abstract: The topos of home is fraught with ideological baggage. This piece works alongside others that labor to rework home as a space for rhetorical topos. I spend the majority of my text analyzing three books from which I explicate the topos of "home." These books are Mike Rose's 1989 work Lives on the Boundary: A Moving Account of the Struggles and Achievements of American's Educational Underclass, Victor Villanueva's 1993 Bootstraps: From and American Academic of Color, and Ellen Cushman's 1998 The Struggle and the Tools: Oral and Literate Strategies in an Inner City Community. I've chosen these books for two interrelated reasons. First, these texts aided in establishing working-class rhetoric as a field of study within the paradigm of rhetoric and composition. And second, in their individual ways, each of these books is anchored in a profound sense of "home." Each of the texts also experiments and resists scholarly conventions to include some autobiographical passages. Central to these passages is the topos of home, a theme that both enriches the author's autobiographical account and informs his or her theory forwarded in that work. These features add fruitful theory building to both the authors' individual texts and the paradigm as a whole. I ground my work in working-class theory, analyzing the work of Steve Parks, Nick Pollard and Nancy Welch, alongside scholarship that analyzes those labeled as "other" in higher-level academia. The stories that Parks, Pollard and Welch quote, the works of Rose, Villanueva, Cushman and even myself, all work toward discussing and creating not only a "home" for working-class academics but also room for more working-class research and theory-building. As I argue in this project, through these very acts of rhetorical/scholarly experimentation, Rose, Villanueva, and Cushman defied conventional standards for what counts as "good scholarship" in order to initiate a scholarly trajectory for working-class rhetoric in the academy. These authors' discussions of the "home" -specifically personal and political references to working-class homes--were instrumental tools in creating a public homeplace and space for further working-class theory building for rhetoricians in our field. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. English 2012

Esta dissertação pretende investigar, por meio de análise comparativa entre a segunda expansão do Museu de Belas Artes de Caracas – MBAC (1966-76), de Carlos Raúl Villanueva, e o bloco esportivo do Sesc Pompeia (1976-86), de Lina Bo Bardi, o uso da parede portante em concreto armado como solução estrutural em arquiteturas de porte especial desenvolvidas na América Latina na segunda metade do século XX. A seleção desses dois exemplares, dentre os que compõem o extenso e relevante corpo de trabalho de Villanueva e Bo Bardi, deve-se ao fato de ambos valerem-se do uso do concreto armado em paredes portantes e lajes nervuradas que vencem vãos não usuais, superpostas em mais de um pavimento. Apesar de bastante publicados, tanto Museu quanto Sesc carecem de representações completas e precisas. Este trabalho busca preencher essa lacuna por meio da apresentação inédita dos projetos executivos dos dois edifícios – plantas baixas, cortes, elevações e perspectivas isométricas, redesenhados com base nos documentos originais. Além disso, a presente pesquisa busca aproximar as duas obras por meio de análise aprofundada e comparativa, acompanhada por farto material iconográfico, a fim de traçar possíveis paralelos entre as produções arquitetônicas desenvolvidas na Venezuela e no Brasil durante o século XX. O trabalho não almeja esgotar as possibilidades de interpretação dessas arquiteturas, mas sim explorar determinadas questões que possam servir de base para eventuais estudos futuros, enquanto auxilia no reconhecimento e na documentação dos exemplares em questão. / This dissertation aims to investigate, through a comparative analysis between the second expansion of the Museum of Fine Arts of Caracas – MBAC (1966-76), by Carlos Raúl Villanueva, and the Sesc Pompeia sports squad (1976-86), by Lina Bo Bardi, the use of the load-bearing wall in reinforced concrete as a structural solution in large scale architectures developed in Latin America in the second half of the 20th century. The selection of these two projects, within Villanueva and Bo Bardi’s extensive and relevant body of work, is due to the fact that both use the reinforced concrete in load-bearing walls and coffered slabs with unusual spans, in high-rise buildings. Although widely published, both Museum and Sesc lack complete and accurate representations. This work seeks to fill this gap through the unprecedented presentation of the executive projects of the two buildings – floor plans, sections, elevations and isometric perspectives, redrawn based on the original documents. In addition, the present research seeks to bring the two works closer together through in-depth and comparative analysis, accompanied by abundant iconographic material, in order to compare the architectural productions developed in Venezuela and Brazil during the 20th century. This work does not seek to exhaust the possibilities of interpretation of these architectures, but rather to explore certain questions that may serve as a basis for future studies, while helping to recognize and document the two buildings.

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A pesquisa lança uma reflexão sobre a construção do conceito de Unidade de Vizinhança por Clarence Perry (1872 - 1944), em estreita relação com a noção de comunidade desenvolvida pela Escola de Chicago de sociologia. Explora também a circulação deste conceito através das redes profissionais e publicações do período analisando as apropriação da Unidade de Vizinhança nos discursos e nas práticas de arquitetos atuantes na América Latina no segundo pós-guerra através de suas trajetórias, produção intelectual e planos urbanos. O foco recai nos movimentos de circulação, recepção deste conceito e suas apropriações nos planos urbanos e projetos concebidos por Josep Lluís Sert (1902-1983) na Colômbia, Carlos Raúl Villanueva (1900-1975) na Venezuela e Affonso Eduardo Reidy (1909-1964) no Brasil entre os anos 1945 e 1958. Momento em que a América Latina passa a ser alvo de olhares de arquitetos e críticos de arquitetura e urbanismo modernos, vistos ora como desvios dos preceitos modernistas, ora como singularidades inovadoras. Contudo, é o momento em que a América Latina é sobretudo um espaço de circulação de profissionais estrangeiros, sejam como consultores, migrantes que se estabelecem, viajantes etc, que intensificam os contatos e trocas culturais. O trabalho localiza o debate teórico e conceitual que embasa as proposições urbanísticas acerca do conceito de Unidade de Vizinhança, seu deslocamento do campo sociológico para o urbanístico e sua formalização diante da relevância que o tema assume no debate urbanístico no segundo pós-guerra. / This research aims to reflect on the concept of Neighborhood Unit, constructed by Clarence Perry (1872 - 1944) in relation to Sociological School of Chicago\'s notion of community, and investigates how this concept has been circulated, adapted and appropriated in Latin American cities after the Second World War, through the discourses and practices of architects. Our focus is the reception of the concept in the context of urbanistic debates, as it becomes an instrument in urban plans conceived by Josep Lluís Sert (1902-1983) in Colombia, Carlos Raúl Villanueva (1900-1975) in Venezuela and Affonso Eduardo Reidy (1909-1964) in Brazil between 1945 and 1958. At that time, Latin America attracted the interest of architects and critics of architecture and modern urbanism, as the region presented both \"deviations\" of modernist principles and innovative singularities, becoming a space of circulation, intensified contacts and cultural exchanges for foreign professionals. This project intends to locate the theoretical and conceptual debate underlying the urban propositions around the concept of Neighborhood Unit, its formalization and displacement from the sociological research field to urban, considering the importance, it is given in the urban debate in the post-World War II years.