Diss. Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet, 2005.

Diss. Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2009.

Diss. Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet, 2009.

Diss. Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2006.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2005. / Härtill 3 uppsatser.

<p>Uppsala universitet The aim of this master’s thesis is to investigate, through text analysis, the role of copyright in development, with particular interest of how the concepts <em>knowledge </em>and <em>access to knowledge </em>are used in <em>Access to Knowledge Draft Treaty </em>and <em>WIPO Development Agenda</em>. The definition of the concept knowledge, as it is used in copyright, is based in a Western historical and philosophical context and therefore excludes knowledge created in another type of society. The consequences of this exclusion have effects on development. Further it is stated that knowledge according to the global copyright scheme will be reduced to a commodity, which will have consequences not only in societies in the global South. The difficulties in achieving <em>access to knowledge </em>in the global copyright regime are investigated. The flexibilities contained in the Berne Convention and the TRIPS Agreement are limited in scope and difficult to maintain. Exclusion from access to knowledge affects development and deepens inequalities both within countries and globally.</p>

Uppsala universitet The aim of this master’s thesis is to investigate, through text analysis, the role of copyright in development, with particular interest of how the concepts knowledge and access to knowledge are used in Access to Knowledge Draft Treaty and WIPO Development Agenda. The definition of the concept knowledge, as it is used in copyright, is based in a Western historical and philosophical context and therefore excludes knowledge created in another type of society. The consequences of this exclusion have effects on development. Further it is stated that knowledge according to the global copyright scheme will be reduced to a commodity, which will have consequences not only in societies in the global South. The difficulties in achieving access to knowledge in the global copyright regime are investigated. The flexibilities contained in the Berne Convention and the TRIPS Agreement are limited in scope and difficult to maintain. Exclusion from access to knowledge affects development and deepens inequalities both within countries and globally.

Handel och dess konsekvenser för samhället är ett omdiskuterat ämne inom såväl den ekonomiska forskningen som inom den politiska debatten. Diskussionen utgörs av starka motsättningar och bristen på konsensus riskerar att leda till felaktiga politiska beslut. Alltfler handelsavtal implementeras och utvecklingsländers roll på den globala marknaden blir allt större. Det är således av ökad betydelse att utreda handelns faktiska konsekvenser. Syftet med denna studie är därför att analysera hur handel påverkar den ekonomiska ojämlikheten i utvecklingsländer. Studien utgår från hypotesen att en ökad handel leder till en minskad ekonomisk ojämlikhet vilket är i enlighet med klassisk nationalekonomisk teori. Studien utfördes genom en ekonometrisk analys där en paneldataregression på 41 länder över 23 år skattades. Gini-index användes som beroendevariabel, medan handelsflöde samt sju kontrollvariabler utgjorde förklarande variabler. För att minska risken för heterogenitet i urvalet begränsades de studerade länderna i huvudsak till forna europeiska kolonier med kust. Resultatet från studien indikerar att en ökad handel leder till en minskad ekonomisk ojämlikhet. Resultatet bör dock beaktas med försiktighet med anledning av statistiskt icke-signifikanta effekter. Studien finner dessutom att förekomst av korruption är av betydelse när sambandet mellan handel och ekonomisk ojämlikhet undersöks. / The impacts of trade on the society are a common subject of debate, both in the research field of economics and in the political debate. The lack of consensus poses a risk in political decision-making. New trade agreements are being implemented while the role of developing countries is growing on the global market. Hence, there is an increasing importance of examining the actual impacts of trade. This study, therefore, analyses the impact of trade on the economic inequality in developing countries. This study hypothesizes that trade decreases inequality, which is in accordance with classical economic theory. Using a panel data regression on 41 countries over 23 years, this study examines how Gini index interacts as the dependent variable with trade flow and seven control variables. The countries studied are mainly limited to former European colonies with coastal lines to reduce the risk of heterogeneity within the sample. This study finds that trade reduces inequality, although the result should be interpreted with care due to statistically insignificant effects. This study also finds that presence of corruption is of importance when the relationship between trade and inequality is examined.

In this thesis we aim to examine the economic impact of peacekeeping provided by the United Nations (UN) in conflict-affected countries around the globe. The main interest of this thesis is to estimate the possible economic impact that UN peacekeeping operations may have had on conflict-affected countries’ economies between 1989-2019. We aim to do this by investigating if there is a positive causal relationship between UN peacekeeping operation (PKO) and GDP/capita. This is done by examining previous research and conducting an empirical analysis using a difference-in-differences method. Our model examines the change in GDP/capita levels for both a treatment and non-treatment group, defining PKO as treatment. Data on the conflicts, UN peacekeeping operations and other relevant variables was collected from well-established open sources. The results imply that PKO has a positive impact on GDP/capita development, but that the effect most likely goes through the effect that PKO has on our mediator variables, that in turn positively affect GDP levels. Furthermore, our results indicate that the size of the mission, in terms of military strength, does seem to increase the economic effect.

For decades the question regarding foreign aid’s effectiveness has been disputed. The ongoing debate concerning whether foreign aid yields or prevents economic growth has been discussed by different scholars, though with dissimilar outcomes. Foreign aid is often criticized for creating destruction rather than stimulating developing countries economic growth, though the fundamentals for aid is to create opportunities for developing countries to evolve and gain better socio-economic structures. Different forms of aid are supposed to create different outcomes, i.e. short- and medium-term aid ought to stimulate the country while long-term aid such as infrastructure and education should create growth for the recipient country. The problem of aid is mostly corruption, corrupted regimes hinders the natural development for aid that is to say it hampers the positive outcome aid can produce. So, does foreign aid have a positive impact on recipient countries growth? The aim of this study is to acknowledge the importance of foreign aid. In order to analyse whether foreign aid results in economic growth for developing countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, a crosssection regression analysis has been conducted. To sum up the results of this study foreign aid doesn’t have a significant effect on economic growth in the region Sub-Saharan Africa although other variables such as education and foreign direct investment has a significant effect on growth.