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It has long been held that processing at the single word level during reading is automatic. However, research has recently begun to emerge that challenges this view. The literature surrounding the processing of emotion while recognizing printed words is limited, but some findings in the processing of emotion in faces suggest that negative stimuli (especially threat stimuli) promote quick and accurate processing. The purpose of the present experiments is to investigate whether negative emotionally-laden words are afforded priority processing in visual word recognition compared to positive emotionally-laden words. Two experiments are reported that manipulated the lexicality and valence of the target and distractor stimuli (Experiments 1 & 2), the validity of a spatial pre-cue (Experiments 1 & 2), and the presence of a distractor item (Experiment 2). Participants were asked to determine whether the target stimulus spelled a word or not. Response times on valid trials were faster compared to invalid trials, response times to negative emotionally-laden words were slower compared to positive emotionally-laden words, and the presence of a distractor item encouraged better focus on the target stimuli in the absence of any evidence that the valence of the distractor itself was processed. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that visual word recognition is not automatic given that processing benefited from the accurate direction of spatial attention. Furthermore, negative emotionally-laden words benefited equally compared to positive emotionally-laden words and therefore provide no evidence of automatic processing.

To better understand the optical and electronic properties of thiophene- and pyrrole-based organic compounds on a molecular level, several aromatic compounds and their corresponding monocations were analyzed by a variety of solution-based spectroscopic techniques. The derivatives were initially synthesized using palladium-catalyzed amination reactions, condensation reactions, Horner-Emmons reactions, and Stille coupling reactions. Once isolated, the neutral compounds were analyzed by UV-visible-NIR absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and / or differential pulse voltammetry. Monocations were generated by chemical oxidation and were analyzed by visible-NIR absorption spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. By quantifying the extent of the electron-donor abilities of some chromophores and the electron delocalization of positive charge in the monocations, a more thorough understanding of the optical and electronic properties of the compounds was obtained.

Texte remanié de: T. doct.--Universidad de Valencia, 1987.

Thèse de doctorat--Sciences naturelles--Faculté des sciences de Paris, 1891. N°: 734.

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Psychology, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 21-24).

Th.--Sci. hum.--Paris 7, 1986.

abstract: The present study of two hundred and seven university students examined the structural relation of future-orientation (both valence and instrumentality), career decision-making self-efficacy and career indecision (choice/commitment anxiety and lack of readiness). Structural equation modeling results indicated that while the overall proposed model fit the data well, my hypotheses were partially supported. Valence was not significantly related to career decision-making self-efficacy, choice/commitment anxiety and lack of readiness. However, instrumentality completely mediated the relation between valence and career decision-making self-efficacy, choice/commitment anxiety and lack of readiness. Instrumentality was significantly related to career decision-making self-efficacy and lack of readiness. Career decision-making self-efficacy completely mediated the relation between instrumentality and choice/commitment anxiety; however, it only partially mediated the relation between instrumentality and lack of readiness. Although the proposed model was invariant across gender, the findings indicate that women reported higher instrumentality and lower lack of readiness than did men. No differences were found for career decision-making self-efficacy and choice/commitment anxiety across gender. The findings suggest that psychologists, counselors, teachers, and career interventionists should consider the role future time perspective in university students' career development. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Counseling Psychology 2014

The conformational energy differences have been determined for ethylene glycol, 2- chloroethanol, and 2,2- dichloroethanol in the neat liquid, DMSO, and H20 with Raman spectroscopy. Spectra in the 0-H valence region were utilized to determine the energy difference between interand intramolecularly hydrogen bonded species. It was found that the solvent effect on the relative stabilities of the gauche and trans rotamers of the alcohols differ significantly. The results also indicate that, unlike ethylene glycol, there is significant intramolecular hydrogen bond formation in the halogenated alcohols in the neat liquid phase. Stronger intramolecular hydrogen bond formation was observed in dichloroethanol than in 2-chloroethanol.

abstract: While discrete emotions like joy, anger, disgust etc. are quite popular, continuous emotion dimensions like arousal and valence are gaining popularity within the research community due to an increase in the availability of datasets annotated with these emotions. Unlike the discrete emotions, continuous emotions allow modeling of subtle and complex affect dimensions but are difficult to predict. Dimension reduction techniques form the core of emotion recognition systems and help create a new feature space that is more helpful in predicting emotions. But these techniques do not necessarily guarantee a better predictive capability as most of them are unsupervised, especially in regression learning. In emotion recognition literature, supervised dimension reduction techniques have not been explored much and in this work a solution is provided through probabilistic topic models. Topic models provide a strong probabilistic framework to embed new learning paradigms and modalities. In this thesis, the graphical structure of Latent Dirichlet Allocation has been explored and new models tuned to emotion recognition and change detection have been built. In this work, it has been shown that the double mixture structure of topic models helps 1) to visualize feature patterns, and 2) to project features onto a topic simplex that is more predictive of human emotions, when compared to popular techniques like PCA and KernelPCA. Traditionally, topic models have been used on quantized features but in this work, a continuous topic model called the Dirichlet Gaussian Mixture model has been proposed. Evaluation of DGMM has shown that while modeling videos, performance of LDA models can be replicated even without quantizing the features. Until now, topic models have not been explored in a supervised context of video analysis and thus a Regularized supervised topic model (RSLDA) that models video and audio features is introduced. RSLDA learning algorithm performs both dimension reduction and regularized linear regression simultaneously, and has outperformed supervised dimension reduction techniques like SPCA and Correlation based feature selection algorithms. In a first of its kind, two new topic models, Adaptive temporal topic model (ATTM) and SLDA for change detection (SLDACD) have been developed for predicting concept drift in time series data. These models do not assume independence of consecutive frames and outperform traditional topic models in detecting local and global changes respectively. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Computer Science 2015