Thesis (D. Min.)--Mid-America Baptist Theological Seminary, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-153).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Mid-America Baptist Theological Seminary, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-153).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Mid-America Baptist Theological Seminary, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-153).

Both the physiological and biochemical control of budburst in the grapevine, Vitis Vinifera L. were investigated. It was found that the accuracy of a predictive model for grapevine budburst based on ambient temperature was limited under the experimental conditions. There was a significant correlation of 4.7 ± 0.3 days between the days of maximal xylem exudation and budburst over the 3 years of investigation. The co-relationships between daily xylem exudate volume and a range of environmental parameters were considered. It was found that soil temperature was highly correlated against daily xylem exudation. Ambient temperature and soil moisture were significantly correlated with xylem exudation, however the coefficients of correlation were much lower than that of soil temperature. Rainfall showed only a very limited correlation with daily xylem exudate flow. Seasonal variations in the pH and the carbohydrate and inorganic nutrient concentrations of xylem exudate were investigated. Exudate carbohydrate concentrations fell from 660 µM before the day of maximal xylem exudation to zero levels within 4 weeks. Xylem exudate pH was found to consistently fall to a minimum at the time of maximal exudate flow. Exudate concentrations of the metallic cofactors Ca, K, Mg, Mn and Zn varied directly with daily exudate flow, suggesting some sort of flow-dependent mobilisation of these nutrients. A growth promontory oligosaccharide fraction was prepared by partial acid hydrolysis of grapevine primary cell wall material. This fraction significantly increased control growth of the Lemna minor L. bioassay over a limited ‘window’ of bioactivity. A growth inhibitory oligosaccharide fraction, similar in activity to abscisic acid was isolated from grapevine xylem exudate prior to budburst. The exudate concentration or efficacy of this substance declined after budburst such that there was no apparent growth inhibition. A model is proposed for grapevine budburst whereby an oligosaccharide growth inhibitor is gradually removed from the xylematic stream under the effects of soil temperature, allowing the surge of metabolic activity and vegetative growth that constitute budburst.

This dissertation examines and evaluates the preaching and pastoral ministry of Charles Jerry Vines as a model of evangelistic focus. Chapter 1 introduces the preaching and pastoral ministry of Jerry Vines as a model of evangelistic focus. The author addresses the broad concern of the evangelistic ineffectiveness of the Southern Baptist Convention and then establishes warrant for the particular qualities of Vines' preaching and pastoral ministries in regard to their connection to his evangelistic results. Chapter 2 provides a biography of Charles Jerry Vines. Since very little biographical information has ever been formally collected on his life and ministry, this dissertation gives considerable attention to a thorough treatment of these matters. This chapter delves into the significant details of Vines' life to establish him as a worthy model of evangelistic focus. Chapter 3 presents the theological framework that guides his methodology of evangelism. This chapter both describes and evaluates his theological underpinnings. It focuses on his views of theological method, revelation, atonement, pneumatology, soteriology, and eschatology. Chapter 4 offers an overview of Vines' approach to expository preaching, focusing primarily on an element of his sermon structure that he calls an "evangelistic twist." It surveys how the twist is used in his preaching from texts that span from Genesis to Revelation. It discusses principles for the twist that lead a preacher to stay within the meaning of the text along with pitfalls to avoid while formulating the twist. Chapter 5 examines Vines' preaching and teaching through the book of Acts. The bases for this chapter are his most recent sermon series that he preached through the book of Acts along with his Sunday School Curriculum Acts Alive. It discusses Vines' hermeneutical method, his guarded prescriptive hermeneutic for Acts, whether or not his dispensational view weighs in on the book's application for personal evangelism, and a discussion of timeless truths pertinent to personal evangelism for the local church. Chapter 6 offers concluding remarks that summarize the most pertinent findings of my research. It discusses qualities of Vines' ministry worth emulating along with other matters of consideration.

No description available.

Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Metagenomic studies that make use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) generate large amounts of sequence data, representing the genomes of multiple organisms of which no prior knowledge is necessarily available. In this study, a metagenomic NGS approach was used to detect multiple novel mycoviral sequences in grapevine phloem tissue. Individual sequencing libraries of doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) from two grapevine leafroll diseased (GLD) and three shiraz diseased (SD) vines were sequenced using an Illumina HiScanSQ instrument. Over 3.2 million reads were generated from each of the samples and these reads were trimmed and filtered for quality before being de novo assembled into longer contigs. The assembled contigs were subjected to BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) analyses against the NCBI (National Centre for Biotechnology Information) database and classified according to database sequences with which they had the highest identity. Twenty-six putative mycovirus species were identified, belonging to the families Chrysoviridae, Endornaviridae, Narnaviridae, Partitiviridae and Totiviridae. Two of the identified mycoviruses, namely grapevine-associated chrysovirus (GaCV) and grapevine-associated mycovirus 1 (GaMV-1) have previously been identified in grapevine while the rest appeared to be novel mycoviruses not present in the NCBI database. Primers were designed from the de novo assembled mycoviral sequences and used to screen the grapevine dsRNA used for sequencing as well as endophytic fungi isolated from the five sample vines. Only two mycoviruses, related to sclerotinia sclerotiorum partitivirus S and chalara elegans endornavirus 1 (CeEV-1), could be detected in grapevine dsRNA and in fungus isolates. In order to validate the presence of mycoviruses in grapevine phloem tissue, two additional sequencing runs, using an Illumina HiScanSQ and an Applied Biosystems (ABI) SOLiD 5500xl instrument respectively, were performed. These runs generated more and higher quality sequence data than the first sequencing run. Twenty-two of the putative mycoviral sequences initially detected were detected in the subsequent sequence datasets, as well as an additional 29 species not identified in the first HiScanSQ sequence datasets. The samples harboured diverse mycovirus populations, with as many as 19 putative species identified in a single vine. This indicates that the complete virome of diseased grapevines will include a high number of mycoviruses. Additionally, the complete genome of a novel endornavirus, for which we propose the name grapevine endophyte endornavirus (GEEV), was assembled from one of the second HiScanSQ sequence datasets. This is the first complete genome of a mycovirus detected in grapevine. Grapevine endophyte endornavirus has the highest sequence similarity to CeEV-1 and is the same virus that was previously detected in fungus isolates using the mycovirus primers. The virus was detected in two fungus isolates, namely Stemphylium sp. and Aureobasidium pullulans, which is of interest since mycoviruses are not known to be naturally associated with two distinctly different fungus genera. Mycoviral sequence data generated in this study can be used to further investigate the diversity and the effect of mycoviruses in grapevine. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Metagenomiese studies, wat gebruik maak van volgende-generasie volgordebepalingstegnologie, het die vermoë om die genetiese samestelling van veelvoudige onbekende organismes te bepaal deurdat dit groot hoeveelhede data genereer. Die bogenoemde tegniek was in hierdie studie aangewend om aantal nuwe mikovirusse in die floëem weefsel van wingerd te identifiseer. Dubbelstring-RNS was gesuiwer vanuit twee druiwestokke met rolbladsiekte en drie met shirazsiekte en Illumina HiScanSQ instrument is gebruik om meer as 3.2 miljoen volgorde fragmente te genereer van elk van die monsters. Lae-kwaliteit volgordes was verwyder en die oorblywende kort volgorde fragmente was saamgestel om langer konstrukte te vorm wat met behulp van BLAST soektogte teen die NCBI databasis geïdentifiseer kon word. Ses-en-twintig mikovirus spesies, wat aan die families Chrysoviridae, Endornaviridae, Narnaviridae, Partitiviridae en Totiviridae behoort, was geïdentifiseer. Twee van die geïdentifiseerde mikovirusse, naamlik grapevine-associated chrysovirus (GaCV) en grapevine-associated mycovirus 1 (GaMV-1), was voorheen al in wingerd gekry terwyl die res nuwe mikovirusse is wat tans nie in die NCBI databasis voorkom nie. Inleiers was ontwerp vanaf die saamgestelde mikovirus basisvolgordes en gebruik om wingerd dubbelstring-RNS sowel as swamme wat vanuit die wingerd geïsoleer is te toets vir die teenwoordigheid van hierdie mikovirusse. Slegs twee mikovirusse, wat onderskeidelik verwant is aan sclerotinia sclerotiorum partitivirus S en chalara elegans endornavirus 1 (CeEV-1), kon deur middel van die inleiers in wingerd en swam isolate geïdentifiseer word. Twee addisionele volgordebepalingsreaksies, wat gebruik gemaak het van die Illumina HiScanSQ en ABI SOLiD 5500xl volgordebepalingsplatforms, was gebruik om die teenwoordigheid van mikovirusse in wingerd te bevestig. Groter hoeveelheid volgorde fragmente was geprodusser wat ook van hoër gehalte was as dié van die eerste volgordebepalingsreaksie. Twee-en-twintig mikovirus spesies kon weer geïdentifiseer word, sowel as 29 spesies wat nie in die eerste HiScanSQ basisvolgorde datastelle gevind was nie. Die wingerdstokke wat in hierdie studie ondersoek was, het hoë diversiteit van mikovirusse bevat aangesien daar tot 19 mikovirus spesies in enkele wingerdstok geïdentifiseer was. Dit is aanduiding dat volledige virus profiele van siek wingerdstokke aantal mikovirusse sal insluit. Die vollengte genoomvolgorde van voorheen onbekende endornavirus was saamgestel vanuit een van die tweede HiScanSQ volgorde datastelle. Dit is die eerste mikovirus wat in wingerd gevind word waarvan die volledige genoomvolgorde bepaal is en ons stel die naam grapevine endophyte endornavirus (GEEV) voor vir hierdie virus. Grapevine endophyte endornavirus is die naaste verwant aan CeEV-1 en is dieselfde virus wat voorheen in wingerd dubbelstring-RNS en swam isolate gevind was deur middel van die mikovirus inleiers. Swam isolate waarin GEEV gevind is, was geïdentifiseer as Stemphylium sp. en Aureobasidium pullulans. Dit is van belang dat GEEV in twee swam isolate gevind is wat aan verskillende genusse behoort aangesien hierdie verskynsel nog nie voorheen in die natuur gevind is nie. Mikovirus nukleiensuurvolgordes wat in hierdie studie bepaal was kan gebruik word in toekomstige studies om die verskeidenheid en impak van mikovirusse in wingerd verder te ondersoek. / National Research Foundation (NRF) / Stellenbosch University

As populações de Heliconius ethilla narcaea Godart (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) diferem quanto ao uso das plantas hospedeiras (passifloráceas) no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), utilizando preferencialmente Passiflora alata Dryander, na Depressão Central. Tal aspecto pode ter conseqüências para a performance de suas larvas, bem como resultar em mudanças ecológicocomportamentais. Por exemplo, inexistem estudos correspondentes para a região dos Campos de Cima da Serra, RS, cuja flora de passifloráceas é distinta. Neste estudo, foi quantificada uma população de adultos de H. ethilla narcaea na Floresta Nacional (Flona) de São Francisco de Paula, região de Floresta Ombrófila Mista, no período de março 2006 a maio 2007. Em condições de laboratório, testou-se a influência de sete espécies de Passiflora existentes no RS (P. alata, P. actinia, P. caerulea, P. capsularis, P. edulis, P. misera e P. suberosa) sobre a sobrevivência e tempo de desenvolvimento das larvas, e tamanho dos adultos. A preferência alimentar das larvas de primeiro e quinto ínstares também foi avaliada, utilizando-se discos foliares em testes de dupla escolha, quando criadas individualmente nas diferentes passifloráceas e, múltipla, quando criadas em P. alata. A indução correspondente foi determinada testando-se a preferência daquela espécie de maracujá utilizada na criação, comparada às demais, nos testes de escolha dupla. A sobrevivência foi maior em P. alata, P. caerulea, P. actinia, P. edulis e P. misera. O tempo de desenvolvimento larval foi menor na última e, o tamanho dos adultos, foi maior em P. edulis. Nos testes de dupla escolha, as larvas preferiram as plantas nas quais foram criadas, na maioria dos casos. Nos testes de múltipla escolha, houve preferência por P. edulis, P. misera, P. actinia, as quais conferiram um menor tempo no desenvolvimento das larvas. Assim, os dados sugerem que H. ethilla narcaea desenvolve-se satisfatoriamente em diversas espécies de passifloráceas, para as quais pode apresentar indução na preferência alimentar (aprendizado no estágio de larva). Dependendo da associação da variação quanti- e qualitativa destas hospedeiras ao comportamento de escolha das larvas (alimentação) por parte dos adultos (oviposição), o qual precisa ser testado, poderá haver especializações locais. Ou seja, a existência de indução na preferência alimentar no estágio de larva, efeito de Hopkins (influência da experiência da larva na escolha do adulto) e/ou aprendizado associativo das fêmeas quanto à espécie de hospedeira poderiam levar a uma diferenciação geográfica na evolução do uso das plantas hospedeiras por este heliconíneo. / In Rio Grande do Sul State (RS), Brazil, Heliconius ethilla narcaea Godart (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) populations varies in host plants use (Passifloraceae), using preferential Passiflora alata Dryander, in Central Depression. This would have consequences for larval performance, as well as resulting in ecological and behavioral changes. Corresponding studies in the Campos de Cima da Serra region, inexist. This region has a distinct of Passifloraceae flora. In this study, it was quantified a population of adults of H. ethilla narcaea in Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula, RS, region of Araucaria Forest, in March 2006 to May 2007. In laboratory conditions, it was tested the influence of seven species of Passiflora (P. alata, P. actinia, P. caerulea, P. capsularis, P. edulis, P. suberosa and P. misera) on larval performance and size of adults. Larval feeding preferences were evaluated through leaf disk, for first and fifth instars, using double choice tests, when created individually in different passion vines and, multiple, when created in P. alata. The corresponding induction was determined testing it preference of that passion vine species used in creation, compared with excessively, in double choice tests. Larval survivorship was greatest on P. alata, P. caerulea, P. actinia, P. edulis and P. misera. Development time was fewer in P. misera and, the size of adults, was better in P. edulis. In double choice tests, larvae preferred plants which they had been servants, in majority of cases. Larvae chose P. edulis, P. misera, P. actinia, on multiple choice tests, which conferred less development time. Thus, our data suggest that H. ethilla narcaea is developed satisfactorily in many species of Passifloraceae, for which can present induction of feeding preference (learning in the larval stage). Depending on association in qualitative and quantitative variation of these host plants to behavior of larval choice (feeding) on part of adults (oviposition), which need to be tested, will be able to have local specializations. The existence of induction in feeding preference in larval stage, Hopkins’ effect (influence of larval experience in the choice of adult) and/or associative learning of females in relation to host species could take a geographic differentiation in evolution of host plants use by this butterfly.

As populações de Heliconius ethilla narcaea Godart (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) diferem quanto ao uso das plantas hospedeiras (passifloráceas) no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), utilizando preferencialmente Passiflora alata Dryander, na Depressão Central. Tal aspecto pode ter conseqüências para a performance de suas larvas, bem como resultar em mudanças ecológicocomportamentais. Por exemplo, inexistem estudos correspondentes para a região dos Campos de Cima da Serra, RS, cuja flora de passifloráceas é distinta. Neste estudo, foi quantificada uma população de adultos de H. ethilla narcaea na Floresta Nacional (Flona) de São Francisco de Paula, região de Floresta Ombrófila Mista, no período de março 2006 a maio 2007. Em condições de laboratório, testou-se a influência de sete espécies de Passiflora existentes no RS (P. alata, P. actinia, P. caerulea, P. capsularis, P. edulis, P. misera e P. suberosa) sobre a sobrevivência e tempo de desenvolvimento das larvas, e tamanho dos adultos. A preferência alimentar das larvas de primeiro e quinto ínstares também foi avaliada, utilizando-se discos foliares em testes de dupla escolha, quando criadas individualmente nas diferentes passifloráceas e, múltipla, quando criadas em P. alata. A indução correspondente foi determinada testando-se a preferência daquela espécie de maracujá utilizada na criação, comparada às demais, nos testes de escolha dupla. A sobrevivência foi maior em P. alata, P. caerulea, P. actinia, P. edulis e P. misera. O tempo de desenvolvimento larval foi menor na última e, o tamanho dos adultos, foi maior em P. edulis. Nos testes de dupla escolha, as larvas preferiram as plantas nas quais foram criadas, na maioria dos casos. Nos testes de múltipla escolha, houve preferência por P. edulis, P. misera, P. actinia, as quais conferiram um menor tempo no desenvolvimento das larvas. Assim, os dados sugerem que H. ethilla narcaea desenvolve-se satisfatoriamente em diversas espécies de passifloráceas, para as quais pode apresentar indução na preferência alimentar (aprendizado no estágio de larva). Dependendo da associação da variação quanti- e qualitativa destas hospedeiras ao comportamento de escolha das larvas (alimentação) por parte dos adultos (oviposição), o qual precisa ser testado, poderá haver especializações locais. Ou seja, a existência de indução na preferência alimentar no estágio de larva, efeito de Hopkins (influência da experiência da larva na escolha do adulto) e/ou aprendizado associativo das fêmeas quanto à espécie de hospedeira poderiam levar a uma diferenciação geográfica na evolução do uso das plantas hospedeiras por este heliconíneo. / In Rio Grande do Sul State (RS), Brazil, Heliconius ethilla narcaea Godart (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) populations varies in host plants use (Passifloraceae), using preferential Passiflora alata Dryander, in Central Depression. This would have consequences for larval performance, as well as resulting in ecological and behavioral changes. Corresponding studies in the Campos de Cima da Serra region, inexist. This region has a distinct of Passifloraceae flora. In this study, it was quantified a population of adults of H. ethilla narcaea in Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula, RS, region of Araucaria Forest, in March 2006 to May 2007. In laboratory conditions, it was tested the influence of seven species of Passiflora (P. alata, P. actinia, P. caerulea, P. capsularis, P. edulis, P. suberosa and P. misera) on larval performance and size of adults. Larval feeding preferences were evaluated through leaf disk, for first and fifth instars, using double choice tests, when created individually in different passion vines and, multiple, when created in P. alata. The corresponding induction was determined testing it preference of that passion vine species used in creation, compared with excessively, in double choice tests. Larval survivorship was greatest on P. alata, P. caerulea, P. actinia, P. edulis and P. misera. Development time was fewer in P. misera and, the size of adults, was better in P. edulis. In double choice tests, larvae preferred plants which they had been servants, in majority of cases. Larvae chose P. edulis, P. misera, P. actinia, on multiple choice tests, which conferred less development time. Thus, our data suggest that H. ethilla narcaea is developed satisfactorily in many species of Passifloraceae, for which can present induction of feeding preference (learning in the larval stage). Depending on association in qualitative and quantitative variation of these host plants to behavior of larval choice (feeding) on part of adults (oviposition), which need to be tested, will be able to have local specializations. The existence of induction in feeding preference in larval stage, Hopkins’ effect (influence of larval experience in the choice of adult) and/or associative learning of females in relation to host species could take a geographic differentiation in evolution of host plants use by this butterfly.

As populações de Heliconius ethilla narcaea Godart (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) diferem quanto ao uso das plantas hospedeiras (passifloráceas) no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), utilizando preferencialmente Passiflora alata Dryander, na Depressão Central. Tal aspecto pode ter conseqüências para a performance de suas larvas, bem como resultar em mudanças ecológicocomportamentais. Por exemplo, inexistem estudos correspondentes para a região dos Campos de Cima da Serra, RS, cuja flora de passifloráceas é distinta. Neste estudo, foi quantificada uma população de adultos de H. ethilla narcaea na Floresta Nacional (Flona) de São Francisco de Paula, região de Floresta Ombrófila Mista, no período de março 2006 a maio 2007. Em condições de laboratório, testou-se a influência de sete espécies de Passiflora existentes no RS (P. alata, P. actinia, P. caerulea, P. capsularis, P. edulis, P. misera e P. suberosa) sobre a sobrevivência e tempo de desenvolvimento das larvas, e tamanho dos adultos. A preferência alimentar das larvas de primeiro e quinto ínstares também foi avaliada, utilizando-se discos foliares em testes de dupla escolha, quando criadas individualmente nas diferentes passifloráceas e, múltipla, quando criadas em P. alata. A indução correspondente foi determinada testando-se a preferência daquela espécie de maracujá utilizada na criação, comparada às demais, nos testes de escolha dupla. A sobrevivência foi maior em P. alata, P. caerulea, P. actinia, P. edulis e P. misera. O tempo de desenvolvimento larval foi menor na última e, o tamanho dos adultos, foi maior em P. edulis. Nos testes de dupla escolha, as larvas preferiram as plantas nas quais foram criadas, na maioria dos casos. Nos testes de múltipla escolha, houve preferência por P. edulis, P. misera, P. actinia, as quais conferiram um menor tempo no desenvolvimento das larvas. Assim, os dados sugerem que H. ethilla narcaea desenvolve-se satisfatoriamente em diversas espécies de passifloráceas, para as quais pode apresentar indução na preferência alimentar (aprendizado no estágio de larva). Dependendo da associação da variação quanti- e qualitativa destas hospedeiras ao comportamento de escolha das larvas (alimentação) por parte dos adultos (oviposição), o qual precisa ser testado, poderá haver especializações locais. Ou seja, a existência de indução na preferência alimentar no estágio de larva, efeito de Hopkins (influência da experiência da larva na escolha do adulto) e/ou aprendizado associativo das fêmeas quanto à espécie de hospedeira poderiam levar a uma diferenciação geográfica na evolução do uso das plantas hospedeiras por este heliconíneo. / In Rio Grande do Sul State (RS), Brazil, Heliconius ethilla narcaea Godart (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) populations varies in host plants use (Passifloraceae), using preferential Passiflora alata Dryander, in Central Depression. This would have consequences for larval performance, as well as resulting in ecological and behavioral changes. Corresponding studies in the Campos de Cima da Serra region, inexist. This region has a distinct of Passifloraceae flora. In this study, it was quantified a population of adults of H. ethilla narcaea in Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula, RS, region of Araucaria Forest, in March 2006 to May 2007. In laboratory conditions, it was tested the influence of seven species of Passiflora (P. alata, P. actinia, P. caerulea, P. capsularis, P. edulis, P. suberosa and P. misera) on larval performance and size of adults. Larval feeding preferences were evaluated through leaf disk, for first and fifth instars, using double choice tests, when created individually in different passion vines and, multiple, when created in P. alata. The corresponding induction was determined testing it preference of that passion vine species used in creation, compared with excessively, in double choice tests. Larval survivorship was greatest on P. alata, P. caerulea, P. actinia, P. edulis and P. misera. Development time was fewer in P. misera and, the size of adults, was better in P. edulis. In double choice tests, larvae preferred plants which they had been servants, in majority of cases. Larvae chose P. edulis, P. misera, P. actinia, on multiple choice tests, which conferred less development time. Thus, our data suggest that H. ethilla narcaea is developed satisfactorily in many species of Passifloraceae, for which can present induction of feeding preference (learning in the larval stage). Depending on association in qualitative and quantitative variation of these host plants to behavior of larval choice (feeding) on part of adults (oviposition), which need to be tested, will be able to have local specializations. The existence of induction in feeding preference in larval stage, Hopkins’ effect (influence of larval experience in the choice of adult) and/or associative learning of females in relation to host species could take a geographic differentiation in evolution of host plants use by this butterfly.