Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-18T11:35:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Reinaldo Augusto de Oliveira Ramos.pdf: 4385963 bytes, checksum: 2f3c319e5e8683bc29abfb9359b1a73f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-18T11:35:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Reinaldo Augusto de Oliveira Ramos.pdf: 4385963 bytes, checksum: 2f3c319e5e8683bc29abfb9359b1a73f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo / This research aims to examine and analyze the evolution of the concept of linear television in the digital age and the impact that Netflix TV is provoking with Internet distribution of audiovisual content for streaming services. It intends to check how digital technology changes the transmission and distribution of video services, transforming the relationship between consumers and the traditional television industry. In this new paradigm, we have to understand how this mediation is transforming the experience and the perception of its subscribers, when media are understood as “extensions” of the body, taking also in consideration that hybridization or cross media completely changes the landscape of media industries, at times causing the extinction of these media, as in the case of the telegraph, and more recently of the music industry. Netflix took advantage of the opportunities of this new scenario, providing content in almost every screen. The television industry was slow to move in that direction. In this new scenario, we are witnessing the clash between the analog old TVs, cable and open, and new internetTVs, with Netflix as its greatest exponent and a present threat to the old linear programming model. The conclusion suggests a scenario for the emerging television and possible ways of development for this sector. Authors such as Henry Jenkins (2008), Amanda Lotz (2014), Chris Anderson (2006; 2009), Marshall McLuhan (1964/2005) e Lucia Santaella (2007) are the basis of the theoretical framework / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo de pesquisa examinar e analisar a evolução do conceito de televisão linear na era digital e o impacto produzido pelo serviço Netflix, “televisão por internet”, que distribui conteúdo audiovisual por streaming. Pretende verificar como as mudanças tecnológicas digitais de transmissão e distribuição de conteúdo televisivo vêm transformando as relações entre consumidores e a indústria de televisão tradicional. Sendo este um novo paradigma, trata-se de compreender: (a) como essa mediação vem modificando a experiência e a percepção de seus assinantes e usuários, na medida em que os novos serviços funcionam como “extensões” do próprio corpo; (b) como a hibridização ou cruzamento dos meios muda completamente o panorama das indústrias de mídia, por vezes causando até mesmo sua extinção, como ocorreu com o telégrafo e, mais recentemente, com a indústria fonográfica. A Netflix aproveitou as oportunidades desse novo cenário para disponibilizar seu conteúdo em praticamente todas as telas. Já a indústria de televisão demorou a se movimentar nessa direção. Com esse novo panorama, estamos presenciando o embate entre as antigas tevês analógicas, a cabo e aberta, e as novas tevês por internet, que têm na Netflix seu maior expoente, surgindo como ameaça ao antigo modelo de programação linear. Por fim, discute o cenário para onde caminha a emergente televisão, além das possibilidades de desenvolvimento para esse setor. Autores como Henry Jenkins (2008), Amanda Lotz (2014), Chris Anderson (2006; 2009), Marshall McLuhan (1964/2005) e Lucia Santaella (2007) são utilizados como referencial teórico

