Thesis(M.S.) --Auburn University, 2005. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:55:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:04:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 12934.pdf: 10142023 bytes, checksum: 136ed50823f975ac1a6f09494961d4c0 (MD5) / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:55:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:04:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 12934.pdf: 10142023 bytes, checksum: 136ed50823f975ac1a6f09494961d4c0 (MD5) / O governo brasileiro com seu programa Luz para Todos tem como desafio acabar com a exclusão elétrica das comunidades rurais do país. Outra preocupação é a respeito da falta de abastecimento de energia, previsto para os próximos anos. No entanto, uma vez atendidas estas demandas há uma tendência de minimizar a exclusão elétrica no país, principalmente em regiões isoladas onde vivem as famílias de baixa renda. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar um estudo de viabilidade econômica de fontes alternativas de energia para comunidades isoladas do Nordeste brasileiro que não têm acesso à energia elétrica. Inicialmente foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico da utilização das fontes alternativas de energia propostas neste trabalho: eólica, solar e biomassa, que podem ser usadas para suprir a falta de energia elétrica na região do Nordeste do Brasil. Numa segunda etapa foi escolhido o estado Maranhão, pois se tem informações suficientes desta região para aplicar a metodologia proposta no trabalho. A partir desta escolha foi construído um banco de dados com as características típicas da região para as comunidades que possuem entre 1.000 a 10.000 habitantes. Finalmente, foi elaborado um programa de cálculo denominado de PEASEB (Programa de Cálculo de Custos das Energias Alternativas Solar, Eólica e Biomassa), com a finalidade de facilitar os cálculos de viabilidade econômica de cada uma das fontes alternativas de energia propostas neste trabalho. Nestes cálculos foram levados em consideração os impactos ambientais causados por cada uma destas fontes de energia. Com base nos resultados obtidos conclui-se que em termos de custo-benefício as alternativas de energia propostas podem atender as comunidades carentes do Nordeste brasileiro. Além disso, qualquer uma delas pode contar com os recursos naturais que a região possui. No entanto, por meio dos resultados comparativos de viabilidade econômica as energias: eólica e de biomassa apresentaram os melhores resultados. As conclusões deste trabalho podem contribuir com os projetos de geração de energia e inclusão social do governo federal, possibilitando assim, o crescimento econômico do país / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

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Yes / Cutaneous science has seen considerable development in the last 25 years, in part due to the -Omics revolution, and the appreciation that this organ is hardwired into the body’s key neuroimmuno- endocrine axes. Moreover, there is greater appreciation of how stratification of skin disorders will permit more targeted and more effective treatments. Against this has been how the remarkable extension in the average human life-span, though in the West at least, this parallels worrying increases in lifestyle-associated conditions like diabetes, skin cancer etc. These demographic trends bring greater urgency to finding clinical solutions for numerous age-related deficits in skin function caused by extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Mechanisms for aging skin include the actions of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mtDNA mutations, and telomere shortening, as well as hormonal changes. We have also significantly improved our understanding of how to harness the skin’s considerable regenerative capacity e.g., via its remarkable investment of stem cell subpopulations. In this way we hope to develop new strategies to selectively target the skin’s capacity to undergo optimal wound repair and regeneration. Here, the unsung hero of the skin regenerative power may be the humble hair follicle, replete with its compliment of epithelial, mesenchymal, neural and other stem cells. This review introduces the topic of human skin aging, with a focus on how maintenance of function in this complex multi-cell type organ is key for retaining quality of life into old age.

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Despite natural beauty and strong ties to kinship and community, the Appalachian region has experienced economic and social disadvantages compared to other regions of the United States. Historically rural areas have been left by the wayside with little federal or state funding; rural areas received $401-$648 less per capita than their metropolitan counterparts in the years between 1994 and 2001(Kellogg Foundation, 2004). 42 percent of the population of Appalachia live in rural areas, compared to 20 percent nationally (Gohl, 2013). As of 2014 the poverty rate in Appalachia is 17.2 percent in comparison to the national average of 15.6 percent (ARC, 2016). Consequently Appalachian towns have been privy to anti-poverty policies and development work by the United States government for over half a century (Farmbry, 2014). But the anti-poverty measures did very little to change the region. In order to promote change and prosper as a region, many Appalachian towns have turned to using their cultural capital as a community development resource. As a tool in community building, cultural capital shifts the focus of a community away from its problems, towards its assets (Phillips and Shockley, 2010). The purpose of this study was to explore how two rural Appalachian towns use cultural capital to impact their community's viability. To do so the researcher used qualitative interview methods and focus groups to understand the experiences of three leadership groups in each community. The findings of this study provide insight into how communities identify and operationalize their cultural capital, and what impact it has on their economic and social prosperity. Additional research should be done on community viability in rural areas, including community visioning, and power dynamics of rural spaces. / Master of Science in Life Sciences

Weed seeds contaminating cattle feed can pass unaffected through the animal's digestive tract and may germinate when manure is returned to land as fertilizer. This investigation was undertaken to determine the effects of anaerobic fermentation of raw manure on the viability of Johnsongrass and Fall Panicum seeds which may be present in the waste. Dairy waste containing Johnsongrass and Fall Panicum seeds were subjected to batch and continuously-fed anaerobic fermentation processes in laboratory-scale digesters. The effect of influent solids concentration (4% and 6%) and retention time (15 days and 20 days) on seed viability was observed. The experiments were carried out in the mesophilic temperature range [35°C±1ºC]. Fall Panicum seeds were found to be less resistant to anaerobic digestion than Johnsongrass seeds. Greater seed destruction was achieved in 20-day digesters than in the 15-day digesters. The influent solids concentrations did not have significant effect on seed viability. By applying the Schafer-Chilcote seed population model, it was observed that the fermentation process was more effective in destroying non-dormant seeds than dormant seeds. / Master of Science

The main goal of this study is to understand factors in implementations of mobile guide systems in exhibitions and to discuss how ¡§ fit¡§ and ¡§viability¡§ perspectives affect the wiliness of exhibitors to implement mobile guide systems. The study begins with interviews with Professor Hong Wanlong and Mr. Zhangjian Zhiting of National Science and Technology Museum, to understand how exhibitors evaluate mobile guide systems. Combined with analysis and induction of perspectives and variables from studies of past journals, sub-perspectives of ¡§ fit¡§and ¡§viability¡§ are built. Then, for a through statistical survey, a questionnaire survey is conducted to explore the wiliness of exhibitors to implement mobile guide systems. Analysis revealed that localization, sufficient storage for databases, mobility and timeliness showed positive correlations between the ¡§ fit¡§ perspective, while financial concern, infrastructure of information technology, support from top management and capability of information technology department showed their positive correlations with the ¡§viability¡§ perspective. However, the ¡§financial concern¡¨ factor showed a lower significance level than others, indicating that for exhibitors the factor is taken into account but not the most important concern.

Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 136-146). / Electronic reproduction. / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / 146 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm