Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1987. / Vita. Bibliography: leaves [115]-121.

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Thesis (Ph.D. in Psychology)--S.M.U., 2007. / Title from PDF title page (viewed Nov. 19, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-11, Section: B, page: 7695. Adviser: Alan S. Brown. Includes bibliographical references.

The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on November 19, 2009). Thesis advisor: David Rees. Includes bibliographical references.

The primary aim of this study was to determine the visual gaze behaviour of sub-elite cricket batsmen when facing fast in-swing and out-swing bowling. To achieve the aim of this study, two main objectives were set: (1) to describe and compare the visual gaze behaviour of sub-elite cricket batsmen for both successful and unsuccessful trials irrespective of the ball faced; and (2) to describe and compare the visual gaze behaviour of sub-elite cricket batsmen for both in-swing and out-swing bowling trials irrespective of the outcome. The gaze behaviour characteristics were described and compared in terms areas of interest (AOI), number of fixations, duration of each fixation, starting and last fixation, and order of fixations. The study was pre-experimental in nature and utilised a quantitative approach. A One group post-test only design was followed in this study. A total of 13 batsmen were tested that met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study by means of purposive sampling. Four different variables were assessed: eye dominance, visual gaze behaviour, the speed of delivery and ambient light. No significant differences were found for the mean number and duration of fixations irrespective of the stroke outcome and the ball type faced. However, significant differences were obtained when specifically looking at the stroke outcome and the ball type faced. Results suggest that the AOI, upper body, arm/ ball release and pitch are considered as task relevant cues. Information appears to be acquired from the aforementioned AOI in a sequential manner to contribute to successful batting performance. In addition, batsmen should attempt to diminish the number of blinks at the end of trials to contribute towards more successful batting performance.

Visual attention is an important characteristic in the human vision system, which is capable of allocating the cognitive resources to the selected information. Many researchers are attracted to the study of this mechanism in the human vision system and have achieved a wide range of successful applications. Generally, there are two tasks encountered in the visual attention research including visual saliency detection and gaze estimation. The former is normally described as distinctiveness or prominence as a result of a visual stimulus. Given images or videos as input, saliency detection methods try to simulate the mechanism of human vision system, predicting and locating the salient parts in them. While the later involves physical device to track the eye movement and estimate the gaze points. As for saliency detection, it is an effective technique for studying and mimicking the mechanism of the human vision system. Most of saliency models can predict the visual saliency with the boundary or the rough location of the true salient object, but miss the appearance or shape information. Besides, they pay little attention to the image quality problem such as low-resolution or noises. To handle these problems, in this thesis, we propose to model the visual saliency from local and global perspectives for better detection of the visual saliency. The combination of the local and global saliency scheme employing different visual cues can make fully use of their respective advantages to compute the saliency. Compared with existing models, the proposed method can provide better saliency with more appearance and shape information, and can work well even in the low-resolution or noisy images. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm. Next, video saliency detection is another issue for the visual saliency computation. Numerous works have been proposed to extract the video saliency for the tasks of object detection. However, one might not be able to obtain desirable saliency for inferring the region of foreground objects when the video presents low contrast or complicated background. Thus, this thesis develops a salient object detection approach with less demanding assumption, which gives higher detection performance. The method computes the visual saliency in each frame using a weighted multiple manifold ranking algorithm. It then computes motion cues to estimate the motion saliency and localization prior. By adopting a new energy function, the data term depends on the visual saliency and localization prior; and the smoothness term depends on the constraint in time and space. Compared to existing methods, our approach automatically segments the persistent foreground object while preserving the potential shape. We apply our method to challenging benchmark videos, and show competitive or better results than the existing counterparts. Additionally, to address the problem of gaze estimation, we present a low cost and efficient approach to obtain the gaze point. As opposed to eye gaze estimation techniques requiring specific hardware, e.g. infrared high-resolution camera and infrared light sources, as well as a cumbersome calibration process. We concentrate on visible-imaging and present an approach for gaze estimation using a web camera in a desktop environment. We combine intensity energy and edge strength to locate the iris center and utilize the piecewise eye corner detector to detect the eye corner. To compensate for head movement causing gaze error, we adopt a sinusoidal head model (SHM) to simulate the 3D head shape, and propose an adaptive weighted facial features embedded in the pose from the orthography and scaling with iterations algorithm (AWPOSIT), whereby the head pose can be estimated. Consequently, the gaze estimation is obtained by the integration of the eye vector and head movement information. The proposed method is not sensitive to the light conditions, and the experimental results show the efficacy of the proposed approach

Cheap and easy to use eye tracking can be used to turn a common display into a gaze-contingent display: a system that can react to the user's gaze and adjust its content based on where an observer is looking. This can be used to enhance the rendering on screens based on perceptual insights and the knowledge about what is currently seen. This thesis investigates how GCDs can be used to support aspects of depth and colour perception. This thesis presents experiments that investigate the effects of simulated depth of field and chromatic aberration on depth perception. It also investigates how changing the colours surrounding the attended area can be used to influence the perceived colour and how this can be used to increase colour differentiation of colour and potentially increase the perceived gamut of the display. The presented investigations and empirical results lay the foundation for future investigations and development of gaze-contingent technologies, as well as for general applications of colour and depth perception. The results show that GCDs can be used to support the user in tasks that are related to visual perception. The presented techniques could be used to facilitate common tasks like distinguishing the depth of objects in virtual environments or discriminating similar colours in information visualisations.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-10-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:36:57Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 marson_e_me_bauru.pdf: 6541029 bytes, checksum: 037719360bac8f410784d129b86ac7a7 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / No cenário atual, muitas estratégias são usadas para atrair o consumidor, que deixou de suprir apenas, as necessidades consideradas naturais para satisfazer desejos e necessidades correspondentes a expectativas sociais. Diante desse consumidor ávido por novidades, o comércio estimula seu ímpeto para o consumo, fazendo uso da comunicação para atingir seus objetivos. Uma das mídias utilizadas, a vitrina, é o objeto deste estudo, aqui apresentada como uma mídia de comunicação com grande capacidade de atrair o consumidor. Objeto de estudos restritos, porém, com grande capacidade de persuasão, a vitrina investiga esta pesquisa que tem o objetivo de avaliar o papel do design em seu planejamento como atrativo para valorizar a imagem do produto e do ponto de venda, agregando valor na forma de expô-los ao consumidor. O objetivo específico visa relacionar o impacto emocional que sua composição, com o uso de conceitos e técnicas do design, pode proporcionar ao público, em específico o feminino. Para isso, optou-se por uma investigação bibliográfica e de campo. Compreende uma pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa e por raciocínio indutivo. Os dados obtidos geraram informações que contribuem como ferramentas no planejamento visual da vitrina. Os conceitos do design, da emoção e da percepção visual, articulados por profissionais capacitados por meio do ensino de design, permitem que a informação transmitida pelas vitrinas seja compreendida pelos consumidores / In the present scenery, many strategies are used to attract the consumers, which stopped supplying just the necessities considered natural to satisfy desires and the necessities towards the social expectations. Considering this eager consumer of news, the commerce stimulates his willing for consumption, making use of the communication to reach its aims. One of the used media, the window display, is the object of this study, here presented as a communication media with a great capacity to attract the shopper. Object of restrict studies, however, with a great persuasion power, the window display instigates this research that has the aim of evaluating the role of the design in its planning as an attractive to worth the image of the product and the store as well, attributing value in the way it is displayed to the shopper. The specific objective aims to connect the emotional impact that is composition, with the design's concepts and technical, can provide to the public, mainly the female one. That's why the option was to use both a bibliographic and a camping research. It concerns an exploratory research with qualitative approach and inductive throught. The obtained data created information that contributes a tools in the visual planning of the window display. The concepts of the design, emotion and visual perception said by the most capable professionals in design teaching, allow that the information transmited by the window display is understood by the shoppers

Doctorat en sciences psychologiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished