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Sucho bylo, je a bude. Nebo ne? Etnografický výzkum vybraných městských vinic v Praze / The Phenomenon of Drought had always been, is, and will be present. Or not? Ethnographic research of selected city vineyards in PragueKoubková, Tereza January 2021 (has links)
Covering various aspects of the environmental approach, this diploma thesis mostly deals with the anthropological context of drought in the selected vineyards in Prague, the Czech Republic. This research embodies an ethnographic probe into the specific part of Czech viticulture. Based on the participatory observation methods and semi-structured interviews, the author describes the daily routine of winemaking on the Grébovka vineyard and the wider context of drought in several Prague vineyards. Research shows that winemakers who manage these vineyards experience different levels of drought and their responses to this phenomenon in the form of common agricultural adaptation mechanisms are influenced by factors arising mainly from the very nature of viticulture, the local conditions and specifics of these city vineyards and the involvement of all actors in the vineyard, that form a network in which they are interconnected and interact in a particular way. In this thesis the author also reflects these local dimensions and contexts of drought as one of the consequences of climate change in the broader context of (anthropology) of climate change. Based on her research, the author mainly discusses the issue of scientific forecasting, because this scientific vision of the future can differ significantly...
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Factors Affecting Grapevine Establishment in Northern Production RegionsStenger, John Edward January 2011 (has links)
Two experiments were conducted to detect differences in growth and cold hardiness during establishment of northern grown wine grapevines. One experiment tested the use of four grow tube treatments and two pruning levels on vine establishment in the upper Midwest. The variables included leaf area, stem height, root growth, phenology, and hardiness. Overall, few significant differences occurred among treatments where grow tubes were utilized. In the second season, vines without grow tubes had superior measurements in nearly all leaf area categories. For this reason, it is recommended that growers refrain from grow tube use during establishment in northern growing regions. Vines pruned to three buds after transplanting varied little from those without pruning. For this reason, it is recommended that growers utilize the most efficient early pruning strategy for their particular situation. Another experiment was conducted to determine the effectiveness of different weed control measures. This experiment compared three kinds of mulches and an herbicide treatment on the growth and establishment of four wine grape varieties. Annual weed control, plant growth, phenology, soil water content and temperature, and vine hardiness were measured. Overall, vines receiving mulch had more consistent annual weed control and reduced early season growth when compared to chemically treated vines. For this reason, mulch is recommended in the vineyard for annual weed control during establishment in situations where vigor is not unacceptably low.
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Kvasinky a víno / Yeasts and winePalíková, Petra January 2010 (has links)
This thesis deals with isolation and identification wine yeasts from grapes and must. For analysis was used white wine Sauvignon that was grown and producing after needs ecological agriculture. Remove samples were processed in laboratory and by the help of dilution method were obtained pure culture isolated yeasts. In the following step, by the application of commercial kit UltraCleanTM Microbial DNA Isolation Kit we were able to isolated individual DNA that it was used to the next analysis. Isolated DNA was amplification by PCR method with ITS1 and ITS4 primers. PCR products were detected on agarose gel. Amplification samples were chopped five restriction endonucleases: HaeIII, HinfI, TaqaI, AluI and MseI. Chopped DNA was detected by the same way as PCR products and it was compared with restriction patterns of collection yeasts. In the next step it was compared genetic similarity of isolated yeasts by using BioNumerics software. As a criterion it was used Pearson coefficients and UPGMA clastering analysis. The result is dedrogram of genetics similarity isolated yeasts.
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Podnikatelský záměr rozvoje firmy / Entrepreneurial Intention of Business DevelopmentFink, Michael January 2014 (has links)
This diploma thesis deals with the creation of the business plan focused on expansion of the commercial company operating on the market of wine chemistry by one segment of production. More precisely the goal of this thesis is to design the business model of new winery which would use experience of current company management who possesses key factors of production indispensable for realisation of the intended project. Among the main factors we can mention ownership of vineyards with appropriate authorisation to operate in the market, foreign experts on oenology, Italian know-how on cultivation and manufacturing of wine and last but not least the access to capital especially to financial capital and machine facilities. Participation of potential co-investor would play an important role in this business plan. Thanks to his property interests he would help with the acceleration of partial plans and bring specialised market knowledge of the Czech wine-growing sector.
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Adubação potássica em videiras 'Niagara Rosada' cultivadas sobre diferentes porta-enxertos /Callili, Daniel January 2020 (has links)
Orientador: Marco Antonio Tecchio / Resumo: A ‘Niagara Rosada’ é a uva mais produzida do estado de São Paulo. Trata-se de uma cultivar de uva para mesa bastante produtiva, com baixo custo de produção, bem adaptada às condições edafoclimáticas da região de Sudeste, além de apresentar boa aceitação no mercado. Para incremento da produtividade e qualidade da uva, alguns manejos fitotécnicos são essenciais e devem ser incorporados ao sistema de produção, dentre eles, o uso de porta-enxertos e a adubação mineral de plantas. Os porta-enxertos apresentam papel fundamental na absorção de nutrientes, contudo, deve-se levar em consideração a compatibilidade com a cultivar copa e a adaptação às condições edafoclimáticas. O potássio é o elemento mais utilizado pelas videiras e pode influenciar diretamente no desempenho produtivo e na qualidade da uva. Assim, a escolha das doses ideais e da fonte potássica são muito importantes. Nesse contexto, os fertilizantes cloreto de potássio e sulfato de potássio são as alternativas mais utilizadas. Sendo assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes porta-enxertos, fontes potássicas e doses de potássio na fenologia, nos componentes de produção e de qualidade da uva ‘Niagara Rosada’. O experimento foi realizado durante três ciclos produtivos em vinhedo da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA-UNESP), em Botucatu/SP. A cv. Niagara Rosada, enxertadas sobre os porta-enxertos IAC 572 ‘Jales’ e IAC 766 ‘Campinas’, foram adubadas com os fertilizantes KCl e K2SO4, nas doses an... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: 'Niagara Rosada' is the most produced grape cultivar in the state of São Paulo. It is a very productive cultivar, with low production cost, well adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Southeast region, in addition to presenting good acceptance in the market. To increase grape productivity and quality, some phytotechnical managements are essential in viticulture, among them, the use of rootstocks and mineral fertilization of plants. Potassium is the element most used by vines and can directly influence the productive performance and quality of the grape. Thus, the choice of potassium source is very important. In this context, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate fertilizers are the best alternatives. The rootstocks can also influence the production and quality of the grape, as they play a fundamental role in the absorption of nutrients. However, compatibility with the cultivar canopy and adaptation to edaphoclimatic conditions must be taken into account. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different rootstocks, potassium sources and doses of K2O on phenology, on the production and quality components of the 'Niagara Rosada' grape. The experiment was carried out during three productive cycles in a vineyard of the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences (FCA-UNESP), in Botucatu / SP. The cv. Niagara Rosada, grafted on IAC 572 ‘Jales’ and IAC 766 ‘Campinas’ rootstocks, were fertilized with KCl and K2SO4 fertilizers at annual doses 0, 75, 150 and ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
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A SUITABILITY MODEL WITH FUZZY LOGIC : Wine Industry Suitability Under Changing ClimateCepnioglu, Yasin January 2021 (has links)
The grapevine is one of the most cultivated crops in the world. It requires several environmental conditions besides the winemakers’ practices. The practices of the winemakers have a great impact on the quality of the product, yet it is also depending on the pre-existing features of the cultivation’s sites. Those features are categorised into 3 as atmospheric, topographic and soil conditions and each contains several criteria derived from earlier studies. These conditions are generally not expected to change for centuries, but atmospheric conditions are subject to considerable change due to the climate change. The categories are used to build the Vineyard Suitability Model with fuzzy logic and applied to the study area, Skåne, Sweden. The model is applied in 4 versions which are according to the current and 3 scenarios of atmospheric conditions according to climate change projections for 2050. The model results indicate that the study area currently possesses a low potential for the wine industry to emerge. However, the impact of climate change appears to turn a considerable size of cultivated area into high potential sites. The results appear to be valid since the study area is just above the conventional wine production latitudes in the Northern hemisphere and considered to be too cold for grapevine production.
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Determination of Fungicide Resistance in Botrytis cinerea on Wine Grapes in California's Central Coast RegionAlvarez-Mendoza, Evelyn 01 September 2022 (has links) (PDF)
Botrytis bunch rot, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is a fungal disease that primarily affects the fruit of wine grapes. Infection of fruit consequently results in reduced yields and wine quality. These factors lead to significant economic losses for growers which prompts the implementation of management practices to control the disease. One objective of this study was to evaluate the level of resistance that populations of B. cinerea in the Central Coast region showed to various chemicals. A fungicide assay was conducted to determine resistant phenotypes to six fungicide active ingredients (pyrimethanil, iprodione, fenhexamid, fludioxonil, trifloxystrobin, boscalid). Thirty-five (2020) and 88 (2021) B. cinerea isolates were collected from Santa Maria, Cambria, Paso Robles, and Edna Valley in California and screened for resistance. The frequencies of populations (2020, 2021) showing resistance to each active ingredient were: pyrimethanil (94.3%, 81.8%), trifloxystrobin (97.1%, 100%), boscalid (77.1%, 77.3%), fenhexamid (8.6%, 25%). The majority of isolates were sensitive to iprodione (100%, 100%), fludioxonil (100%, 100%), fenhexamid (88.6%, 75%), and boscalid (22.9%, 22.7%). These results documented the accumulation of resistance in B. cinerea to various fungicides commonly used for Botrytis bunch rot management in California’s Central Coast. Another objective of this study was to determine the effective concentration of the six fungicides that reduces mycelial growth of the fungus by 50% (EC50). Seven B. cinerea isolates in 2020 and ten isolates in 2021 were selected and subjected to a sensitivity screening with serial dilutions of the different fungicide active ingredients. The fungicides found to have the highest EC50 values indicating reduced efficacy for inhibiting B. cinerea growth were Scala® (FRAC 9), Flint® (FRAC 11), and Endura® (FRAC 7). The fungicides found to have the lowest EC50 values indicating higher efficacy for inhibiting B. cinerea growth were Scholar® (FRAC 12) and Rovral® (FRAC 2). The results from this study provided information regarding the accumulated resistance of B. cinerea populations to certain chemical groups and therefore the efficacy of different fungicide active ingredients. This information can be utilized by growers as a tool to enhance and develop fungicide spray programs that effectively manage Botrytis bunch rot in Central Coast vineyards.
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The use of viticultural terroir units for demarcation of geographical indications for wine production in Stellenbosch and surroundsCarey, Victoria Anne 04 1900 (has links)
Dissertation (PhD(Agric)) -- Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Due to increased consumer demand for products labelled by origin, and the
requirement that these labels are a guarantee of both quality and product character,
there is an increasing global focus on delimitation of denominations of origin. The
integrity of denominations of origin and their defensibility can be ensured through the
use of terroirs as a basis for delimitation.
The aims of this study were to establish the dominant environmental criteria that
affect the viticultural behaviour and wine character of two important cultivars
(Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon blanc) in the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin
District, to use an appropriate methodology to identify viticultural terroirs in this district
based on these criteria and with the use of a geographic information system, and
finally to use these viticultural terroirs to identify denominations of origin within the
same area.
A terroir can be defined as a grouping of homogenous environmental units, or
natural terroir units, based on the typicality of the products obtained. Identification
and characterisation of terroirs depends on knowledge of environmental parameters,
the functioning of the grapevine and the characteristics of the final product. Field
studies, resulting in point data, are necessary to investigate the functioning of the
grapevine but in order for this information to be of use within zoning studies it must
be placed in a spatial context.
As a first phase in data acquisition, the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District was
characterised and natural terroir units were identified using existing digital data and a
geographic information system. A natural terroir unit (NTU) can be defined as a unit
of land that is characterised by relatively homogenous topography, climate,
geological substrate and soil. A total of 1389 NTUs were identified in the
Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District (84 537 ha). The identified NTUs were
homogenous with respect to terrain morphological unit, altitude, aspect and soil type.
Each of the identified units was further described with respect to the extent of the
expected sea breeze effect and, for certain of the soil types, the associated parent
material.
As a second phase of data acquisition, a network of plots of Sauvignon blanc and
Cabernet Sauvignon were delimited in commercial vineyards in proximity to weather
stations and their viticultural and oenological response monitored for a period of
seven years.
Regression tree analyses were performed on the complete data set and the
relative importance of the environmental and management related variables
determined for each dependent variable. Excepting for scion clone, which had a high
relative importance for bunch mass of Sauvignon blanc and yield to pruning mass
index of Cabernet Sauvignon, no other non-environmental variable included in the
analyses appeared to have a strong effect on grapevine performance and wine character. The performance of Cabernet Sauvignon was affected by the potassium
content of the subsoil and the climate of the season. The performance of Sauvignon
blanc appeared to be related to soil texture, wind exposure and temperature, both
during the green berry growth stage and the month prior to ripening. From the results
presented, it appears that environmental parameters have an overriding effect on the
performance of both Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon blanc, but that these two
cultivars react differently to environmental stimuli.
A knowledge-driven model used the rules generated in the regression tree
analyses to directly classify natural terroir units with respect to expected response of
Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon blanc in the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District.
The natural terroir units were thus grouped into terroir units that were homogenous
with respect to predicted viticultural and oenological response for each cultivar.
The use of representative sites to determine the response of the grapevine to its
environment is time consuming and costly and limits terroir studies to research
related investigations. Vineyard managers were therefore surveyed with respect to
the functioning of established Sauvignon blanc vineyards in the Stellenbosch Wine of
Origin District in an attempt to obtain the necessary data. Comparison of the data
generated with these questionnaires to measured data in commercial vineyards
suggested that the vineyard managers were able to characterise the performance of
vineyards with respect to vigour, signs of drought stress and yield. Each vineyard
was mapped and the responses were linked to modelled environmental variables.
Classification and regression trees were used to construct decision trees, which
could be applied to environmental data in a geographic information system to
determine viticultural terroirs for production of Sauvignon blanc. These terroirs,
although fewer, were comparable to those generated using field data.
Data gathered during terroir studies, and the identified viticultural terroirs for
Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon blanc, were used to revisit the boundaries of the
Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District and the Simonsberg-Stellenbosch ward.
Modifications were proposed based on expected wine characteristics. Boundaries for
two new wards in the Helderberg basin were proposed. It was also possible to
identify vineyards within a ward for the production of terroir specific wines. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Toenemende verbruikersaanvraag vereis produkte waarvan die etikette nie net die
oorsprong aandui nie, maar ook kan dien as ‘n waarborg vir die produk se kwaliteit
en kenmerkendheid. Hierdie tendens verklaar die toenemende wereldwye fokus op
afgebakende areas van oorsprong. Die integriteit van die afgebakende areas van
oorsprong sowel as hul verdedigbaarheid kan gewaarborg word deur terroirs as basis
vir afbakening te gebruik.
Die doelstellings van die studie was om die oorheersende omgewingseienskappe
wat wingerdprestasie en wynkarakter van twee belangrike cultivars, naamlik
Cabernet Sauvignon en Sauvignon blanc, in die Stellenbosch Wyn van
Oorsprongsdistrik bemvloed, te bepaal; tweedens om ‘n toepaslike metodologie te
gebruik om terroirs in die die distrik te bepaal wat gebaseer is op die geidentifiseerde
omgewingseienskappe met die gebruik van ‘n geografiese inligtingstelsel; en, ten
slotte, om hierdie terroirs vir wingerbou te gebruik om afgebakende areas van
oorsprong in dieselfde omgewing te identifiseer.
‘n Terroir kan gedefinieer word as ‘n samestelling van homogene
omgewingseenhede, of natuurlike terroir-eenhede (NTE), wat gebaseer word op die
kenmerkende eienskappe van die produkte wat daaruit verkry word. Identifisering en
karakterisering van terroirs sal afhang van kennis van die omgewingsparameters, die
funksionering van die wingerdstok en die eienskappe van die finale produk.
Veldstudies waaruit puntdata verkry word, is noodsaaklik om die funksionering van
die wingerdstok te ondersoek. Dit is egter noodsaaklik om eers hierdie inligting in
ruimtelike konteks te plaas alvorens die inligting vir soneringstudies gebruik kan
word.
As 'n eerste fase van datagenerering, was die Stellenbosch Wyn van
Oorsprongsdistrik gekarakteriseer en NTE’s geidentifiseer deur gebruik te maak van
bestaande digitale data en ‘n geografiese inligtingstelsel. ‘n NTE kan gedefinieer
word as ‘n landseenheid wat gekarakteriseer word deur ‘n relatiewe homogene
topografie, klimaat, geologiese substraat en grondtipe. ‘n Totaal van 1389 NTE’s is
geidentifiseer in die Stellenbosch Wyn van Oorsprongsdistrik (84 537 ha). Die
geidentifiseerde NTE’s was homogeen met betrekking tot die terrein morfologiese
eenheid, hoogte bo seespieSI, hellingsaspek en grondtipe. Elk van die
geidentifiseerde eenhede was verder beskryf volgens die omvang van die seewindinvloed
en, vir toepaslike grond tipes, die geassosieerde moedermateriaal.
As ‘n tweede fase van datagenerering is ‘n netwerk van persele van Cabernet
Sauvignon en Sauvignon blanc afgebaken binne bestaande kommersiele wingerde in
die nabyheid van weerstasies. Hul wingerd- en wynkundige respons is vir ‘n periode
van sewe jaar gemonitor.
Regressieboomanalises is gebruik om die volledige stel data te analiseer en om
die relatiewe belang van omgewings- en bestuurspraktykverbonde veranderlikes te bepaal. Die bostokkloon (wat 'n hoe relatiewe belang vir die trosmassa van
Sauvignon blanc en die oes- tot snoeimassa verhouding van Cabernet Sauvignon
het) is die enigste van die nie-omgewingsparameter wat ‘n sterk invloed op
wingerdprestasie of wynkarakter blyk te he. Die prestasie van Cabernet Sauvignon is
beTnvloed deur die kaliuminhoud van die ondergrond sowel as die seisoensklimaat.
By Sauvignon blanc het dit voorgekom of die prestasie verband hou met
grondtekstuur, windblootstelling en temperatuur tydens die groen fase van korrelgroei
sowel as die maand voor rypwording. Alhoewel dit blyk uit die resultate dat
omgewingsparameters 'n oorheersende invloed op die prestasie van beide Cabernet
Sauvignon en Sauvignon blanc uitoefen, reageer die twee cultivars verskillend op
omgewingsprikkels.
‘n Kennisgedrewe model waarvan die riglyne uit resultate van die
regressieboomanalise saamgestel is, word gebruik om NTE direk te klassifiseer ten
opsigte van die verwagte respons van Cabernet Sauvignon en Sauvignon blanc in
die Stellenbosch Wyn van Oorsprongsdistrik. Die NTE is dus gegroepeer om terroir
eenhede te vorm wat homogeen was ten opsigte van die verwagte wingerd- en
wynkundige respons vir elke cultivar.
Die gebruik van verwysingspersele om die respons van die wingerdstok teenoor
sy onmiddelike omgewing te bepaal, is tydrowend en duur en beperk sodoende
terroir studies tot navorsing. Gevolglik is ‘n opname onder wingerdbestuurders
gemaak om inligting oor die prestasie van Sauvignon blanc in die Stellenbosch Wyn
van Oorsprongsdistrik in te win en sodoende die nodige data te verkry. Na
vergelyking van die ingewinde data, wat uit die opname verkry is, met gemete data
vanaf kommersiele wingerde, kon afgelei word dat wingerdbestuurders by magte is
om die prestasie van wingerde ten opsigte van groeikrag, tekens van droogtestres en
opbrengs te karakteriseer. Elke wingerd is gekarteer en die respons is gekoppel aan
die gemodeleerde omgewingsparamters. Klassifikasie en regressiebome is gebruik
om besluitnemingsmodelle saam te stel wat toegepas kon word op omgewingsdata in
‘n geografiese inligtingstelsel om terroirs vir die produksie van Sauvignon blanc te
bepaal. Hierdie terroirs, alhoewel minder, was vergelykbaar met die wat gegenereer
was met behulp van veldstudies.
Data verkry met terroirstudies, sowel as gei'dentifiseerde terroir-eenhede, was
gebruik om die grense van die Stellenbosch Wyn van Oorsrongsdistrik en die
Simonsberg-Stellenbosch wyk te herbepaal. Voorgestelde modifiserings was
gebaseer op verwagte wyneienskappe. Grense vir twee nuwe wyke in die
Helderbergkom is voorgestel. Dit was ook moontlik om wingerde binne ‘n wyk te
identifiseer vir die produksie van terroir-spesifieke wyne.
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Determinants of producers’ choice of wine grape cultivars in the South African wine industryMusango, Josephine Kaviti 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MAgricAdmin (Agricultural Economics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / The wine industry is one of the oldest commercial activities in South Africa. The South African
wine grape industry annually produces more than a million tonnes of grapes, making the country
the ninth largest producer in the world. The total area under wine grape production is divided into
eight regions for administrative purposes. These boundaries are a legacy of the era of controlled
marketing and there is continued meaningfulness of having various classifications such as ‘wine of
origin’ scheme.
The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that determine the producers’ choice of wine
grape cultivars in the wine regions in South Africa. Time series data for the period 1990-2003 were
used to estimate the parameters of linear regression models. Two equations for each wine grape
cultivar in each region were postulated and estimated using Ordinary Least Squares as applied with
Eviews. Further, a stepwise regression as applied in STATISTICA was used to eliminate the
parameters that were not statistically significant at five percent significant level.
In identifying the factors that determine the choice of wine grape cultivars in the regions, the
results showed that each wine grape cultivar in each region has its own factors influencing the
producers’ choice of that specific wine grape cultivar. Same wine grape cultivars in different
regions similarly have its own factors determining the producers’ choice. The implication of this is
that there are differences in terms of the requirements and types of crops and wine grape cultivars
grown in each region. However, the most important result that emerged with regular frequency is
that, the factors determining the producers’ choice of a specific wine grape cultivar for each region
is price of other wine grape cultivars and competitive products in that wine region. The price of
specific wine grape cultivars only had an influence on few wine grape cultivars. The implication is
that the producers in South Africa appears to consider the prices of other wine grape cultivars and
competitive products before making a choice of whether to plant or uproot a specific wine grape
cultivar more than the price of the specific wine grape cultivar. This supports the theory that farm
prices play a key role in allocating resources and in rewarding efficient producers.
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Finansiele implikasies van besproeiing, geintegreer met lowerbestuur, vir rooi wyndruiwe in die Robertson-wynvalleiLouw, Victor de Wet 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The financial decision-making environment within which wine-grape producers function is
challenging because of the complex interrelationships between yield, product price and input
requirements. The complexity of farm systems is increased because production and financial
decisions are necessarily made under uncertainty. Various issues influence the resilience of
the wine industry. The goal of this study is to determine the financial implications of irrigation,
integrated with canopy management practices on red wine cultivars in the Robertson area.
Canopy management and irrigation cost play an important role within the multi-faceted farm
system regarding yield, quality and input cost. This necessitates that research be carried out
within the context of a systems approach. In this manner the interdependence among the
various components of the farm system, and the associated synergies can be captured.
Farm management, as a field of research, is dependent on other disciplines that present an
alternative perspective to the research problem.
Viticulture trials specifically focused on the impact of various irrigation and canopy
management activities is being done on Wansbek farm. Nine treatments were tested at
various combinations of soil water depletion levels and canopy management strategies. The
farm is situated in Agterkliphoogte, an area in the Robertson valley. A multi-disciplinary
group discussion was held to firstly obtain insight in the complex working of a farm. Secondly
the group discussion was used to gain insight into the application of the Wansbek trial data
and the setting of guidelines as to its application to determine the expected farm level
financial implications of the treatments. Dealing with complexity necessitates insight form
various areas of expertise, which is achieved time efficiently within expert group discussions.
A quantitative method is required to reflect the interrelatedness and dynamics of a whole
farm system in a user-friendly manner. Multi-period budget models present the ability to
accommodate the complexity associated with a farm through a sequence of mathematical
and accounting equations. The physical/biological interrelations and structure of the farm
can be modelled while the financial performance of various irrigation and canopy
management strategies can be determined.
Farm-level profitability is especially sensitive to yield and price of farm products. The
treatments that showed the highest expected profitability, return relatively high yields and
prices at relatively low production costs. The sprawling canopy management treatment at c.
60% and c. 30% plant available water depletion levels returned the highest and second
highest profitability at both gross margin per hectare and whole farm level. Scenarios were
incorporated to illustrate the expected impact of key variables and the capability of the
model. Key factors associated with the success of specific treatments could be identified.
Results showed throughout that the balance between yield, price and input cost are the
determining factor to profitability, rather than a focus on any particular one of these factors. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die finansiële besluitnemingsomgewing waarbinne wyndruifprodusente funksioneer, is
uitdagend weens die komplekse verwantskappe tussen oesopbrengs en -kwaliteit en
gepaardgaande insetbehoeftes. Die kompleksiteit van die boerderystelsels word verhoog
deurdat produksie- en finansiële besluite noodwendig op grond van onvolmaakte inligting
geneem word. Verskeie kwessies beïnvloed die voortbestaan van die wynbedryf. Die doel
van hierdie studie is om die finansiële implikasies te bepaal van besproeiing, geïntegreer
met lowerbestuur, vir rooi wyndruifverbouing in die Robertson-wynvallei.
Lowerbestuur- en besproeiingkoste speel ʼn belangrike rol binne die multifasettigheid van ʼn
boerderystelsel ten opsigte van opbrengs, kwaliteit en produksiekoste. Dit vereis dat die
navorsing binne die konteks van die stelselsbenadering aangespreek word. Sodoende word
die interafhanklikheid tussen die onderskeie boerderystelselkomponente, gekoppel aan die
sinergistiese effek wat daarmee gepaardgaan, in ag geneem. Boerderybestuur as
navorsingsveld, is gevolglik afhanklik van ander vakdissiplines wat ‘n alternatiewe
perspektief verleen aan die navorsingsprobleem.
Wingerdbouproewe wat spesifiek fokus op die impak van verskillende besproeiing- en
lowerbestuursaksies word uitgevoer op die Wansbek-plaas. Die plaas is geleë te
Agterkliphoogte, ʼn area in die Robertson-vallei. Nege behandelings is getoets teen
verskillende kombinasies van plant beskikbare water (PBW)-onttrekkingspeile en
lowerbestuurstrategieë. ʼn Groepsbespreking met multidissiplinêre deskundiges is gehou om
eerstens, insig in die kompleksiteit van die werking van ʼn plaas te verkry. Tweedens, is die
groep van multidissiplinêre deskundiges gebruik om insig te verwerf aangaande die
hantering van die Wansbek-proefdata. Die groep het riglyne daargestel om die proefdata
prakties aan te wend sodat die verwagte finansiële implikasies op plaasvlak geëvalueer kan
word. Die hantering van kompleksiteit vereis insig vanuit verskeie gebiede van kundigheid
wat tydsdoeltreffend binne ʼn groepsbespreking van multidissiplinêre deskundiges
geakkommodeer kan word.
ʼn Kwantitatiewe tegniek is nodig om die wisselwerking en dinamika van ʼn
geheelboerderystelsel op ʼn gebruikersvriendelike en toepaslike manier te weerspieël.
Multiperiode-begrotingsmodelle gee die vermoë om die kompleksiteit, wat met ʼn tipiese
plaas geassosieer word, te akkommodeer deur die toepassing van basiese wiskundige en
rekeningkundige beginsels. Die fisies-biologiese wisselwerking en struktuur van die plaas
kan sodoende gemodelleer word, terwyl die finansiële prestasie van die kombinasies van
verskillende besproeiing- en lowerbestuurstrategieë bepaal kan word.
Die plaasvlakwinsgewendheid is veral sensitief vir die opbrengs en prys van produkte
gelewer. Die behandelings wat die beste verwagte winsgewendheid getoon het, produseer
teen ʼn relatiewe hoë produksie en prys en ’n relatiewe lae produksiekoste. Die oophanglowerbestuurbehandeling
teen c. 60% en c. 30% plant beskikbare water-onttrekkingspeile is
die mees en tweede mees winsgewende strategieë op per hektaar bruto marge en
geheelplaasvlak. Die gebruik van scenario’s is geïnkorporeer om die impak van
sleutelveranderlikes uit te wys en die vermoë van die model te illustreer. Sleutelfaktore tot
die sukses wat aan sekere strategieë verbind word, kan sodoende uitgewys word.
Deurgaans wys die resultate dat die balans tussen opbrengs, prys en produksiekoste
belangriker is as die fokus op enige enkele een van die faktore.
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