Στη διατριβή εξετάζουμε προβλήματα που σχετίζονται με τη μετάδοση δεδομένων με υψηλές απαιτήσεις σε εύρος ζώνης και προτείνουμε λύσεις, αλγόριθμους, τεχνικές βελτίωσης της απόδοσης, και εφαρμογές που τις υλοποιούν. Για την περίπτωση του προβλήματος της μετάδοσης βίντεο κατ' απαίτηση (Video on Demand - VoD), εξετάζουμε το πρόβλημα της αποδοχής ή της απόρριψης αιτήσεων για μετάδοση ταινιών χωρίς να υπάρχει γνώση των μελλοντικών αιτήσεων. Παρουσιάζουμε έναν, άμεσης απόκρισης (online), πιθανοτικό αλγόριθμο χρονοπρογραμματισμού ταινιών που εκμεταλλεύεται την γνώση για την κατανομή των προτιμήσεων των αιτήσεων για ταινίες, και αποδεικνύουμε πως έχει ανταγωνιστικό λόγο (competitive ratio) που φράσσεται άνω από σταθερά. Επίσης, δείχνουμε πως η μέθοδος μας μπορεί να επεκταθεί σε ένα προσαρμοζόμενο αλγόριθμο που δεν γνωρίζει την κατανομή των προτιμήσεων. Επίσης, προτείνουμε έναν τρόπο να εφαρμόσουμε μια υπηρεσία βίντεο κατ' απαίτηση για ένα, βασισμένο στο πρωτόκολλο IP, δίκτυο, με περιορισμένο εύρος ζώνης. Στη συνέχεια, εξετάζουμε ένα σχήμα ελέγχου και διαχείρισης του εύρους ζώνης και παρουσιάζουμε ορισμένες μεθόδους προκειμένου να αυξήσουμε την αποδοτικότητα του συστήματος και την εκμετάλλευση του διαθέσιμου εύρους ζώνης (bandwidth). Εξετάζουμε διάφορες τεχνικές και παρουσιάζουμε πειραματικά αποτελέσματα για την βελτίωση της απόδοσης. Επίσης, σχεδιάζουμε και υλοποιούμε μια υπηρεσία διαχείρισης εύρους ζώνης (Managed Bandwidth Service -- MBS). Τέλος παρουσιάζουμε μια ενοποιημένη προσέγγιση για την μετάδοση υπερμεσικών/πολυμεσικών αντικειμένων, τα οποία παρουσιάζονται με βάση προκαθορισμένα σενάρια παρουσίασης (με χωροχρονικές αλληλοεξαρτήσεις μεταξύ των διάφορων μέσων). Τα υπερμεσικά αντικείμενα δομούνται σύμφωνα με μία γλώσσα σηματοδότησης, μέσω της οποίας διατηρούνται πληροφορίες για τις χωρικές και χρονικές συσχετίσεις. Επίσης, υλοποιούμε ένα τέτοιο σύστημα μετάδοσης, που εφαρμόζουμε για εκπαίδευση από απόσταση. / In this thesis we investigate problems related to the transmission of data with high demands in terms of bandwidth, and we propose solutions, algorithms, techniques to increase performance, and applications that use them. For the case of the online video on demand problem, we investigate the problem of having to accept or reject a request for a movie without knowing the future requests. We present an online movie-scheduling scheme that exploits the knowledge of the distribution of the preference of requests for movies, and is shown to have a competitive ratio bounded above by a constant. We extend our approach by presenting an adaptive randomized scheduler which is not aware of the movie popularities. In the sequel we propose a way to implement a video on demand service over a limited bandwidth/best effort Internet based network. Ιn the sequel, we consider a bandwidth control scheme, and we present some methods to increase the efficiency of the system and the utilisation of the available bandwidth. We consider different techniques and we present experimental results for the increased performance. We, also, design and implement a Managed Bandwidth Service (MBS) . Finally, we present a unified approach for delivering hypermedia/multimedia objects, that are to be presented according to predefined scenarios (with spatial and temporal relationships between the various media). The hypermedia documents are structured using a hypermedia markup language that keeps information of the spatiotemporal relationships among document's media components. We, also, implement such a multimedia transmission system, and apply it to distance learning.

Techn. University, Diss., 2003--Darmstadt.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:51:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2806_1.pdf: 3483412 bytes, checksum: cab776dc5a3fdf07c8cda900906f6a98 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Aires Moreira, Josilene; Fawzi Hadj Sadok, Djamel. Cache strategies for internet-based video on-demand distribution. 2011. Tese (Doutorado). Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 2011.

