• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 2
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estresse no ambiente acad?mico: revis?o sistem?tica e estudo transversal com estudantes universit?rios / Stress in the academic environment: a systematic review and cross-sectional study with university students

LAMEU, Joelma do Nascimento 30 April 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-04-10T18:17:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Joelma do Nascimento Lameu.pdf: 1118788 bytes, checksum: 02de13264abdef9c08c24d530eed9dc2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-10T18:17:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Joelma do Nascimento Lameu.pdf: 1118788 bytes, checksum: 02de13264abdef9c08c24d530eed9dc2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-30 / The enrollment in college requires a number of adjustments which favors the experience of stress symptoms. Many students go through the experience of living alone, with friends or even strangers. Some must change their city, state or country, experiencing cultural differences and the absence of family. Also, they must understand the education system, dealing with different professors dealing with different pressures and doubts about the course. So, it is necessary to learn to deal with the academic routine. In this sense, the stress at high levels, may compromise the physical and psychological health of the student, interfering with the proper conduct of their academic life. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature on the prevalence of stress among college students and to evaluate the prevalence of stress among the students of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro through the Stress Symptoms Inventory by Lipp (ISSL), linking it to sociodemographic variables obtained with a structured questionnaire. The results are presented through two articles included in this dissertation. In the first article, it was found by a systematic review that the international literature shows a prevalence of 36.30% to 95.70% of stress in college students. It was observed that there is little consistency between surveys, sometimes using different instruments, sometimes evaluating very diverse samples, making it difficult to compare studies. In the second article, using a cross-sectional survey design, there were 635 students respondents of both sexes, in a representative sample stratified by course, with about 8% of the studied universe, where it was identified a 50% prevalence of stress. The sample is characterized by having mostly unmarried students (90.20%) with a mean age of 22 years (SD = 3.96), and 96.50% have no children. There was also a predominance of females (63.50%). Most students do not have any paid work (59.30%), whether coming from work of scientific initiation scholarships or stipends. A large proportion live in public or private residences for students. Only 29.76% of the students reside with family. Additionally to the prevalence of stress, the stress phase and predominant symptomatology were also identified. The resistance phase and psychological symptoms were more prevalent (41.20% and 32.60% respectively), as well as higher prevalence of stress in females (56.20%), among students with less contact with family (59.70%) and who were living in private households (52.30%). It is also important to notice that 59.20% of students have felt the need for psychological care, which was directly related to the severity of the stress phase. It is important to conduct more studies, ample and adequate methodological rigor, preferably through longitudinal designs, which accompany the students along the academic career and to bring more robust results that confirm some of these data found / O ingresso no n?vel superior de ensino exige uma s?rie de adapta??es do estudante que favorece a experimenta??o de sintomas de estresse. Muitos alunos vivenciam a experi?ncia de morar sozinhos, com amigos ou pessoas desconhecidas. Alguns mudam de cidade, estado ou pa?s, enfrentando diferen?as culturais e a aus?ncia da fam?lia. Al?m disso, ? preciso compreender o sistema de ensino, lidar com professores diferentes, com press?es diversas, com as d?vidas sobre o curso, ou seja, ? necess?rio aprender a lidar com a rotina acad?mica. Neste sentido, o estresse em n?veis elevados, pode comprometer a sa?de f?sica e psicol?gica do aluno, interferindo no bom andamento da sua vida acad?mica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revis?o sistem?tica da literatura sobre preval?ncia de estresse entre os estudantes universit?rios e avaliar a preval?ncia de stress, atrav?s do Invent?rio de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp (ISSL), nos estudantes da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, relacionando-a com vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas obtidas atrav?s de um question?rio estruturado. Os resultados s?o apresentados atrav?s de dois artigos inseridos nesta disserta??o. No primeiro artigo, verificou-se, atrav?s de uma revis?o sistem?tica, que a literatura internacional apresenta uma preval?ncia de 36,3% a 95,7% de estresse nos estudantes universit?rios. Observou-se que h? pouca homogeneidade entre as pesquisas, ora utilizando-se de instrumentos diferentes, ora avaliando amostras muito diversificadas, o que dificulta a compara??o entre os estudos. J? no segundo artigo, utilizando-se um desenho de pesquisa transversal, foram inquiridos 635 estudantes de ambos os sexos, numa amostragem representativa por curso, com cerca de 8% do universo estudado, onde foi identificada uma preval?ncia de 50% de stress. A amostra ? caracterizada por ter em sua maior parte estudantes solteiros (90,20%), com idade m?dia de 22 anos (DP=3,96), sendo que 96,50% n?o t?m filhos. Verificou-se tamb?m o predom?nio de sexo feminino (63,50%). A maioria dos estudantes n?o possui quaisquer atividades remuneradas (59,30%), sejam elas advindas do trabalho, de bolsas de inicia??o cient?fica ou ajuda de custo. Uma grande parcela mora em rep?blicas e alojamentos estudantis. Apenas 29,76% dos estudantes residem com a fam?lia. Al?m da preval?ncia de estresse, foram tamb?m identificadas as fases e a sintomatologia mais presente. A fase de resist?ncia e a sintomatologia psicol?gica foram mais predominantes (41,20% e 32,60% respectivamente), assim como houve maior preval?ncia de stress no sexo feminino (56,20%), entre alunos com menor contato com a fam?lia (59,70%) e que residiam em resid?ncias privadas (52,30%). ? importante destacar tamb?m que 59,20% dos alunos j? sentiram necessidade de atendimento psicol?gico, o que estava diretamente relacionado ? gravidade da fase de stress. ? importante que se realize mais estudos, amplos e com rigor metodol?gico adequado, preferencialmente atrav?s de desenhos longitudinais, que acompanhem os estudantes ao longo da trajet?ria acad?mica e que tragam resultados mais robustos que confirmem alguns destes dados encontrados.
2

Estudantes universit?rios em contextos emergentes : experi?ncias de participantes da pol?tica de a??o afirmativa na UFRGS

Erig, Marisa Helena 21 January 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-05-17T11:32:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_MARISA_HELENA_ERIG_COMPLETO.pdf: 1708712 bytes, checksum: 20bf5698489822f0041f4de782fa119f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-17T11:32:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_MARISA_HELENA_ERIG_COMPLETO.pdf: 1708712 bytes, checksum: 20bf5698489822f0041f4de782fa119f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-21 / Over the last two decades there has been a significant expansion of Brazilian higher education in terms of the following aspects: number of institutions, creation of new courses and higher enrollment rates, as well as higher completion rates. Part of this growth has gone together with general policies in order to promote social inclusion, especially a share of the population historically strange to that educational level. The access democratization has granted students from popular society layers a way in through a policy of quotas at federal institutions and through the program ?Universidade para Todos? at private institutions. The present study aimed at investigating the adaptation of such students to university demands, as well as their permanence at those institutions. This study has taken higher education on an affirmative action, the quotas, and students? permanence in the course at a federal institution (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS), through a quotas student point of view. The theoretical methodological orientation to analyse UFRGS?s ?Programa de A??es Afirmativas? (Affirmative Actions Program) was based on the policy cycle approach: influence context, text production context, and practice context, by Stephen Ball and Richard Bowe. The semi-structured investigation used as a model the principles of discursive textual analysis, and approached emerging categories. The first of them, the student's sociocultural context, revealed the students? profile as a first generation ones. It has also been observed the students? and their families? position toward higher education. When taken into account, educational background, from preparation to the enrollment, permanence willingness, teacher?s influences in the learning process and student?s academic performance, it?s noticeable how challenging it can be for these students to stay at university. Ultimately, this study highlights quotas students? perceptions on the university?s Affirmative Actions program, thus showing that students understand the quotas program as a way into higher education and as way of social mobility. Nonetheless, these students also related they have suffered veiled discrimination in the academic community due to their quotas access to the university. When evaluating the quotas policy students agree on the need for adjustments to the system, taking into account the quotas student?s profile. As a conclusion we notice students see the quotas policy at university as a way in and also not enough to grant permanence. / Nas duas ?ltimas d?cadas, houve uma significativa expans?o da educa??o superior brasileira em rela??o aos seguintes aspectos: n?mero de institui??es, cria??o de novos cursos e aumento de ingressantes, de matr?culas e de concluintes. Parte do crescimento esteve em sintonia com as pol?ticas globais para promover a inclus?o social, em especial o acesso de grupos historicamente exclu?dos deste n?vel educacional. A democratiza??o do acesso possibilitou o ingresso de estudantes oriundos de camadas populares por meio de uma pol?tica de reserva de vagas em institui??es federais e do Programa Universidade para Todos em institui??es particulares. O presente estudo teve a inten??o investigar a adapta??o dos estudantes cotistas ?s exig?ncias da universidade, tendo como problema de pesquisa a perman?ncia dos estudantes ingressantes pela reserva de vagas. Abordamos a pol?tica de a??o afirmativa na educa??o superior, a reserva de vagas para ingresso e a perman?ncia, em uma institui??o federal, a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), pela ?tica do estudante benefici?rio dessa pol?tica. A orienta??o te?rico-metodol?gica para analisar o Programa de A??es Afirmativas na UFRGS teve como referencial a abordagem do ciclo de pol?ticas: contexto de influ?ncia, contexto de produ??o de texto e contexto da pr?tica, formulada por Stephen Ball e Richard Bowe. A investiga??o por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas teve como modelo de an?lise os princ?pios da an?lise textual discursiva, sendo levantadas categorias emergentes. A primeira delas, o contexto sociocultural dos estudantes, revelou o perfil dos alunos como estudantes de primeira gera??o. Tamb?m observamos o posicionamento da fam?lia e do aluno em rela??o ao ingresso na educa??o superior. Ao abordar a trajet?ria de forma??o, desde a prepara??o para o ingresso, a persist?ncia na perman?ncia, a influ?ncia do professor no processo ensino-aprendizagem e no desempenho acad?mico do aluno, percebemos os desafios enfrentados pelos estudantes para manterem-se na universidade. Por fim, ressaltamos a percep??o dos alunos cotistas em rela??o ao Programa de A??es Afirmativas da universidade, mostrando que os estudantes vislumbram as cotas como via de acesso ? educa??o superior e como possibilidade de mobilidade social, n?o deixando de relatarem, por outro lado, a discrimina??o, ainda que de forma velada, dentro da comunidade universit?ria. Na avalia??o da pol?tica de cotas, os estudantes apontam a necessidade de ajustes, levando em considera??o o perfil do aluno cotista. Conclu?mos que os estudantes entrevistados percebem a pol?tica de cotas na universidade como necess?ria para o ingresso e insuficiente para a perman?ncia.

Page generated in 0.0662 seconds