Diese Broschüre ist die Zusammentragung der Rechercheergebnisse und Gestaltungsansätzen zu Jasper Runges Bachelorarbeit 'AFAR EARTH SCHOOL'. Das 'Ethiopian Ministry of Education' rief Architekt*Innen dazu auf, für die vom Bürgerkrieg zerstörten Schulgebäude neue Bildungseinrichtungen zu entwickeln. Die Bachelorarbeit behandelt die aride Afar Region, in der extremes Klima auf Materialknappheit und schlechte Infrastruktur trifft. Die Herausforderung war es ausschließlich Lokal zu produzieren und zu bauen. Es werden keine Investitionen von außerhalb benötigt und die Eigenständigkeit der lokalen Gemeinschaften steht im Mittelpunkt. Im Kontext der 'Great Green Wall' trägt die Schule aus Lehm dazu bei die Abholzung und die vom Klimawandel bedingte Desertifikation der Subsaharastaaten aufzuhalten.:Vorwort 1 Aufgabenstellung 2 Ethiopia 4 Allgemein 5 Krieg 6 Schule 8 Afar 10 Gestaltungskriterien 14 Architektur, Krieg und Frieden 15 Gegebenheiten vor Ort 16 Ressourcen 17 Klima 18 Material 19 Die Entstehung einer Siedlung und seiner Schule 20 Referenzen 24 Entwurf 30 Verortung 31 Standortanalyse 34 Entwicklungsflächen 38 Raumprogramm 39 Strategien 40 Methoden 41 Konstruktion 43 Pläne 45 Modellfotos 53 Abbildungsverzeichnis 60 Quellenverzeichnis 61

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Throughout time man has discovered that the human form, in all its harmonious proportion, can be used as a guide, gauge and tool to design and build structures. However, the human figure has not been the only organic form used to create architecture. Many animals create dwellings that synchronize with not only their own unique physical characteristics and survival instincts, but with their aesthetic preferences as well. It is logical that a design should respond to its surroundings, program and most importantly, its inhabitants. This thesis design is for two specific occupants: the cat and the human. They are both meant to inhabit the building wholly and simultaneously. The way each of them experiences and uses the space, however, differs greatly. For a building to survive it needs many of the same things as living creatures: sunlight, air and movement, to name a few. It also needs to function like a living creature. It must breathe, sleep, respond to the changing seasons, and adapt over time. This thesis is an investigation of how both human and cat can dwell in a building of harmonious proportion, scale, light, and material. / Master of Architecture

The utilization of application-to-application (A2A) credentials within interpretive language scripts and application code has long been a security risk. The quandaries being how to protect and secure the credentials handled in the main body of code and avoid exploitation from rogue programmers, system administrators and other users with authorized high levels of privilege. Researchers report that A2A credentials cannot be protected and that there is no way to reduce the risk of the inevitable successful attack and subsequent exploit. Therefore, research efforts to date have primarily been focused on mitigating the impact of the attack rather than finding ways to reduce the attack surface. The work contained herein successfully addresses this serious cross-cutting concern and proves that it is in fact possible to significantly reduce the risk of attack. This reduction of risk was accomplished through implementing a method of credential obfuscation which applied advice with concerns utilizing a composition filter. The filter modified messages containing the credentials as they were sent from the interpretive language script to the remote data store. The modification extracted credentials from a secure password vault and inserted them into the message being sent to the remote data store. This modification moved the handling of the credentials from the main body of code to a secure library and out of the reach of attackers with authorized high levels of privilege. The relocation of the credential handling code lines significantly reduced the attack surface and the overall risk of attack.

