Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:18:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Capa.pdf: 17992 bytes, checksum: 3c71ef92a3a9b10e9f9ed1102745b9ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-03-16 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The proposal of the dissertation is an interchange between the New Cultural History and the Search for the Historical Jesus. The problems presented to the contemporary historiography by the Postmodernity, the question of subjectivity in the epistemological processes of historic construction and the recognition of the complexity of social actions, ask for a methodology that would find a way out of the dualism rationalism- irrationalism, the opposition between positivists approaches and the refusal to interpret historic objects. The project presents the Italian Microhistory as a solution to these Chimeras. Thus, the question for Jesus of Nazareth wont be initiated by theoretical schemes such as the permanent structures of the Mediterranean, the so called common Judaism , or the ethos of Lower Galilee but by the intensive, detailed observation of a significant microphenomenon of Jesus life, his symbolic demonstration at the Temple (Mk 11:15-19 and parallels). The microanalysis will skillfully multiply the symbolic action s causal relations and from them infer Jesus religious outlines and his relationship towards the Great Spiritual Center, Herod s Sanctuary. The variation between the macroscopic and microscopic observation scales will also be fundamental to the construction of plausible images of Jesus. Inferences on the cultural and religious context of Galilee will be experimented from Jesus micro-action the understanding that individuals are, in one way or another, representatives of whole historical periods and cultural layers won t be taken for granted. This project hypothesizes that Jesus demonstration at the Temple, far from being an attempt of purification, was the actualization of a mythic structure centered on Jeremiah 7 (a mitopraxis) guided by an archaic imaginary that pictures heaven as a temple. This imaginary was abundant in the literary images of apocalypticism and in the incipient mysticism that will lead to Hekhalot literature. As a final experiment, it will be proposed a connection between Jesus heaven-temple imaginary and his alleged visionary experiences of heavenly ascent. / A dissertação tem como proposta um intercâmbio entre a Nova História Cultural e a Pesquisa pelo Jesus Histórico. Os problemas colocados à historiografia atual pela pósmodernidade, a questão da subjetividade nos processos epistemológicos de construção histórica e a necessidade de reconhecimento da complexidade das ações sociais, pedem por uma metodologia que encontre uma saída à contraposição entre racionalismo e irracionalismo, entre o positivismo e a recusa em interpretar os objetos históricos. O projeto propõe a Micro- história italiana como tentativa de superar estas quimeras. A busca pelo Jesus de Nazaré funcionará assim não a partir de esquemas teóricos ge rais as estruturas permanentes do Mediterrâneo, o common judaism , ou o ethos da Baixa Galiléia mas pelo estudo fino, detalhado de um microfenômeno bastante representativo de Jesus, a sua demonstração simbólica no Templo narrada em Mc 11:15-19 e paralelos. A microanálise tratará de controlar a multiplicação da grande teia de relações causais da ação simbólica em Jerusalém e inferirá a partir delas que tipo de religioso foi Jesus e como se relacionou ao grande centro religioso do Santuário de Herodes. A variação entre as escalas microscópicas e macroscópicas de observação será também fundamental na construção das imagens plausíveis de Jesus. Inferências sobre o contexto cultural e religioso da Galiléia também serão experimentadas a partir da microação analisada o corolário de que os indivíduos são, de uma forma ou de outra, representativos de períodos históricos e de estratos culturais será levado bastante a sério. A hipótese do presente trabalho é a de que a demonstração de Jesus no Templo, longe de uma tentativa de purificação, fora a atualização de um estrutura mítica centrada em Jeremias 7 (uma mitopráxis) orientada pelo imaginário plurissecular do céu-templo, abundante nas imagens literárias da apocalíptica e no misticismo incipiente que culminará na literatura Hekhalot. Como experimento final, propor-se-á uma conexão entre supostas experiências visionárias de ascensão aos céus de Jesus de Nazaré e o seu imaginário do céu-templo.

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-115) / The purpose of this study is to critically analyse selected scholarly views on the visionary experiences during Jesus’ baptism. Modern scholars have different opinions about the reports in the New Testament on Jesus’ baptismal visionary phenomena. Some scholars interpreted the events as Jesus’ actual seeing or vision and others accept it as literary creations by the authors, to make sense of the reports on seeing and hearing that are hard to understand. Reports like a Spirit descending in the form of a dove are extraordinary for most people and pose interpretive challenges. The two distinct trends identified in the study of visionary experiences are those who take the text on the visions literally and those who see them as literary creations. There is a new trend in biblical scholarship, which is comparative and invokes insights from cross-cultural research in order to understand the accounts of the visions as altered states of consciousness (ASC). These views are also presented, compared and evaluated selecting three major views from modern New Testament scholars. Among the scholars identified, who take the baptism visions literally, are Dunn, Meier, Marcus, Hurtado, Borg and Webb. The scholars selected, who consider the baptism visions as literary creations, are Sanders, Crossan, Miller and Strijdom. The scholars, who contributed to the new development in interpreting the texts on visionary experiences as ASC, are Pilch, Davies and DeMaris. Pilch uses the theoretical model of ASC and understands it differently from those used by Davies and DeMaris on which they base their interpretations. A scientific explanation of ASC is built from theories about how the brain and culture, together, create certain states of consciousness. All these views are analysed based on the scholarly interpretations from the three definitive trends in the visions research, comparing the caretaker versus critical at a meta-analysis level. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M.A. (Biblical archaeology)