本論文「客語「放」及其同類動詞：框架語義與構式之互動」以Fillmore (1985)提出的「框架語義」以及Goldberg (1995)等學者提出的「構式語法」觀點為基礎，分析客語「放」字構式呈現的多義現象。客語「放」字涉及「使動事件」：空間位移與狀態變化。本文著重分析「使動結構」與客語「放」字在動賓、動補及句子等構式中語意－句法的互動。同時藉助隱喻與轉喻的強化，說明客語「放」字延伸語意之間的關聯性，並進一步闡述客語「放」字在動賓結構中詞彙化為複合詞的現象。此外，本文亦檢視客語其他放置類動詞：方向同類動詞、工具同類動詞、方式同類動詞，經由審視其詞彙化類型與框架語義之互動，說明其語意內涵與句法上的表現。因此，本論文經由分析詞彙化類型與探討事件架構中參與角色的展現與否，說明客語放置類動詞語意與句法間的相互關係。 / English verbs describing putting, a prototypical exemplar of a caused-motion activity, have been pervasively found to be the first acquired and the most frequently used verbs in many languages. Their semantic compatibility with various syntactic structures reinforces the association between verbal meanings and the constructions, giving rise to a grouping of related but distinct senses (Goldberg et al. 2004). Piong3 (放) ‘to put’ in Hakka is abundant in semantics. The basic meaning of piong3 designates a common pattern of human experience: An animate entity exerts manual force upon a physical object and causes the object to move. Adopting Goldberg’s (1995) Constructions and Fillmore’s (1985) Frame Semantics, this study aims to account for the meaning relatedness latent in piong3 and explicate the shades of meaning rooted in the set of its congeners with different degree of family resemblance. It is argued that the delicate nuances denoted by piong3 are derived from the interaction between frames and constructions while the extended meanings of piong3 are linked to its typical use through various metaphors and metonymies such as CONTAINER, EVENT STRUCTURE, CHANGE OF STATE AS CHANGE OF LOCATION metaphors and ACTION FOR RESULT metonymy. Furthermore, with regard to congeners of piong3 in Hakka, it is maintained that differences in profiling and lexicalization patterns capture the primary difference between piong3 and its congeners. Specifically, piong3 does not lexicalize other semantic elements (i.e. path, means, manner, result, and etc.) into its lexical meaning whereas its congeners explicitly do so, in that three subtypes of the congeners can be identified: directional congeners, means congeners, and manner congeners.

Notre étude porte sur la notion de géométrie de sens. Ainsi, l’étude de la notion de verbe occupe l’axe principal de notre thèse. Cette notion est connue par sa complexité. Cela s’explique par la forte polysémie des verbes français. Nous avons focalisé notre étude sur l’analyse syntactico-sémantique des verbes « monter» et « passer ». La notion de polysémie, malgré sa grande importance, reste toujours très difficile à formaliser. Nous avons tenté, dans cette étude, d’utiliser trois dictionnaires électroniques pour désambiguïser les verbes « monter » et « passer ». Ce travail permet de rendre compte de l’influence de la syntaxe et du lexique sur les sens de ces deux verbes. Dans notre démarche, nous avons utilisé la méthode de désambiguïsation automatique de B. Victorri qui a pour spécificité l’analyse des unités lexicales polysémiques. Ce modèle se base sur des théories linguistiques et il exploite les mathématiques et l’informatique dans l’objectif de bien décrire et de résoudre le problème de la polysémie verbale. Donc, notre travail est pluridisciplinaire. C’est là où l’informatique et les mathématiques sont au service de l’analyse des langues naturelles. / Our study focuses on the concept of geometry of sense. the study of the concept of verb occupies the main axis of our thesis. This concept is known for its complexity. This is explained by the polysemy of French verbs. We focused our study on the syntactic-semantic analysis of the two verbs "to climb " and "to pass". Indeed, the multiplicity of use involves the notion of verbal polysemy. This notion despite its importance is still very difficult to formulate. We have tried in this study using three electronic dictionaries to disambiguate the verbs "to climb " and "to pass". This work allows us to account for the influence of the syntax and vocabulary of the senses of these two verbs. We explained the opportunity to disambiguate a polysemous verb not by recourse to a list of synonyms but by a set of meanings in specific syntactic constructions. In our approach, we used an automatic method of disambiguation B Victorri that has specificity for the analysis of polysemous lexical units. We found that there is reconciliation between the theoretical analysis and the analysis given by this method. This model is based on linguistic theories and operates mathematics and computer with the aim to clearly describe and solve the problem of verbal polysemy. So our work is multidisciplinary. This is where computer science and mathematics is at the service of the analysis of natural languages.