Title: Teaching of sports gymnastics disciplins in connection with fear scruples Aims of thesis: Find out range of incorporate sports gymnastics in teaching on elementary and high schools in chosen prague's region. How influence fears scruples this teaching. Method: In research was used method of question by question form. Respondets were students of 1. and 2. follow-up masters study UK FTVS, for teachers on prague's elementary and high schools. Results: A single items from question form were statistically evaluated, completed by bar graphs and comments. Final summary of examined problematic shows lack of representation disciplins of sports gymnastics in teaching of physical education on elementary and high schools, consequently arise fears inhibitions. Keywords: Fear, anxiety, sports gymnastics, vault, injury, physical education, teaching

Title: Teaching of sports gymnastics disciplins in connection with fear scruples Aims of thesis: Find out range of incorporate sports gymnastics in teaching on elementary and high schools. How influence fears scruples this teaching. Method: In research was used method of question by question form. Respondets were students of 1. and 2. follow-up masters study UK FTVS, for teachers on elementary and high schools. Results: Grafics expression of results, evaluation of single items from question form completed by comments and final summary of examined problematic. Keywords: Fear, anxiety, sports gymnastics, vault, injury, physical education, teaching

As estruturas lamelares de madeira foram introduzidas na Europa em 1908, no Brasil em 1922 e nos Estados Unidos em 1925. Foram muito empregadas entre as décadas de 20 e 60 para cobrirem ambientes que abrangessem grandes áreas como galpões industriais, ginásios, auditórios, pavilhões de exposição, garagens, depósitos, igrejas, salões de clube e outros. Estas estruturas são constituídas por elementos de barras denominados lamelas, que compõem uma malha losangular tridimensional em formato de abóbada. Este trabalho tem por finalidade a apresentação das recomendações de dimensionamento destas estruturas a partir da determinação dos esforços atuantes nas barras e deslocamentos dos nós, com base na atual norma brasileira NBR 7190:1997 - Projeto de estruturas de madeira. Para esta finalidade foi desenvolvido um abrangente estudo teórico e experimental a respeito do sistema estrutural e construtivo destas estruturas. Os resultados obtidos mostram a viabilidade técnica e econômica (racionalização do uso de materiais) na utilização destas estruturas para coberturas de médios a grandes vãos. / The wood segmental-lattice vaults were introduced in Europe in 1908, in Brazil in 1922 and in the United States in 1925. They were very used between the twenties and sixties for covering big areas as industrial sheds, gymnasiums, auditoriums, exposition pavilions, garages, storaged structures, churches, club salons and others. These structures are constituted by bar elements that are parts of a three dimensional quadrangular net, forming a vault. The purpose of this work is to present the design recommendations of these structures from the determination of the active efforts on the bars and nodal displacements, with basis on the Brazilian standard NBR 7190:1997 - Timber structures project and, for this purpose, was developed a broad theoretical and an experimental studies about the structural and constructive systems of these structures. The results show the technical and economic viabilities (rationalization in the use of materials) in using these structures for covering medium and long roof spans.