La thèse compare des approches de politique publique en France, le Royaume Uni et les Etats Unis sur la convergence des services de télécommunications et de télévision-vidéo et formule des recommandations de politique publique. Elle commence par des changements évidents que la convergence projette sur tout l’écosystème TIC et explique comment elle permet de changer la relation entre les opérateurs de télécom et les fournisseurs de contenu. La thèse propose de nouvelles idées dans plusieurs domaines de connaissance liées à la convergence des télécoms et télévision-vidéo, tels que les effets verticaux, les offres groupées, la neutralité du réseau et le rôle des fournisseurs OTT. D’un côté, elle formule des recommandations très précises sur le traitement futur de ces aspects dans le nouvel environnement convergent et, de l’autre côté, fournit un panorama général qui essaie de capter les tendances les plus importantes du phénomène de convergence.Le chapitre introductif formule la question de recherche et les sous-questions. Il établit également la raison pour laquelle ces questions sont pertinentes ainsi que la méthode à utiliser. Le Chapitre 2 sur les développements historiques, décrit les cadres réglementaires et de la concurrence présents et passés, par rapport à la concurrence dans les télécoms et la télévision-vidéo, dans les trois pays.Le Chapitre 3 sur les effets verticaux fournit une analyse comparée des décisions de régulation et du droit de la concurrence dans les services télévision payante et de la vidéo. Il va au delà de l’analyse des décisions des concentrations et inclut toutes les décisions de régulation et antitrust pertinentes de 1996 à 2015. Même si le chapitre couvre aussi une revue de la théorie économique sur les effets verticaux, appliquée aux marchés de la vidéo, il essaie d’identifier les différentes approches des autorités dans l’application de la théorie économique.Le Chapitre 4 porte sur les offres groupées 3-play et 4-play. La première partie se focalise sur la perception des consommateurs des offres groupées. Le chapitre utilise un modèle de prix hédoniques des offres 3-play et 4-play dans les trois pays. Un effort particulier a été fait pour développer des indicateurs de qualité plus sophistiqués pour le composant télévision payante. La deuxième partie porte sur les incitations des entreprises pour vendre des offres groupées en fonction de leurs indicateurs financiers principaux. Cette partie fournit une analyse préliminaire des incitations des opérateurs à fournir des offres groupées.Le Chapitre 5 sur la neutralité du réseau présente les éléments principaux du débat sur la neutralité du réseau. Un chapitre indépendant sur la neutralité se justifie par: i) la pertinence globale du débat sur la neutralité du réseau, ii) l’importance croissante de la fourniture des services de vidéo sur l’Internet, et iii) la condition de la neutralité du réseau comme lien entres les opérateurs de télécom et les fournisseurs de contenu.Le chapitre 6 regarde un des aspects les plus distinctifs de la convergence des services de télécom et de la vidéo: l’émergence des fournisseurs de vidéo online (over-the-top) qui ne sont pas issus des acteurs traditionnels de l’industrie de la télévision ou de la vidéo. La thèse, comme la plupart des autorités de la concurrence, a une perception positive du rôle des OTT comme moteurs de la concurrence et propose que leur développement soit privilégié. Le chapitre essaie d’identifier les barrières principales pour le développement des OTT.Le chapitre final (chapitre 7) résume les conclusions de la thèse et formule des recommandations de politiques publiques, que les pays sont encouragés à évaluer. Ces recommandations résument le contenu des autres chapitres et rajoutent des détails supplémentaires sur les changements législatifs et institutionnels que seraient nécessaires pour les mettre en oeuvre. / This dissertation compares public policy approaches in France, the United Kingdom and the Untied States in relation to convergence between telecommunications and television/video services and puts forward policy recommendations. It starts from the evident changes that convergence is spreading throughout the ICT ecosystem and how it is changing the relationship between telecommunication operators and content providers. The dissertation provides new thinking in a number of areas relating to convergence of telecommunications and television/video services, such as vertical effects, bundling behaviour, network neutrality or the role of OTT video providers. The dissertation aims, on one hand, at formulating very precise recommendation as to how these aspects should be treated in the new convergent environment and, on other hand, at provider a comprehensive view that captures the big picture of the convergence phenomenon.The introductory chapter formulates the research question and sub-questions, why these questions are relevant and the methodology used and Chapter 2 on historical developments describes past and current policy and regulatory frameworks, in relation to competition in telecommunication and television/video services, in the three countriesChapter 3 on vertical effects provides a comparative analysis of competition law and regulatory decision in relation to competition in pay-television/video services. It not only contains merger decisions but also all the relevant regulatory and antitrust decisions between 1996 and 2015. While this chapter also includes to some extent a review of state-of-the-art economic theory on vertical effects, applied to video markets, it aims at identifying the different approaches taken by the authorities in applying economic theory.Chapter 4 addresses bundling of telecommunication and video services, in particular 3-play and 4-play bundles. The first section focuses on customers’ perception of bundled services. This has been modelled through a hedonic price analysis of 3- and 4-play bundles in the three countries. A significant effort has been made to develop more sophisticated quality indicators for this component. The second section focuses on firms’ incentives to sell 3-play communication bundles as a function of their main financial indicators. This section contains a preliminary analysis of operators’ incentives to bundle.Chapter 5 on network neutrality presents the main elements of the network neutrality debate. A standalone chapter on network neutrality is justified based on: i) the global relevance of the network neutrality debate, ii) its importance for the delivery of video services over the Internet and iii) network neutrality’s nature of conceptual link between video and communication services.Chapter 6 examines one of distinctive aspects of convergence of video and telecommunication services: the emergence of online (or over-the-top) video providers which do not come from the traditional television or video industry. This dissertation, as most competition authorities, welcomes the role of OTTs as competition promoters and suggests that the development of these players should be incentivised.The final chapter (Chapter 7) summarises the dissertation’s conclusions and formulates policy recommendations, for countries to consider. These recommendations summarise the content of the rest of the chapters and provide additional details on the legislative and institutional changes that would be needed to implement them.

