OF ELECTRICITY AND ITS PRICING --- p.18 / The Tariff Structures --- p.18 / The Tariff of the Past --- p.19 / The Present Tariff --- p.19 / Cost of Service Study Model --- p.20 / Cost Identification --- p.21 / Cost Functionalisation --- p.21 / Costing Period Determination --- p.22 / Cost Allocation --- p.27 / Results and Interpretation --- p.28 / Rate of Return Determination --- p.28 / Unit Cost Analysis --- p.31 / Chapter V. --- REVIEW OF THE PRESENT TARIFF STRUCTURE --- p.35 / Objectives of the Present Tariff --- p.35 / Performance of the Tariff --- p.36 / Performance of the Company --- p.37 / Load Factor Improvement --- p.40 / Chapter VI --- THE NEW CHALLENGES AND THE STRATEGIES --- p.42 / The New Challenges --- p.42 / Changes in The External Market --- p.42 / The 1997 Issue of Hong Kong --- p.43 / Fuel Advantages Exhausted --- p.44 / The Company's Strategies Facing the New Challenges --- p.44 / Deferring Capital Investment --- p.45 / Supply Side Management --- p.45 / Diversification --- p.46 / Chapter VII. --- PROJECTED PERFORMANCE OF THE TARIFF --- p.49 / Maximum Demand Forecast and Generating Capacity Requirement --- p.49 / Projected Expenditure and Revenue Requirement --- p.50 / The New Objectives of the Tariff --- p.50 / Least Cost Planning --- p.50 / Energy Conservation --- p.50 / Factors to Consider for the Detailed Design of the Tariff --- p.50 / Price Elasticity --- p.52 / Scheme of Control --- p.52 / Load Factor Improvement --- p.52 / Chapter VIII. --- CONCLUSION --- p.53 / APPENDIX --- p.54 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.58
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An investigation into the present tariff cost structure and a methodology to determine the tariff increase for Ethekwini electricity.Ramballee, Ashwin. January 2010 (has links)
EThekwini Electricity (EE) purchases its energy on the Megaflex tariff from Eskom which has had
considerable changes in content over the years. This has caused the present tariffs offered by EE to
move away from cost reflectivity. Structural changes over the years have caused distortion to even
the supposedly cost reflect ‘Time of Use’ tariff (TOU) which emulated Eskom’s previous Large
Power Users (LPU) tariffs. The divergence between the purchase of electricity and the method of
recovery for the sales becomes a cause for concern. This opens EE to risk of not being able to offer
cost reflective tariffs and diminish risks in recovery via the tariffs. This has an impact on the
budgeted revenue.
The primary intention of this study was to establish a formalised procedure and to develop a
methodology that Ethekwini Electricity (EE) can use for the review of their tariffs. This study was
necessary and extremely crucial for the mitigation of financial risk when tariffs are reviewed and
restructured since the revenue recovered via the tariffs are in excess of 5 billion rand per annum.
The study consisted of the development of a methodology which consists of a process flowchart
and a series of Excel spreadsheets in which the analysis was done. The development of the model
utilised information that were readily available and data that were extracted and manipulated from
installed systems. The objectives were to determine all associated costs for the delivery of
electricity, identify cost drivers, determine cost structure and finally determine applicable tariffs for
EE. Issues such as customer categorisation, cross subsidisation, cost reflectivity and affordability
were taken into account. This model could now be used in the future for tariff increases and
applications to the regulator.
This methodology was used to design of the 2009/2010 electricity tariffs for Ethekwini Electricity.
The outcome of this study resulted in the re-categorisation of EE’s customer base, changes to the
tariff structures and the phasing out of the non cost reflective tariffs. This study enabled the
restructure of the LPU TOU tariff which was crucial for EE’s cost recovery. It also resulted in the
development of two new TOU tariffs for residential and commercial customers. Whilst other
municipalities experienced difficulties in recovering their revenue due to Eskom’s restructured
Megaflex tariff, EE’s actual revenue differed by 1% when it was compared to the budgeted revenue
towards the end of 2009. / Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.
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Water resources, efficiency pricing, and revenue recyclingPitafi, Basharat A. K January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-120). / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / xii, 120 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm
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