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Application of real-time HRV biofeedback in the scenario of meditation practice : Feasibility, usability and medical fidelityGunzenhauser, Jan January 2015 (has links)
Chronic stress is a prevalent and universally present hazard in modern society. It lowers the quality of life for individuals and significantly con- tributes to unsustainable health care costs. Therefore it is important to have natural and noninvasive ways of controlling stress. One such way is meditation, a technique which has been practiced for over five thousand years to improve stress regulation. Also, proceedings in sensing technologies lead to the discovery of biofeedback as another cost-effective technique for stress assessment and reduction. In continuation of research on real-time reflective human-computer-interfaces, this thesis combines these techniques by exploring the application of electrocardiography sensing technology in a heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback system for the scenario of medita- tion practice. A proof-of-concept prototype was designed and implemented which quantifies stress and gives feedback on meditation effectiveness. For evaluation, a user study has been performed. Results were analysed in a systematic way to evaluate the feasibility and acceptance of the solution as well as the fidelity of HRV data that was measured during user tests. The prototype was found to be feasible in the context of technology acceptance while the fidelity of data, acquired by an algorithm for time and frequency domain analysis of HRV, was confirmed. A final conclusion is that the reflective aspect of the implemented real-time biofeedback system helps to improve regulatory capacity and thus lowers stress in individuals.
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An Investigative Study of Testing Strategy and Test Case Creation in a Hardware-Software Co-design Environment Using Software Product Line Theory / En undersökande studie om teststrategi och skapande av testfall i en miljö i kombination av mjukvara och hårdvara med användning av software product line teoriLångström, Stina January 2021 (has links)
The requirements for software products have increased in recent years. This is both due to more complex technology as well as more requirements from the customers. An approach to solve this issue is by using a software product line (SPL) where reusable assets are developed to produce more tailor-made products with reduced time to market. When creating reusable assets, one also wants to reuse the tests for them. In order to do that, it is important to understand what to test, and where to test. A good test strategy is thereby crucial in order to avoid testing becoming a bottleneck for efficient software development. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate how to create a good testing strategy for products in an SPL. This was done by collecting information about the current testing process in order to understand which requirements that exist and how they are addressed. The core foundation of an SPL is to utilize variation to create new products. To understand the existing variation of the product and the test cases a feature modeling and similarity analysis was done. The result from them made it possible to create a test strategy and categorization of test cases that can be used to ease the reuse of test cases for new variants of the product. The resulting test strategy presented proposes feature modeling as the basis of test creation and categorization as a tool to enable easier reuse of test cases. The results of the study indicate that using SPL theory in testing can introduce a better test strategy and test case creation process which is beneficial for the whole development process. / Kraven på mjukvaruprodukter har ökat de senaste åren. Detta beror delvis på mer komplicerad teknologi, men även på att kunderna ställer högre krav på de produkter de använder. Ett tillvägagångssätt för att lösa detta är att använda en software product line. I en software product line utvecklas återanvändningsbara delar som sedan kan kombineras och därmed skapa skräddarsydda produkter på ett mer effektivt sätt. När man skapar återanvändningsbara mjukvarudelar vill man också återanvända testerna för dem. För att göra det är det viktigt att förstå vad som ska testas och varför. En bra teststrategi är därmed avgörande för att undvika att testning blir en flaskhals för effektiv mjukvaruutveckling. Syftet med detta arbete var att undersöka hur man skapar en bra teststrategi för produkter i en software product line. Detta gjordes genom att samla in information om den nuvarande testprocessen för att förstå vilka krav som finns och hur de hanteras. En huvudaspekt i software product lineteori är att använda variation för att skapa nya produkter. För att förstå variationen i produkten och dess testfall gjordes en funktionsmodellering och likhetsanalys. Resultaten från dem gjorde det möjligt att skapa en teststrategi och en kategorisering av testfall som kan användas för att underlätta återanvändningen av testfall för nya varianter av produkten. Den resulterande teststrategin som presenteras föreslår funktionsmodellering som grund för testskapande och kategorisering som ett verktyg för att möjliggöra enklare återanvändning av testfall. Resultaten av studien tyder på att användning av software product lineteori vid testning kan resultera i en bättre teststrategi och enklare process för skapandet av nya testfall.