Engineers are exploring a new paradigm in wastewater treatment; focus is shifting to the recovery and reuse of energy, water, and nutrients. Ecological sanitation (EcoSan) technologies, which allow for this recovery and reuse, are an environmentally sound option for the future of sanitation. While the technology to achieve this goal of recovery and reuse exists, a limiting factor is user attitudes and perceptions. Social sciences, especially anthropology, can and should inform engineering projects to ensure socio-cultural sustainability. Since 2003, rural indigenous Ngäbe communities in Panama have been implementing ecological sanitation projects, mainly double vault urine diverting (DVUD) latrines known as composting latrines. With the help of governmental agencies and the Peace Corps, over 200 of these latrines have been built across the province of Bocas del Toro and the ñÖ Kribu region of the Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé. To this point, little monitoring and evaluation has taken place in these communities. Interviews and observations in 23 communities throughout this coastal region revealed that 70.6% of composting latrines constructed (n = 201) were completed and 71.8 % of the completed composting latrines (n = 142) are still in use. Based on observations, 65% of the latrines in use were determined to be used properly, which translates to the proper use of 45.8% of the completed latrines. To promote composting latrine adoption, social marketing and pilot latrine projects can be employed, and to improve the percentage of properly used composting latrines, education campaigns can be deployed as follow up. Utilizing suggestions made in recent literature as guidelines for the proper application of compost, analysis showed that new training messages have not reached the communities with older composting latrines. Informal interviews in 18 communities identified compost production, the lack of mosquitoes and flies, and the lack of odor as the most frequently mentioned advantages. With respect to the disadvantages, the inability to use water for anal cleansing was the most frequently mentioned disadvantage. In three communities, informal interviews and 124 surveys were used to characterize the perceptions of Ngäbes regarding feces and their use of composted human excrement as a soil amendment in agriculture. In general, the responses reflected perceptions that show no strong barrier to the operation and maintenance of composting latrines. Utilizing the Fisher's exact test and Kruskal-Wallis test, the community, sanitation classification, gender, primary occupation, and age all showed some level of association with the perceptions expressed in the survey responses. Filo Verde was more likely to respond with perceptions accepting of composting latrine use, while San San Puente was more likely to respond with "don't know" or with perceptions objecting to composting latrine use. At times, up to 37.9% of the respondents responded with negative perceptions; thus, evaluations of perceptions prior to the implementation stage are still beneficial. One discrepancy existed between the overall majority and the composting latrine user majority; 56.5% of the 124 respondents perceived the handling of human excrement as a great health risk, whereas 59.1% of the 22 composting latrine users did not. As expected, the composting latrine users responses represent the positive perceptions of feces and their reuse, but pit latrine owners were most likely to respond with perceptions contrary to those indicative of proper composting latrine behavior. Overall, males were more likely to agree with the perceptions related to composting latrine use. Regarding primary occupations, farmers consistently replied with more favorable perceptions of feces and their use as a soil amendment, while banana company workers showed more dissidence. Additionally, older participants gave responses reflecting favorable perceptions of composting latrines more than younger participants. Finally, education and household size do not have any statistically significant associations with the perceptions reflected in the survey responses.

Vom 3. April 2006 an gelten für das Buchmuseum der Sächsischen Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (SLUB) neue Öffnungszeiten:...

As estruturas lamelares de madeira foram introduzidas na Europa em 1908, no Brasil em 1922 e nos Estados Unidos em 1925. Foram muito empregadas entre as décadas de 20 e 60 para cobrirem ambientes que abrangessem grandes áreas como galpões industriais, ginásios, auditórios, pavilhões de exposição, garagens, depósitos, igrejas, salões de clube e outros. Estas estruturas são constituídas por elementos de barras denominados lamelas, que compõem uma malha losangular tridimensional em formato de abóbada. Este trabalho tem por finalidade a apresentação das recomendações de dimensionamento destas estruturas a partir da determinação dos esforços atuantes nas barras e deslocamentos dos nós, com base na atual norma brasileira NBR 7190:1997 - Projeto de estruturas de madeira. Para esta finalidade foi desenvolvido um abrangente estudo teórico e experimental a respeito do sistema estrutural e construtivo destas estruturas. Os resultados obtidos mostram a viabilidade técnica e econômica (racionalização do uso de materiais) na utilização destas estruturas para coberturas de médios a grandes vãos. / The wood segmental-lattice vaults were introduced in Europe in 1908, in Brazil in 1922 and in the United States in 1925. They were very used between the twenties and sixties for covering big areas as industrial sheds, gymnasiums, auditoriums, exposition pavilions, garages, storaged structures, churches, club salons and others. These structures are constituted by bar elements that are parts of a three dimensional quadrangular net, forming a vault. The purpose of this work is to present the design recommendations of these structures from the determination of the active efforts on the bars and nodal displacements, with basis on the Brazilian standard NBR 7190:1997 - Timber structures project and, for this purpose, was developed a broad theoretical and an experimental studies about the structural and constructive systems of these structures. The results show the technical and economic viabilities (rationalization in the use of materials) in using these structures for covering medium and long roof spans.