Orientador: Sergio Tonini Button / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T01:40:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gentile_FernandoCesar_D.pdf: 18474234 bytes, checksum: b76313390a0c50a06d4c59b7df69e538 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: Neste trabalho foram feitas simulações físicas do processo de Laminação Transversal com Cunha (LTC), também conhecido como Cross Wedge Rolling (CWR), para se analisar a influência da temperatura, da velocidade do processo e das características dos materiais empregados na estabilidade do processo. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foram necessários o projeto e construção de uma bancada de simulação que fosse capaz de laminar peças com variados diâmetros e a diferentes taxas de deformação, e também de um par de ferramentas planas que fosse capaz de fabricar peças isentas de defeitos, segundo os diagramas de estabilidade do processo LTC disponíveis na literatura. Foram utilizados como materiais nas simulações: liga de alumínio, aço ABNT 4140 e aço microligado 48MnV3. A escolha do aço microligado foi baseada nas propriedades necessárias para materiais utilizados na fabricação de eixos escalonados. Para este material, foram feitas medidas da área dos defeitos internos, avaliações da macro e da microestrutura e ensaio de dureza Rockwell C. Os resultados mostraram que o diagrama de estabilidade de Hayama, utilizado para o projeto de ferramentas do processo LTC, não leva em consideração da maneira correta as propriedades do material conformado, já que se obteve diferentes defeitos externos para os diferentes materiais utilizados neste trabalho. Os resultados mostraram também que, para o aço microligado, o aumento da temperatura de processo diminui o tamanho dos defeitos internos, favorece o aumento de grão, o aumento da fração volumétrica de perlita e eleva a dureza, porém, não foi possível neste trabalho a correlação da velocidade de processo (taxa de deformação) com o tamanho do defeito interno e com as microestruturas obtidas / Abstract: ln this work tests were held with the Cross Wedge Rolling (CWR) process to analyze the influence of the process temperature, process speed and properties of the workpiece materiaJson the stability of the process. To perform these tests it was necessary to design and assemble a laboratory CWR equipment flexible enough to manufacture shafts with large ranges of diameters and strain rates, with a pak of flat tools able to roll parts free of defects in accord to stability diagrams found in the literature for CWR process. Three different alloys were tested: a commercial aluminum alloy, ABNT 4140 steel and the microalloyed steel 48MnV3. This microalloyed steel was chosen because of its mechanical properties are similar to those necessary to manufacture stepped shafts. The shafts rolled with this steel were analyzed measuring the internal defects, Rockwell C hardness and perform metallographic analysise valuating their macro and microstructures. Results showed that the Hayama stability diagram, that are used to design CWR tools, are not representative of this process because they do not consider the properties of the workpiece material in the correct way. The results also showed that higher temperatures reduce the probability of internal defects formation, rise the grain size, the perlite volume ftaction and hardness, but no conclusions can be made relating these defects an structures with the variation of the process speed. / Doutorado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

The thesis summarizes the basic knowledge of Wirebonding. It also closely studying the various influences on the final shape, strength and reliability of the bonds. In the experimental part are found the optimal settings of various wire bonders. For wire bonder TPT HB-10 are found the optimal settings for different types of surfaces, which were contacted.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第21338号 / 医博第4396号 / 新制||医||1031(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 坂井 義治, 教授 平井 豊博, 教授 溝脇 尚志 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

How we develop our cities not only reflects our priorities and values, but also affect the way we and future generations will experience and learn to communicate with spaces.    To face the fast-changing reality of Anthropocene and find inspiration and strength to face global issues cities have to become not only spaces where we live, work and play, but also places for nature reconnection, ecological education, grounding and inspiration.  Places that could show and tell why it is important to care about our local and global environments, how are they affecting everyday life and how we affect them with our lifestyle.    Igelbäcken kulturreservat gives a great opportunity to explore such topics, as nature and city already have a strong presence in the area. It is a part of the green wedge and has a rich agricultural history. Meanwhile it is also a place of big infrastructural and urban development with 2 big city cores situated closely.   Main aim is to explore how can urban design help in building symbiotic relationships between city and nature and enhance existing landscapes without depleting them, while operating in a very contextually saturated urban environment of Igelbäcken kulturreservat.

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Current methods of creating inlet total pressure distortion for testing in gas turbine engines are only able to simulate steady-state distortion patterns. With modern military aircraft it is becoming necessary to examine the effects of transient inlet distortion on engines. One alternative being evaluated is a splitting airfoil that is essentially a wedge that can be set at different opening angles. An array of such devices would be placed in front of the engine for testing that would be capable of creating steady-state distortion patterns as well as transient distortion patterns by changing the opening angle of the airfoils. The work here analyzes the steady-state wake characteristics of some of the splitting airfoil concepts. Single-wedge tests were conducted with various opening angles in an attempt to classify the various aspects found in the wake pattern. It was found that the wake has completely different characteristics with larger opening angles. In addition, several different combinations of wedges were also examined to see if single wedge analysis could be applied to arrays of wedges. Analysis was done on combinations of wedges aligned vertically as well as combinations that were done horizontally. It was found that single wedge characteristics change considerably when different wake patterns interact with each other / Master of Science

Previous work in the Railway Technology Laboratory at Virginia Tech focused on better capturing the dynamics of the friction wedge, modeled as a 3D rigid body. The current study extends that work to a half-truck model treated as an application of multibody dynamics with unilateral contact to model the friction wedge interactions with the bolster and the sideframe. The half-truck model created in MATLAB is a 3D, dynamic, multibody dynamics model comprised of four rigid bodies: a bolster, two friction wedges, and a sideframe assembly. The model allows each wedge four degrees of freedom: vertical displacement, longitudinal displacement (between the bolster and sideframe), pitch (rotation around the lateral axis), and yaw (rotation around the vertical axis). The bolster and the sideframe have only the vertical degree of freedom. The geometry of these bodies can be adjusted for various simulation scenarios. The bolster can be initialized with a pre-defined yaw (rotation around the vertical axis) and the sideframe may be initialized with a pre-defined pitch/toe (rotation around the lateral axis). The multibody dynamics half-truck model simulation results have been compared with results from NUCARS®, an industry standard train modeling software, for similar inputs. The multibody dynamics models have also been extended to a variably damped full-truck model and a variably damped half-truck warping model. These models were reformulated to react dynamically to simulated truck warp inputs. The ability to better characterize truck warping properties can prevent train roll over and derailments from truck hunting. In a quarter-truck variably damped configuration the effects of a curved wedge surface has also been explored. Actual friction wedges have surfaces which are slightly curved, this iteration in the multibody dynamics friction wedge modeling attempts to draw one step closer to actual friction wedge geometry. This model lays the ground work for a contact dependant wedge wearing model based on material properties and tribology. / Master of Science

This thesis presents a theoretical application of multibody dynamics with unilateral contact to model the interaction of the damping element in a freight train suspension, the friction wedge, with the bolster and the side frame. The objective of the proposed approach is to produce a stand-alone model that can better characterize the interaction between the bolster, the friction wedge, and the side frame subsystems. The new model allows the wedge four degrees of freedom: vertical displacement, longitudinal (between the bolster and the side frame) displacement, pitch (rotation about the lateral axis), and yaw (rotation about the vertical axis). The new model also allows for toe variation. The stand-alone model shows the capability of capturing dynamics of the wedge which were not possible to simulate using previous models. The inclusion of unilateral contact conditions is integral in quantifying the behavior during lift-off and the stick-slip phenomena. The resulting friction wedge model is a 3D, dynamic, stand-alone model of a bolster-friction wedge-side frame assembly. The new stand-alone model was validated through simulation using simple inputs. The dedicated train modeling software NUCARS® has been used to run simulations with similar inputs and to compare — when possible — the results with those obtained from the new stand-alone MATLAB friction wedge model. The stand-alone model shows improvement in capturing the transient dynamics of the wedge better. Also, it can predict not only normal forces going into the side frame and bolster, but also the associated moments. Significant simulation results are presented and the main differences between the current NUCARS® models and the new stand-alone MATLAB models are highlighted. / Master of Science

Traditional methods for calculating lateral pressures in silos, such as Janssen's Method and Coulomb's Method, have limitations due to the underlying assumptions of each methodology. This research investigates an approach which adapts Coulomb's Method to account for the cylindrical geometry of silos. The Silo Wedge Method (SWM) distinguishes between two cases based on the aspect ratio (height/diameter) of the silo. Comparative analysis reveals that the SWM accurately matches Coulomb's Method for linear retaining walls when the silo aspect ratio approaches zero. As the aspect ratio increases above 0.25, the SWM exhibits behavior similar to Janssen's Method. This suggests a potential connection between these two classical methods across different silo geometries. The SWM consistently predicts lower lateral pressures when compared to established methods, primarily due to volumetric differences between the silo failure wedge and linear failure wedge assumptions. Key factors influencing these lower predictions, including potential earth pressure states, lateral pressure coefficients, and silo wall deformations, are suggested for further investigation. If validated through physical testing and advanced numerical modeling, the SWM could enable more accurate lateral pressure predictions, leading to material savings, cost reductions, and a lower carbon footprint in silo design and construction, while maintaining structural safety. This research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of lateral pressure calculations across different silo geometries and retaining structures.