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Improving Runoff Estimation at Ungauged CatchmentsZelelew, Mulugeta January 2012 (has links)
Water infrastructures have been implemented to support the vital activities of human society. The infrastructure developments at the same time have interrupted the natural catchment response characteristics, challenging society to implement effective water resources planning and management strategies. The Telemark area in southern Norway has seen a large number of water infrastructure developments, particularly hydropower, over more than a century. Recent developments in decision support tools for flood control and reservoir operation has raised the need to compute inflows from local catchments, most of which are regulated or have no observed data. This has contributed for the motivation of this PhD thesis work, with an aim of improving runoff estimation at ungauged catchments, and the research results are presented in four manuscript scientific papers. The inverse distance weighting, inverse distance squared weighting, ordinary kriging, universal kriging and kriging with external drift were applied to analyse precipitation variability and estimate daily precipitation in the study area. The geostatistical based univariate and multivariate map-correlation concepts were applied to analyse and physically understand regional hydrological response patterns. The Sobol variance based sensitivity analysis (VBSA) method was used to investigate the HBV hydrological model parameterization significances on the model response variations and evaluate the model’s reliability as a prediction tool. The HBV hydrological model space transferability into ungauged catchments was also studied. The analyses results showed that the inverse distance weighting variants are the preferred spatial data interpolation methods in areas where relatively dense precipitation station network can be found. In mountainous areas and in areas where the precipitation station network is relatively sparse, the kriging variants are the preferred methods. The regional hydrological response correlation analyses suggested that geographic proximity alone cannot explain the entire hydrological response correlations in the study area. Besides, when the multivariate map-correlation analysis was applied, two distinct regional hydrological response patterns - the radial and elliptical-types were identified. The presence of these hydrological response patterns influenced the location of the best-correlated reference streamgauges to the ungauged catchments. As a result, the nearest streamgauge was found the best-correlated in areas where the radial-type hydrological response pattern is the dominant. In area where the elliptical-type hydrological response pattern is the dominant, the nearest reference streamgauge was not necessarily the best-correlated. The VBSA verified that varying up to a minimum of four to six influential HBV model parameters can sufficiently simulate the catchments' responses characteristics when emphasis is given to fit the high flows. Varying up to a minimum of six influential model parameters is necessary to sufficiently simulate the catchments’ responses and maintain the model performance when emphasis is given to fit the low flows. However, varying more than nine out of the fifteen HBV model parameters will not make any significant change on the model performance. The hydrological model space transfer study indicated that estimation of representative runoff at ungauged catchments cannot be guaranteed by transferring model parameter sets from a single donor catchment. On the other hand, applying the ensemble based model space transferring approach and utilizing model parameter sets from multiple donor catchments improved the model performance at the ungauged catchments. The result also suggested that high model performance can be achieved by integrating model parameter sets from two to six donor catchments. Objectively minimizing the HBV model parametric dimensionality and only sampling the sensitive model parameters, maintained the model performance and limited the model prediction uncertainty.
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Organisierte Software-Startups mit kollaborativen CanvasesKorger, Christina 10 March 2015 (has links) (PDF)
Canvases gelten als leichtgewichtiges Werkzeug für die Darstellung komplizierter Sachverhalte. Die Arbeit „Organisierte Software-Startups mit kollaborativen Canvases" beschäftigt sich mit der Konzeption eines Canvas-Frameworks für die Unterstützung von Softwareprojekten. Ein Überblick über die Eigenschaften des Werkzeugs sowie existierende Canvases aus den Bereichen der Geschäftsmodellierung und der Softwareprojektsteuerung bilden die Einführung in das Thema. Im Anschluss werden zwei weitere Canvases für Projektplanung und Kundengespräche eingeführt, deren Eignung im Rahmen einer universitär durchgeführten Studie evaluiert wird. Aus den Feldern der insgesamt drei Canvases für den Kontext der Softwareentwicklung werden in einer Variabilitätsanalyse Kriterien herausgearbeitet, die die Anpassung des Werkzeugs für den individuellen Projektkontext ermöglichen. Den Abschluss bildet die Diskussion möglicher Ansätze zur Vollständigkeitsbewertung ausgefüllter Canvases.
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Organisierte Software-Startups mit kollaborativen Canvases: Großer BelegKorger, Christina 18 December 2014 (has links)
Canvases gelten als leichtgewichtiges Werkzeug für die Darstellung komplizierter Sachverhalte. Die Arbeit „Organisierte Software-Startups mit kollaborativen Canvases" beschäftigt sich mit der Konzeption eines Canvas-Frameworks für die Unterstützung von Softwareprojekten. Ein Überblick über die Eigenschaften des Werkzeugs sowie existierende Canvases aus den Bereichen der Geschäftsmodellierung und der Softwareprojektsteuerung bilden die Einführung in das Thema. Im Anschluss werden zwei weitere Canvases für Projektplanung und Kundengespräche eingeführt, deren Eignung im Rahmen einer universitär durchgeführten Studie evaluiert wird. Aus den Feldern der insgesamt drei Canvases für den Kontext der Softwareentwicklung werden in einer Variabilitätsanalyse Kriterien herausgearbeitet, die die Anpassung des Werkzeugs für den individuellen Projektkontext ermöglichen. Den Abschluss bildet die Diskussion möglicher Ansätze zur Vollständigkeitsbewertung ausgefüllter Canvases.:Abbildungsverzeichnis VII
Tabellenverzeichnis IX
1 Einführung 1
1.1 Motivation 1
1.2 Verwandte Literatur 2
1.3 Konzept 3
2 Das Canvas als kollaboratives Werkzeug 5
2.1 Was ist ein Canvas? 5
2.2 Welche Vorzüge bietet die Verwendung eines Canvas als Werkzeug? 6
3 Einsatz von Canvases in Geschäftsmodellentwicklung und Softwareprojektsteuerung 9
3.1 Canvases für die Entwicklung von Geschäftsmodellen 9
3.1.1 BusinessModel Canvas 9
3.1.2 Lean Canvas 11
3.1.3 BusinessModel Canvas for User Experience 13
3.2 Canvases für die Steuerung von Softwareprojekten 14
3.2.1 Lean Software Engineering Canvas 15
4 Erarbeitung von Kundenwünschen mit Canvases 17
4.1 Die Einteilung von Kundenwünschen nach dem Kano-Modell 17
4.2 Das Customer Interview Canvas 19
5 Iterationsplanung im Softwareprojekt mit Canvases 21
5.1 Das Planning Game 21
5.2 Das Iteration Planning Canvas 22
6 Studie zum Einsatz von Canvases in Softwareprojekten 25
6.1 Entwicklung eines Fragebogens 25
6.2 Durchführung der Studie 27
6.3 Auswertung der Studie 28
6.4 Fazit 31
7 Variabilitätsanalyse 33
7.1 Feature-Modelle 33
7.2 Kategorisierung der Canvas-Felder im Zusammenhang mit Softwareprojektsteuerung 36
7.2.1 Felder für eine erste Vorstellung des Produkts 36
7.2.2 Felder für die Projektplanung in Iterationsschritten 39
7.2.3 Felder für separate Kundengespräache 42
7.3 Konfigurationsmöglichkeiten von Canvases im Softwareentwicklungskontext 43
7.4 Konfigurationsbeispiel 45
8 Möglichkeiten zur Bewertung der Vollständigkeit von Canvases 49
8.1 Bewertungsansätze 49
8.2 Diskussion geeigneter Bewertungskriterien 50
9 Schlussbetrachtung 55
9.1 Zusammenfassung 55
9.2 Bewertung und Ausblick 56
Anhang 59
Literaturverzeichnis 71
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