This paper focuses on the changes in distribution of television content which emerged during the process of convergence between television and digital media. Nowadays it is possible not only to access television broadcasting online, but also to access individual programs through Video on Demand services. The precondition this topic was picked on is that the very existence of such services has a direct impact on the form of today's television broadcasting. Therefore the aim of this paper is to examine and describe alterations which can be found not only in the broadcasting itself but also in receiving of that broadcasting on television screens. The latter can be affected by the existence of HbbTV. The analysis and description of changes in broadcasting and receiving television content in Czech republic are the primary focuses of this paper.

The master’s thesis deals with testing the application protocol HLS and RTSP in JMeter program. The aim of this thesis is to design and implement a test modules for both protocols, which will perform stress tests. The first part of thesis describes the types of stress tests, JMeter program for performance testing and video on demand services. Next chapter describes selected protokols, especially HLS and RTSP, which are used in this thesis. The practical part contains the design and implementation of test modules including test plans. Finally, the results are processed and commented.

Denna studie undersöker olika faktorer som påverkar livestreaming ur mottagare-, sändare- samt teoretiskt perspektiv. För att därigenom skapa en ökad kunskap gällande dess användande och engagemang. Under processen har grundad teori använts som forskningsperspektiv och både kvalitativa intervjuer och fokusgrupper har genomförts. Resultatet visar att där är viktiga steg för att skapa engagemang. Medvetenhet, där mottagaren görs medveten om företaget via spridning. Intresse, där ett intresse skapas med hjälp av innehållet men där vaksamhet bör tas gällande Fear of Missing out respektive Video-On-Demand och dess inverkan på mottagaren. Interaktion och engagemang, där en dialog skapas med mottagaren och en gemenskap byggs upp där publiken är deltagande. Dessa steg leder till lojalitet och förespråkare som är villiga att sprida företaget och dess innehåll vidare. Slutsatsen konstaterar att dessa steg borde ses som en cirkel istället för en trappa. Vilket betyder att alla är lika viktiga delar i att skapa ett engagemang. De bygger även vidare på varandra och det sista steget är inte slutresultatet utan bör ses som en pågående process som leder oss tillbaka till första steget. / This study seeks to explore the motives behind livestreaming from a sender-, receiver- and theoretical perspective. With the aim to create a better understanding for receiver engagement and sender usage. During the process, grounded theory was used as research method and both qualitative interviews and focus groups were implied. The results show that there are important steps to create engagement. Aware, where you make the receiver know about you through coverage. Interest, where you create an interest with the content your making but also watch out for the impact Fear of Missing out and Video-On-Demand might have on the receiver. Interaction and engagement, where you create a dialogue with the receiver and build a community where the audience is participating. These steps lead to loyalty and advocates who are willing to spread you and your content further. In conclusion, these steps are to be approached as a circle rather than a ladder. Meaning that they are all important components of creating engagement. They build on each other and the last step is not the end result but an ongoing progress leading us back to step one.

This thesis describes the phenomena of interactive television, focusing on the development of this technology in the United Kingdom which is considered the country with the largest development of this technology. The thesis starts by defining interactive television as such, dividing it into three main categories. Aside of that a short overview of the evolution of television broadcasting in the United Kingdom is presented, and the term Convergence is explained as it is a crucial one for many of the interactive applications. The second part consists of a case study of evolution of interactive television in the United Kingdom. As it tries to answer the main research question - which technological phases must have happened in the transition from linear to interactive television - the thesis divides interactive television into five main phases. The first phase occurs in the analogue broadcasting era, with Teletext as the first instance of "on demand", and first instance of convergence by using telephone. The second phase starts around 1998 with the start of digitalisation. The new technology allows the providers to launch several new forms of interactivity, such as the walled garden, first applications and others. The third phase, starting around 2002 can be seen as the acceptance of interactivity as a...

This diploma thesis focuses on the news server Seznam Zprávy. Its goal is to find out, how the server established in the period of the first two years since its creation in October 2016. The goal of the work is to describe the specifics of online media and the Internet, which users are able to access not only from technologies such as computer or mobile devices, but also within smart TVs in the form of HbbTV. The main aim of the analytical part is to find out how this news server established itself within the Czech media landscape. The main factor the interest of the audience and the frequency of citations of the diary in other Czech media. News server Seznam Zprávy is compared with other, currently most popular, Czech news online journals: iDNES, Novinky, Denik, Aktualne, Lidovky and iRozhlas. This thesis offers statistics of data about traffic and the numbers of real users available from the NetMonitor.cz. Based on them, it is determined what success the server Seznam Zprávy for the first two years of the audience recorded. In the role of other indicators are the number of citations in other media. Overview of this data has been provided by the online media archive of Newton Media. The last indicator is the interest in social profiles of the medium on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter.